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The transformation of calcium deficient apatite to \u03b2\u2010Ca<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>(PO<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>)<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>, which usually occurs at \u2248 780 \u00b0C for pure systems, is delayed to beyond 1100 \u00b0C, depending upon the concentration of Gd<jats:sup>3+<\/jats:sup>\/Zr<jats:sup>4+<\/jats:sup> used in the synthesis. Gd<jats:sup>3+<\/jats:sup> prefers to accommodate at the lattice sites of both \u03b2\u2010Ca<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>(PO<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>)<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> and <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic>\u2010ZrO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>. Gd<jats:sup>3+<\/jats:sup> ensures limited occupancy at the Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>(1), Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>(2), and Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>(3) of \u03b2\u2010Ca<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>(PO<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>)<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> while <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic>\u2010ZrO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> consumes the excess Gd<jats:sup>3+<\/jats:sup>. Phase pure \u03b2\u2010Ca<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>(PO<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>)<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\/<jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic>\u2010ZrO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> composite mixtures devoid of any secondary phase alongside enhanced structural stability were accomplished at 1500 \u00b0C. The micrographs of the composite specimen revealed good sintering behaviour, and the Youngs modulus and hardness data determined from indentation displayed significant variations depending on the phase content of the individual components in the composite system.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ejic.201901208","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,31]],"date-time":"2020-01-31T01:52:14Z","timestamp":1580435534000},"page":"1163-1171","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Combined Occupancy of Gadolinium at the Lattice Sites of \u03b2\u2010Ca<sub>3<\/sub>(PO<sub>4<\/sub>)<sub>2<\/sub> and <i>t<\/i>\u2010ZrO<sub>2<\/sub> Crystal Structures"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"2020","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5739-0562","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ponnusamy Nandha","family":"Kumar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Nanoscience and Technology Pondicherry University  605 014 Puducherry India"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2285-4907","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sanjeevi","family":"Kannan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Nanoscience and Technology Pondicherry University  605 014 Puducherry India"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7520-2809","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9 M. 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