{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,22]],"date-time":"2026-01-22T05:31:32Z","timestamp":1769059892363,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"28","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,8,1]],"date-time":"2008-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1217548800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Chemistry A European J"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,9,26]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The analysis of different historic mauve samples\u2014mauve salts and dyed textiles\u2014was undertaken to establish the exact nature of the iconic dye produced by W.\u2005H. Perkin in the nineteenth century. Fourteen samples from important museum collections were analyzed, and it was determined that, in contrast to the general wisdom that mauveine consists of C<jats:sub>26<\/jats:sub> and C<jats:sub>27<\/jats:sub> structures, Perkin's mauveine is a complex mixture of at least thirteen methyl derivatives (C<jats:sub>24<\/jats:sub> to C<jats:sub>28<\/jats:sub>) with a 7\u2010amino\u20105\u2010phenyl\u20103\u2010(phenylamino)phenazin\u20105\u2010ium core. A fingerprint was established in which mauveines\u2005A or B were dominant, and in which mauveines\u2005B2 and C<jats:sub>25<\/jats:sub> were found to be important tracers to probe the original synthesis. Counterion analysis showed that all the mauve salts should be dated after 1862. Perkin's original recipe could be identified in three textile samples, and in these cases, mauveines\u2005A and C<jats:sub>25<\/jats:sub> were found to be the major chromophores. These are now shown to be the samples containing the \u201coriginal mauve\u201d.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/chem.200800718","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,8,1]],"date-time":"2008-08-01T04:07:37Z","timestamp":1217563657000},"page":"8507-8513","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":85,"title":["A Study in Mauve: Unveiling Perkin's Dye in Historic Samples"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Micaela\u2005M.","family":"Sousa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Maria\u2005J.","family":"Melo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"A.\u2005Jorge","family":"Parola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Peter\u2005J.\u2005T.","family":"Morris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Henry\u2005S.","family":"Rzepa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"J.\u2005S\u00e9rgio\u2005Seixas","family":"de\u2005Melo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,9,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/qj8621400230"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_2","volume-title":"The Rainbow Makers: The Origins of the Synthetic Dyestuffs Industry in Western Europe","author":"Travis A. S.","year":"1993"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_2","volume-title":"Bright Earth: Art and the Invention of Color","author":"Ball P.","year":"2002"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_2","volume-title":"Mauve: How One Man Invented a Color That Changed the World","author":"Garfield S.","year":"2002"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/440429a"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/07341510600629266"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.24.616.488"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/ct8966900596"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1478-4408.2006.00041.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/ct8793500717"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/p19940000005"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cber.18930260207"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cber.18960290255"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_2","first-page":"25","volume":"28","author":"Cobenzl A.","year":"1925","journal-title":"Oesterr. Chem. \u2010Ztg."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1478-4408.1969.tb02855.x","volume":"85","author":"Gurr E.","year":"1969","journal-title":"J. Soc. Dyers Colour."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/b618926a"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chroma.2007.05.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/07341510600629241"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_2","first-page":"13","volume-title":"Proc. R. Soc. London Ser. A","author":"Perkin W. H.","year":"1862"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_2","first-page":"944","volume-title":"A Green Approach to Antique Textile Cleaning, Vol.\u2005II","author":"Sousa M.","year":"2005"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_2","volume-title":"Natural Dyes: Sources, Tradition, Technology and Science","author":"Dominique C.","year":"2007"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_2","first-page":"547","volume":"31","author":"Meth\u2010Cohn O.","year":"1995","journal-title":"Chem. Brit."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_2","first-page":"201","volume":"39","author":"Rosenstiehl D. A.","year":"1869","journal-title":"Bull. Soc. Ind. Mulhouse"}],"container-title":["Chemistry \u2013 A European Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fchem.200800718","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/chemistry-europe.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/chem.200800718","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T21:14:01Z","timestamp":1760303641000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/chemistry-europe.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/chem.200800718"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2008,9,22]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"28","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,9,26]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/chem.200800718"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/chem.200800718","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0947-6539","1521-3765"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0947-6539","type":"print"},{"value":"1521-3765","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2008,9,22]]}}}