{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,10]],"date-time":"2026-02-10T00:49:02Z","timestamp":1770684542788,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,22]],"date-time":"2025-12-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1766361600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,22]],"date-time":"2025-12-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1766361600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["chemistry-europe.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Eur J Org Chem"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Herein, the oxidative degradation of amoxicillin (AMX) by water\u2010soluble colloidal MnO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    is investigated spectrophotometrically at 298\u2009K in both uncatalyzed and nonionic micellar\u2010catalyzed media (Triton X\u2010100 and Brij\u201035). A 1:1 stoichiometric ratio between AMX and MnO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    in acidic medium is observed, and two primary oxidation products are identified and characterized by gas chromatography\u2013mass spectrometry analysis. The reaction exhibits first\u2010order kinetics with respect to the concentration of AMX in aqueous media, and a fractional\u2010order dependence in micellar media. Similarly, first\u2010order and fractional\u2010order dependences are observed with respect to the concentrations of MnO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    and H\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    SO\n                    <jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>\n                    , respectively, in both phases. The effects of experimental parameters, including ionic strength, dielectric constant, and the concentrations of Mn(II), KBr, KCl, and Na\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    SO\n                    <jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>\n                    , are thoroughly investigated. Significant catalytic effects are observed for the nonionic surfactants Triton X\u2010100 and Brij\u201035, which are explained using an appropriate mathematical model. A reaction mechanism and corresponding rate law consistent with the experimental data are proposed for both uncatalyzed and micellar\u2010catalyzed systems, and the thermodynamic activation parameters are evaluated using the Arrhenius equation.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ejoc.202500142","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,22]],"date-time":"2025-12-22T13:54:41Z","timestamp":1766411681000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Study of Uncatalyzed and Micellar\u2010Catalyzed Oxidative Degradation of Amoxicillin by Colloidal MnO\n                    <sub>2<\/sub>\n                    : Experimental Optimization and Mechanistic Aspects"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Neelam","family":"Sen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry Dau Uttam Sao Govt. College Machandur  Durg Chhattisgarh 491221 India"}]},{"given":"Garima Pravin","family":"Pandey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy Rani Durgavati University  Saraswati Vihar, Pachpedi Jabalpur Madhya Pradesh 482001 India"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8180-7292","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ajaya K.","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry Govt. V.Y.T.PG. Autonomous College  Durg Chhattisgarh 491001 India"},{"name":"School of Chemistry &amp; Physics University of KwaZulu\u2010Natal  Durban 4000 South Africa"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-1337-7667","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sunita","family":"Sanwaria","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry Govt. V.Y.T.PG. Autonomous College  Durg Chhattisgarh 491001 India"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9913-4671","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"S\u00f3nia A. C.","family":"Carabineiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LAQV\u2010REQUIMTE Department of Chemistry NOVA School of Science and Technology Universidade NOVA de Lisboa  2829\u2010516 Caparica Portugal"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","first-page":"77","volume":"6","author":"Sateesh B. C.","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Chem. Pharm. Sci."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","first-page":"726","volume":"52","author":"Jin X.","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ind. Eng. Chem. 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