{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,7]],"date-time":"2025-01-07T05:19:33Z","timestamp":1736227173031,"version":"3.32.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2000,10,1]],"date-time":"2000-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":970358400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,11,2]],"date-time":"2009-11-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1257120000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":3319,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["setac.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,10,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>The culture and testing of algae frequently requires stabilization of pH levels to maintain the availability of trace metals. In this work we evaluated the influence of 25 \u00d7 10\u22123 M N-[2-hydroxyethyl]piperazine-N\u2032-[2-hydroxypropanesulfonic acid] (HEPPSO) and piperazine-N,N\u2032-bis[2-hydroxypropanesulfonic acid] (POPSO) pH buffers, at pH 8.0, on the biological response of Amphidinium carterae Hulburt. Growth rate, copper uptake, mean cell size, mean cell complexity, and fluoresce in labeling of algae cultures were studied in enriched solutions of artificial seawater (ESAWs) containing a range of total copper(II) concentrations between 23 \u00d7 10\u22129 M (level before copper addition) and 15 \u00d7 10\u22126 M. The ESAW (without a pH buffer, initial pH = 8.0) was used as the control medium. Initial free copper (Cufree) was between 53 \u00d7 10\u221215 and 72 \u00d7 10\u221210 M, which represents ranges of concentrations typical of unimpacted and polluted surface seawater. These ranges were achieved using ehtylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) alone and in combination with the two buffers. Biological data endpoints were interpreted based on the cellular copper (Cucelluar, in fmol\/cell) and on the estimated initial inorganic copper (Cuinorg = Cufree plus that bound with inorganic ligands) in the medium. At innocuous Cuinorg, up to 10 \u00d7 10\u22129 M (Cufree \u2264 4 \u00d7 10\u221211 M), the Cucellular was independent of the presence of the buffer and very little dependent of Cuinorg. For Cuinorg up to 0.40 \u00d7 10\u22129 M, the Cucellular was approximately constant (0.1-0.2 fmol\/cell) and when Cuinorg ranged between 1.1 \u00d7 10\u22129 M and 10 \u00d7 10\u22129 M the Cucellular was three times higher but also constant. The POPSO enhanced copper uptake and toxicity. The HEPPSO reduced uptake and toxicity of copper because of its enhanced binding capacity compared to POPSO. Both HEPPSO and POPSO altered copper effects on mean cell size, mean cell complexity and fluorescein labeling of A. carterae, but the inherent mechanisms differed between the two buffers. This present work demonstrated that the chemical binding affinity of HEPPSO and POPSO differed and that it resulted in altered uptake and effects of copper on algae. These observations have important implications in culture and testing of algae that require metals as micronutrients yet are sensitive to metals at concentrations that exceed basic metabolic needs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/etc.5620191021","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,3,17]],"date-time":"2010-03-17T08:13:19Z","timestamp":1268813599000},"page":"2542-2550","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Influence of zwitterionic pH buffers on the bioavailability and toxicity of copper to the alga <i>Amphidinium carterae<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"M Teresa SD","family":"Vasconcelos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"LAQUIPAI, Departamento de Qu\u00edmica da Faculdade de Ci\u011bncias da Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre 687, P4169-007 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Cristina MR","family":"Almeida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LAQUIPAI, Departamento de Qu\u00edmica da Faculdade de Ci\u011bncias da Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre 687, P4169-007 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Olga M","family":"Lage","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Bot\u01cenica da Faculdade de Ci\u011bncias da Universidade do Porto e IBMC, Rua do Campo Alegre 823, 4150 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Filipe","family":"Sansonetty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Patologia e Imunologia Molecular da Universidade do Porto, Rua Roberto Frias, 4200 Porto, Portugal"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2000,10,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025010612521145600_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.1080\/01965581.1988.10749544","article-title":"Preparation and chemistry of the artificial algal culture medium 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