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While the enzymatic hydrolysis of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) has become feasible on industrial scales, efficient enzymes targeting other hydrolyzable plastic types, such as polyurethanes (PURs), are lacking. Recently, enzymes of the amidase signature (AS) family, capable of cleaving urethane bonds in a polyether\u2010PUR analog and a linear polyester\u2010PUR, have been identified. Herein, we present high\u2010resolution crystal structures of the AS enzyme UMG\u2010SP3 in three states: ligand\u2010free, bound with a suicidal inhibitor mimicking the transition state, and bound with a monomeric PUR degradation product. Besides revealing the conserved core and catalytic triad akin to other AS family members, the UMG\u2010SP3 structures show remarkable flexibility of loop regions. Particularly, Arg209 in loop 3 adopts two induced\u2010fit conformations upon ligand binding. Through structure\u2010guided kinetic studies and enzyme engineering, we mapped structural key elements that determine the enhanced hydrolysis of urethane and amide bonds in various small molecules, including a linear PUR fragment analog. 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