{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,6]],"date-time":"2025-11-06T15:48:44Z","timestamp":1762444124043,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"17","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,3,4]],"date-time":"2009-03-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1236124800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Chemistry A European J"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,4,20]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:bold>Don't cry!<\/jats:bold> The attachment of ferrocene moieties on the surface of carbon nano\u2010onions influences the electrochemical properties of these moieties and the photophysical properties of the carbon nano\u2010onions (see figure). Quantum chemical calculations confirm that the spectral properties of carbon nano\u2010onions depend on their size and the degree of functionalisation.<jats:boxed-text content-type=\"graphic\" position=\"anchor\"><jats:graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" mimetype=\"image\/gif\" position=\"anchor\" specific-use=\"enlarged-web-image\" xlink:href=\"graphic\/mcontent.gif\"><jats:alt-text>magnified image<\/jats:alt-text><\/jats:graphic><\/jats:boxed-text><\/jats:p><jats:p>We describe the synthesis and characterization of a novel ferrocene\u2013carbon onion derivative, where ferrocene acts as an electron\u2010donating moiety, while the carbon nano\u2010onion (CNO) serves as the electron acceptor. CNOs were functionalized by 1,3\u2010dipolar cycloaddition and the resulting products were characterized by transmission electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, Raman and energy dispersive spectroscopies. The electronic properties of the Fc\u2013CNO derivative were investigated by electrochemical and photophysical techniques, complemented by quantum chemical calculations. On average, the CNOs have a spherical appearance with six shells. Functionalization saturates one carbon atom in 36 carbon atoms on the outer cage of the CNO. Through\u2010space interactions between the Fc moiety and the CNO core were detected electrochemically. Fluorescence was observed at low and high energies with an intrinsic decay that is faster at lower energies. Based on theory and experiment, we conclude that, after absorption of a photon at low energy, there is emission from CNOs characterized by larger external shells and a lower degree of functionalization. At high energy, emission comes from CNOs with smaller external shells and a higher degree of functionalization.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/chem.200801818","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,3,4]],"date-time":"2009-03-04T08:58:17Z","timestamp":1236157097000},"page":"4419-4427","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":59,"title":["A Carbon Nano\u2010Onion\u2013Ferrocene Donor\u2013Acceptor System: Synthesis, Characterization and Properties"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Carla\u2005T.","family":"Cioffi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Amit","family":"Palkar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Frederic","family":"Melin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Amar","family":"Kumbhar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Luis","family":"Echegoyen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Manuel","family":"Melle\u2010Franco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Francesco","family":"Zerbetto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"G.\u2005M.\u2005Aminur","family":"Rahman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Christian","family":"Ehli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Vito","family":"Sgobba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Dirk\u2005M.","family":"Guldi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Maurizio","family":"Prato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,4,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_1_2","unstructured":"\u00a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/b106962b"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ar040238i"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ja068007p"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_2","unstructured":"\u00a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ja960070z"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1388-2481(01)00275-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_2","first-page":"195","volume":"3","author":"Hauke F.","year":"2002","journal-title":"Phys. Chem."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/nl025594d"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jp027122t"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-328X(03)00590-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tet.2004.11.078"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jo049137o"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ejoc.200600318"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/b104482f"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/b206930j"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/cr050569o"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/B316085H"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cphc.200600760"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_2","unstructured":"\u00a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ange.200351289"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.200351289"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.electacta.2007.03.071"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_2","unstructured":"\u00a0"},{"volume-title":"Photoinduced Electron Transfer","year":"1988","author":"Fox M. A.","key":"e_1_2_6_24_2"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-94-009-3979-0_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/359707a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/318162a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_28_2","first-page":"37","author":"Hirata A.","year":"2004","journal-title":"Tribol. Int."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_29_2","unstructured":"K.\u2005W. Street M. Marchetti R.\u2005L. Vander\u2005Wal A.\u2005J. Tomasek NASA reportNASA\/TM 2003 212\u2009301."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1521-3757(20020603)114:11<1962::AID-ANGE1962>3.0.CO;2-R"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_30_3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1521-3773(20020603)41:11<1885::AID-ANIE1885>3.0.CO;2-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1063\/1.1498884"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0009-2614(02)00557-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0009-2614(94)87072-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/asia.200600426"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scriptamat.2005.09.037"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1063\/1.1498884"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ar970210p"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ja016954m"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_39_2","unstructured":"\u00a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/b601176d"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.200500393"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_42_2","unstructured":"\u00a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ja0342805"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/chem.200500517"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jo015608k"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jo0161678"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_47_2","unstructured":"\u00a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cphc.200400558"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1521-3765(20000502)6:9<1629::AID-CHEM1629>3.0.CO;2-Z"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevB.67.075406"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.72.2644"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_52_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ja039918r"}],"container-title":["Chemistry \u2013 A European Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fchem.200801818","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/chemistry-europe.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/chem.200801818","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T18:26:48Z","timestamp":1760293608000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/chemistry-europe.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/chem.200801818"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2009,4,15]]},"references-count":54,"journal-issue":{"issue":"17","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,4,20]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/chem.200801818"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/chem.200801818","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0947-6539","1521-3765"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0947-6539"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1521-3765"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2009,4,15]]}}}