{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,7]],"date-time":"2026-04-07T17:33:54Z","timestamp":1775583234644,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":80,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,9]],"date-time":"2013-08-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1376006400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":8,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur J Immunol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The thymus generates <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">T<\/jats:styled-content> cells that are generally functionally immature and thus require peripheral activation for differentiation into effector lymphocytes. Notable exceptions to this rule are murine \u03b3\u03b4 <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">T<\/jats:styled-content> cells, many of which have been shown to acquire their functional potential during thymic development from late embryonic stages. Here, we review the underlying ontogenic processes and molecular differentiation mechanisms of murine \u03b3\u03b4 <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">T<\/jats:styled-content> cells, focusing on the transcriptional control of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IFN<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010\u03b3 and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u201017 expression. We propose that functional commitment of \u03b3\u03b4 <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">T<\/jats:styled-content> cells occurs in \u201cdevelopmental windows\u201d defined by the molecular composition of the thymic microenvironment, such as <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">T<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010cell receptor (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TCR<\/jats:styled-content>), <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TCR<\/jats:styled-content> coreceptor ligands, and cytokines. We further discuss the similarities and particularities of functional development of \u03b3\u03b4 <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">T<\/jats:styled-content> cells in mice and humans, while highlighting some key unresolved issues for future investigation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.201343759","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,9]],"date-time":"2013-08-09T08:39:19Z","timestamp":1376037559000},"page":"1988-1994","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":192,"title":["Functional development of \u03b3\u03b4 <scp>T<\/scp> cells"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"43","author":[{"given":"Immo","family":"Prinz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Immunology Hannover Medical School  Germany"}]},{"given":"Bruno","family":"Silva\u2010Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Medicina Molecular Faculdade de Medicina Universidade de Lisboa  Lisbon Portugal"}]},{"given":"Daniel J.","family":"Pennington","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Blizard Institute Barts and The London School of Medicine Queen Mary University of London  London UK"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nri797"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.immunol.18.1.975"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nri2781"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/1074-7613(95)90006-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(00)80512-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ni1371"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.it.2011.09.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(88)90139-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.200939922"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.1830260704"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.1830270228"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2012.06.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.171.5.2413"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/icb.2008.83"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/322836a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/mi.2008.8"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/343754a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.171.4.1015"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2004.06.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0303738101"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.178.7.4466"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.181.3.1710"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1100427"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20101824"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1101817"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2009.06.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2012.06.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.it.2012.11.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.0903218"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.1830230836"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.176.11.6553"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ni1293"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1001652"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_35_1","first-page":"681","article-title":"Intrathymic programming of effector fates in three molecularly distinct gammadelta T cell subtypes","volume":"38","author":"Narayan K.","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat. 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