{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,26]],"date-time":"2026-02-26T15:07:00Z","timestamp":1772118420785,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,1]],"date-time":"2023-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1675209600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Eur J Immunol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Within the thymus, thymic epithelial cells (TECs) provide a dedicated niche for the selection of functional T cells expressing a highly variable and self\u2010tolerant T\u2010cell receptor (TCR) repertoire. In this minireview, we start by summarizing recent studies that have improved our understanding on the composition of cortical TEC and medullary TEC microenvironments. Next, we focus on the molecular processes that control the function of TECs in T\u2010cell selection. In particular, we discuss the role of cortical TECs in positive selection and the pathways employed by these cells to generate and present selecting self\u2010peptides:MHC II complexes. Several studies have underscored the role of the \u03b25t\u2010containing thymoproteasome in the production of unique MHC I\u2010bound peptides critical for CD8 T\u2010cell selection. Contrarily, the identity of the molecular determinants that regulate the generation of MHC II\u2010bound self\u2010peptides capable of positive selecting CD4 T cells is far more uncertain. We highlight recent advances that interconnect the autophagy\u2010lysosomal pathway, the presentation of specific sets of self\u2010peptide:MHC II complexes, and the diversification of CD4 TCR repertoire. Lastly, we discuss how these findings may open up new avenues for deciphering the identity of the MHC I and MHC II ligandome in the thymus.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.202250202","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,16]],"date-time":"2023-01-16T01:29:28Z","timestamp":1673832568000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["T\u2010cell selection in the thymus: New routes toward the identification of the self\u2010peptide ligandome presented by thymic epithelial cells"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"53","author":[{"given":"Laura G.","family":"Sousa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o e Inova\u00e7\u00e3o em Sa\u00fade Universidade do Porto  Porto Portugal"},{"name":"Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular  Porto Portugal"},{"name":"Doctoral Program in Molecular and Cell Biology, Instituto de Ci\u00eancias Biom\u00e9dicas Abel Salazar Universidade do Porto  Porto Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3256-5060","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pedro M.","family":"Rodrigues","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o e Inova\u00e7\u00e3o em Sa\u00fade Universidade do Porto  Porto Portugal"},{"name":"Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular  Porto Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1567-8389","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nuno L.","family":"Alves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o e Inova\u00e7\u00e3o em Sa\u00fade Universidade do Porto  Porto Portugal"},{"name":"Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular  Porto 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