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The size of the nanospheres, which were polycrystalline and crystallized into a hexagonal structure, could be altered in the 60\u201395 nm range by adjusting the amount of polyacrylic acid added. The effects of Eu content and particle size of these nanomaterials on their optical properties (emission intensity and lifetime) as well as on their relaxivity (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub> and <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>) values were also analyzed to find the optimum system for optical bioimaging and as a positive contrast agent for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) applications. Finally, such optimum nanoparticles showed negligible cytotoxicity for Vero cells for concentrations up to 0.5 mg\u2009mL<jats:sup>\u20131<\/jats:sup> and a high colloidal stability in 2\u2010morpholinoethanesulfonic acid solutions, thereby satisfying the most important requirements for their use in biotechnological applications.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ejic.201402690","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,11,6]],"date-time":"2014-11-06T04:02:57Z","timestamp":1415246577000},"page":"6075-6084","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["One\u2010Step Synthesis and Polyacrylic Acid Functionalization of Multifunctional Europium\u2010Doped NaGdF<sub>4<\/sub> Nanoparticles with Selected Size for Optical and MRI Imaging"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"2014","author":[{"given":"Nuria 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