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This study aimed to develop and evaluate a personalized Bayesian optimization (pBO) algorithm, designed to tailor transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) parameters for UK schoolteachers experiencing elevated work\u2010related rumination.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The algorithm adjusted tACS parameters based on individual head circumference and rumination levels. During the development phase, 80 burn\u2010in and 319 personalized home\u2010based sessions were conducted with 67 schoolteachers to model parameter\u2013outcome relationships. In a preregistered, double\u2010blind, within\u2010participant follow\u2010up study, 38 schoolteachers received both personalized and sham stimulation sessions in a counterbalanced order. Measures included work\u2010related rumination, daytime sleepiness, actigraphy\u2010based sleep fragmentation and efficiency, and side\u2010effect ratings.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In the algorithm development phase, higher\u2010amplitude stimulation was associated with reduced sleep fragmentation. In the follow\u2010up study, both personalized and sham stimulation reduced rumination, but no significant differences were observed between conditions. Higher amplitudes were associated with greater reductions in daytime sleepiness. Post\u2010stimulation changes in sleepiness and ruminations were associated only at higher amplitudes in the personalized condition and were not observed following sham stimulation. Side\u2010effect severity did not differ significantly between conditions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Home\u2010based neurostimulation interventions are feasible and well tolerated. While personalized stimulation did not outperform sham, the findings identify current amplitude as a key factor influencing daytime sleepiness and highlight the need to further refine personalization algorithms and stimulation strategies to optimize effectiveness.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/brb3.71264","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,8]],"date-time":"2026-03-08T08:40:54Z","timestamp":1772959254000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Feasibility and Effectiveness of Personalized Home\u2010Based Neurostimulation for Teachers Experiencing Work\u2010Related Rumination"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Delia","family":"Ciobotaru","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Psychology Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences University of Surrey  Guildford UK"}]},{"given":"Vu","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Amazon Adelaide Australia"}]},{"given":"Alejandro","family":"P\u00e9rez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Psychology Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences University of Surrey  Guildford UK"},{"name":"Dpto. 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