{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,13]],"date-time":"2026-02-13T04:22:37Z","timestamp":1770956557029,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,29]],"date-time":"2015-06-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1435536000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Euro J Lipid Sci &amp; Tech"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:label\/><jats:p>A vitamin E extraction method for rainbow trout flesh was optimized, validated, and applied in fish fed commercial and <jats:italic>Gracilaria vermiculophylla<\/jats:italic>\u2010supplemented diets. Five extraction methods were compared. Vitamers were analyzed by HPLC\/DAD\/fluorescence. A solid\u2010liquid extraction with <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2010hexane, which showed the best performance, was optimized and validated. Among the eight vitamers, only \u03b1\u2010 and \u03b3\u2010tocopherol were detected in muscle samples. The final method showed good linearity (&gt;0.999), intra\u2010 (&lt;3.1%) and inter\u2010day precision (&lt;2.6%), and recoveries (&gt;96%). Detection and quantification limits were 39.9 and 121.0\u2009ng\/g of muscle, for \u03b1\u2010tocopherol, and 111.4\u2009ng\/g and 337.6\u2009ng\/g, for \u03b3\u2010tocopherol, respectively. Compared to the control group, the dietary inclusion of 5% <jats:italic>G. vermiculophylla<\/jats:italic> resulted in a slight reduction of lipids in muscle and, consequently, of \u03b1\u2010 and \u03b3\u2010tocopherol. Nevertheless, vitamin E profile in lipids was maintained. In general, the results may be explained by the lower vitamin E level in seaweed\u2010containing diet.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Practical Applications:<\/jats:bold> Based on the validation results and the low solvent consumption, the developed method can be used to analyze vitamin E in rainbow trout. The results of this work are also a valuable information source for fish feed industries and aquaculture producers, which can focus on improving seaweed inclusion in feeds as a source of vitamin E in fish muscle and, therefore, take full advantage of all bioactive components with an important role in fish health and flesh quality.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"graphic\/ejlt201400656-gra-0001.png\" xlink:title=\"ejlt201400656-gra-0001\"\/><\/jats:p><jats:p>Muscle samples from rainbow trout fed a commercial diets were used to select, optimize, and validate an extraction method for vitamin E. The final method was used to extract \u03b1 and \u03b3\u2010tocopherol in muscle from rainbow trout fed a control (CTRL) and a seaweed\u2010supplemented diet (GRA).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ejlt.201400656","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,16]],"date-time":"2015-06-16T06:50:50Z","timestamp":1434437450000},"page":"1398-1405","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["New approach for vitamin E extraction in rainbow trout flesh: Application in fish fed commercial and red seaweed\u2010supplemented diets"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"117","author":[{"given":"Mariana","family":"Ara\u00fajo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"REQUIMTE, LAQV\/Departamento de Ci\u00eancias Qu\u00edmicas Faculdade de Farm\u00e1cia da Universidade do Porto Porto Portugal"}]},{"given":"Rita C.","family":"Alves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"REQUIMTE, LAQV\/Departamento de Ci\u00eancias Qu\u00edmicas Faculdade de Farm\u00e1cia da Universidade do Porto Porto Portugal"},{"name":"REQUIMTE, LAQV\/Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico do Porto Porto Portugal"}]},{"given":"Filipa B.","family":"Pimentel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"REQUIMTE, LAQV\/Departamento de Ci\u00eancias Qu\u00edmicas Faculdade de Farm\u00e1cia da Universidade do Porto Porto Portugal"}]},{"given":"Anabela S.G.","family":"Costa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"REQUIMTE, LAQV\/Departamento de Ci\u00eancias Qu\u00edmicas Faculdade de Farm\u00e1cia da Universidade do Porto Porto Portugal"}]},{"given":"Telmo J.R.","family":"Fernandes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"REQUIMTE, LAQV\/Departamento de Ci\u00eancias Qu\u00edmicas Faculdade de Farm\u00e1cia da Universidade do Porto Porto Portugal"}]},{"given":"Lu\u00edsa M.P.","family":"Valente","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CIIMAR\/CIMAR\u2014Centro Interdisciplinar de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o Marinha e Ambiental Porto Portugal"},{"name":"ICBAS\u2014Instituto de Ci\u00eancias Biom\u00e9dicas de Abel Salazar Universidade do Porto Porto Portugal"}]},{"given":"Paulo","family":"Rema","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CECAV\/UTAD\u2014Universidade de Tr\u00e1s\u2010os\u2010Montes e Alto Douro Vila Real Portugal"}]},{"given":"M. Beatriz P.P.","family":"Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"REQUIMTE, LAQV\/Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico do Porto Porto Portugal"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","unstructured":"EC Facts and Figures on the Common Fisheries Policy. Statistical basic data Publications Office of the European Union Luxembourg2014."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/71.1.171S"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000062644.42133.5F"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0308-8146(93)90005-Z"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1750-3841.2011.02121.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11745-998-0259-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mnfr.200400049"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2331\/suisan.47.1463"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0044-8486(94)00322-F"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1439-0396.1992.tb00577.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10811-009-9423-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aquaculture.2005.11.052"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1355-557x.2001.00043.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Carotenoid deposition, flesh quality and immunological response of Nile tilapia fed increasing levels of IMTA\u2010cultivated Ulva spp","author":"Valente L. P.","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Appl. Phycol."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.algal.2012.04.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","first-page":"645","article-title":"Marine algae as natural source of iodine in the feeding of freshwater fish\u2014A new possibility to improve iodine supply of man","volume":"154","author":"Schmid S.","year":"2003","journal-title":"Rev. Med. Vet."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aquaculture.2013.07.022"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1051\/alr:1997040"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02541835"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0076-6879(84)05018-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2527\/1996.74102406x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1139\/o59-099"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)64849-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lwt.2013.12.031"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_1","unstructured":"Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC) Official Methods of Analysis 18th Ed. AOAC Washington DC (USA) 2006."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1082013208102695"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jf803552h"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2012.09.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/bk-1997-0674.ch014"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jf0495946"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jf970721q"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/abio.1996.0437"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lwt.2007.02.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2621.1999.tb15872.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_36_1","first-page":"14","article-title":"Effect of coexisting fat on the extraction of tocopherols from tissues after saponification as a pretreatment for HPLC determination","volume":"3","author":"Ueda T.","year":"1987","journal-title":"J. Micronutr. Anal."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_37_1","first-page":"143","volume-title":"Modern Chromatographic Analysis of Vitamins","author":"Nelis H. J.","year":"2000"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2009.01.068"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0044-8486(03)00025-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0044-8486(90)90344-M"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_41_1","unstructured":"NRC Nutrient Requirements of Fish and Shrimp National Academy Press Washington DC 2011."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_42_1","volume-title":"The Lipid Handbook","author":"Gunstone F. D.","year":"1994"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2012.10.078"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10942910903256949"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ejlt.200800140"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ejlt.201400166"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-4347(01)00349-8"}],"container-title":["European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fejlt.201400656","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ejlt.201400656","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/ejlt.201400656","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ejlt.201400656","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,13]],"date-time":"2023-09-13T07:09:25Z","timestamp":1694588965000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/ejlt.201400656"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,29]]},"references-count":46,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/ejlt.201400656"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ejlt.201400656","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1438-7697","1438-9312"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1438-7697","type":"print"},{"value":"1438-9312","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,29]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2014-12-23","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2015-06-12","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2015-06-29","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}