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The protocol involves heating dicyandiamide with \u03b2\u2010cyclodextrin (\u03b2CD) prior to polymerization. The local symmetry of the GCN skeleton is broken, yielding C<jats:italic>x<\/jats:italic>GCN (<jats:italic>x<\/jats:italic> corresponds to the initial amount of \u03b2CD used) with pores and a distorted structure. The electronic, emission, optical and textural properties of the best\u2010performing material, C2GCN, were significantly modified as compared to bulk GCN. The spectroscopic and luminescent features of C2GCN show the characteristic \u03c0\u2013\u03c0* electronic transition of GCN, accompanied by much stronger n\u2013\u03c0* electronic transitions owing to the porous and distorted network. These new electronic transitions, along with the presence of additional carbon synergistically contributed to enhanced visible light absorption and restrained recombination of electron\u2013hole pairs. Steady\u2010state and time\u2010resolved photoluminescence showed an effective quench of the fluorescence emission, accompanied by a decrease of fluorescence lifetime of C2GCN (2.20\u2005ns) in comparison with GCN (5.85\u2005ns), owing to the delocalization of electron and holes to new recombination centers. The photocatalytic activity of C2GCN was attributed to efficient charge carrier separation and improved visible\u2010light absorbing ability. As result, C2GCN exhibited \u223c5\u2005times higher photocatalytic H<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> generation under visible light than bulk GCN.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cssc.201801003","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,5]],"date-time":"2018-07-05T14:18:08Z","timestamp":1530800288000},"page":"2681-2694","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":115,"title":["\u03b2\u2010Cyclodextrin as a Precursor to Holey C\u2010Doped g\u2010C<sub>3<\/sub>N<sub>4<\/sub> Nanosheets for Photocatalytic Hydrogen Generation"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1155-9961","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eliana S.","family":"Da\u2005Silva","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Separation and Reaction Engineering, Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials (LSRE-LCM) Faculdade de Engenharia Universidade do Porto  Rua Dr. Roberto Frias s\/n 4200-465 Porto Portugal"}]},{"given":"Nuno M. 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