{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T18:38:22Z","timestamp":1760121502986},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1988,8,1]],"date-time":"1988-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":586396800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1988,8,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>In some patients with faecal incontinence due to an obstetric tear of the external anal sphincter there is additional weakness of the anal sphincter muscles from damage to the innervation of these muscles during delivery. Of 19 patients who required surgical repair of an obstetric sphincter tear some months or years after injury, 9 (47 per cent) had evidence of pudendal nerve damage at pre-operative anorectal physiological investigation. The result of surgical repair was excellent or good in eight of the ten patients in whom there was no evidence of nerve damage, while this was the case in only one of the nine patients with nerve damage. These results are significantly different (P = 0.018). Thus the functional result of delayed anal sphincter repair after obstetric lesions is partly dependent upon whether the nerve supply is intact. Pre-operative physiological evaluation can give information on the probability of a successful surgical result.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.1800750821","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,3,3]],"date-time":"2007-03-03T11:55:02Z","timestamp":1172922902000},"page":"786-788","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":143,"title":["Delayed external sphincter repair for obstetric tear"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"75","author":[{"given":"S","family":"Laurberg","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The Sir Alan Parks Physiology Unit, St. Mark's Hospital , City Road, London EC1V 2PS,","place":["UK"]}]},{"given":"M","family":"Swash","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Sir Alan Parks Physiology Unit, St. Mark's Hospital , City Road, London EC1V 2PS,","place":["UK"]}]},{"given":"M M","family":"Henry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Sir Alan Parks Physiology Unit, St. Mark's Hospital , City Road, London EC1V 2PS,","place":["UK"]}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1988,8,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024092806083873700_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"546","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(84)90766-9","article-title":"Injury to innervation of pelvic floor sphincter musculature in childbirth","volume":"ii","author":"Snooks","year":"1984","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2024092806083873700_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01648831","article-title":"Risk factors in childbirth causing damage to the pelvic floor innervation","volume":"1","author":"Snooks","year":"1986","journal-title":"Int J Colorect Dis"},{"key":"2024092806083873700_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"820","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.47.8.820","article-title":"Normal proximal and delayed distal conduction in the pudendal nerves of patients with idiopathic (neurogenic) faecal incontinence","volume":"47","author":"Kiff","year":"1984","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"2024092806083873700_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.1177\/014107688507800405","article-title":"Abnormalities in central and peripheral nerve conduction in patients with anorectal incontinence","volume":"78","author":"Snooks","year":"1985","journal-title":"J R Soc Med"},{"key":"2024092806083873700_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.43.4.343","article-title":"Increased motor unit fibre density in the external sphincter muscle in ano-rectal incontinence: a single fibre EMG study","volume":"43","author":"Neill","year":"1980","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"2024092806083873700_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.1800680804","article-title":"Physiological studies of the pelvic floor in idiopathic faecal incontinence and rectal prolapse","volume":"68","author":"Neill","year":"1981","journal-title":"Br J Surg"},{"key":"2024092806083873700_bib7","first-page":"1187","article-title":"Late repair of injuries of the anal sphincter","volume":"64","author":"Parks","year":"1971","journal-title":"Proc R Soc Med"},{"key":"2024092806083873700_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"824","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.1985.tb03053.x","article-title":"Faecal incontinence due to external sphincter division in childbirth is associated with damage to the innervation of the pelvic floor musculature; a double pathology","volume":"92","author":"Snooks","year":"1985","journal-title":"Br J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"2024092806083873700_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1097\/00000658-198403000-00017","article-title":"Anal sphincter injury. 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