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Temperature is one of the most important physical properties affecting the dynamics and viability of natural and engineered systems. Because the luminescence of certain lanthanide\u2010bearing MOFs changes considerably with temperature, in the last few years, these materials have been explored as optical thermometers, especially in temperature sensing based on the intensity ratios of two separate electronic transitions. This review discusses the main concepts and ideas assisting the design of such ratiometric thermometers, and identifies the main challenges presented to this nascent field: develop nanothermometers for bio\u2010applications and nanomedicine; understand the energy transfer mechanisms determining the thermal sensitivity; achieve effective primary thermometers; realize multifunctional nanothermometers; integrate Ln<jats:sup>3+<\/jats:sup>\u2010based thermometers in commercial products.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/chem.201600860","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,3]],"date-time":"2016-08-03T10:39:22Z","timestamp":1470220762000},"page":"14782-14795","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":490,"title":["Lanthanide Organic Framework Luminescent Thermometers"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Jo\u00e3o","family":"Rocha","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry and CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials University of Aveiro  3810-193 Aveiro Portugal"}]},{"given":"Carlos D. 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