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Herein, membrane filtration was applied to the refining of lignin streams obtained from a lignin\u2010first biorefining process based on H\u2010transfer reactions catalyzed by Raney Ni, by using 2\u2010PrOH as a part of the lignin extraction liquor and as an H\u2010donor. A two\u2010stage membrane cascade was considered to separate and concentrate the monophenol\u2010rich fraction from the liquor. Building on the results, an economic evaluation of the potential of membrane filtration for the refining of lignin streams was undertaken. In this proof\u2010of\u2010concept report, a detailed analysis is presented of future developments in the performance required for the utilization of membrane filtration for lignin refining and, more aspiringly, solvent reclamation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cssc.201802747","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,24]],"date-time":"2019-01-24T13:30:56Z","timestamp":1548336656000},"page":"1203-1212","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":56,"title":["Membrane Fractionation of Liquors from Lignin\u2010First Biorefining"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Zafar","family":"Sultan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical Engineering Imperial College London  South Kensington Campus London SW7 2AZ United Kingdom"}]},{"given":"In\u00eas","family":"Gra\u00e7a","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical Engineering Imperial College London  South Kensington Campus London SW7 2AZ United Kingdom"}]},{"given":"Yueqin","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical Engineering Imperial College London  South Kensington Campus London SW7 2AZ United Kingdom"}]},{"given":"S\u00e9rgio","family":"Lima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical Engineering Imperial College London  South Kensington Campus London SW7 2AZ United Kingdom"}]},{"given":"Ludmila G.","family":"Peeva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical Engineering Imperial College London  South Kensington Campus London SW7 2AZ United Kingdom"}]},{"given":"Daeok","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical Engineering Imperial College London  South Kensington Campus London SW7 2AZ United Kingdom"}]},{"given":"Mahmood A.","family":"Ebrahim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical Engineering Imperial College London  South Kensington Campus London SW7 2AZ United Kingdom"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7175-4972","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Roberto","family":"Rinaldi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical Engineering Imperial College London  South Kensington Campus London SW7 2AZ United Kingdom"}]},{"given":"Andrew G.","family":"Livingston","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical Engineering Imperial College London  South Kensington Campus London SW7 2AZ United Kingdom"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.201510351"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ange.201510351"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.201404464"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ange.201404464"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C7EE01298E"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C7CS00566K"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cssc.201600237"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemrev.7b00588"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C6OB01915C"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.201403747"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ange.201403747"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C5CC04025F"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C5EE00204D"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cssc.200800080"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C5GC01325A"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C4GC01911C"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C7GC02731A"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cssc.201500117"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cssc.201402017"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cctc.201300540"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acssuschemeng.5b01776"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C5CY00490J"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acssuschemeng.8b01256"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","first-page":"479","volume":"3","author":"Rinaldi R.","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. 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