{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,18]],"date-time":"2026-01-18T05:14:52Z","timestamp":1768713292445,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2000,10,1]],"date-time":"2000-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":970358400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,11,2]],"date-time":"2009-11-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1257120000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":3319,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["setac.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,10,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>In most studies dealing with effects of toxic substances in saprotrophic isopods, animals are exposed to the test substance through contaminated food. Because these animals can be in a close contact with the soil surface, the substrate, as an exposure pathway, should not be neglected. Here the authors analyze the toxicokinetic behavior of lindane (\u03b3-hexachlorocyclohexane [\u03b3-HCH]) in the isopod species Porcellionides pruinosus, comparing two exposure routes: food and two soil types (artificial Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development [OECD] soil and a natural agricultural soil). In the feeding experiment, a strong decrease of \u03b3-HCH concentration over time was observed on the food material, with the animals showing a broader range in chemical assimilation efficiency values (averaging 17.7% and ranging from 10 to 40%). The \u03b3-HCH bioaccumulation results indicate that when animals incubated under both soil types reached a steady state, they displayed much higher body burdens (1,359.60 pg\/animal on OECD soil and 1,085.30 pg\/animal on natural soil) than those exposed to contaminated food (43.75 pg\/animal). Kinetic models also revealed much lower assimilation and elimination rates in the food experiment (20.66 pg\/d and 0.10 pg\/d) than in both soil experiments (238.60 pg\/d and 350.54 pg\/d for the assimilation rate and 0.19 pg\/d and 0.32 pg\/d for the elimination rate). Differences in results between exposure routes are discussed according to equilibrium-partitioning theory and the enhanced relevance of the substrate exposure route is analyzed under future prospects on chemical toxicity testing using isopods.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/etc.5620191023","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,3,17]],"date-time":"2010-03-17T04:50:05Z","timestamp":1268801405000},"page":"2557-2563","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":39,"title":["Soil and plant diet exposure routes and toxicokinetics of lindane in a terrestrial isopod"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Jos\u00e9 Paulo","family":"Sousa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto do Ambiente e Vida\u2014Departamento de Zoologia da Universidade de Coimbra, P-3004-517, Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Susana","family":"Loureiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto do Ambiente e Vida\u2014Departamento de Zoologia da Universidade de Coimbra, P-3004-517, Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Silvia","family":"Pieper","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Ecology, Department of Soil Science, Technical University Berlin, Salzufer 11-12, D-10587 Berlin, Germany"}]},{"given":"Mathias","family":"Frost","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Federal Biological Research Center, Institute of Ecological Chemistry, D-14191 Berlin, Germany"}]},{"given":"Werner","family":"Kratz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Martin-Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Department of Soil Science and Plant Nutrient, Weidenplan 14, D-06108 Halle, Germany"}]},{"given":"Ant\u00f3nio JA","family":"Nogueira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto do Ambiente e Vida\u2014Departamento de Zoologia da Universidade de Coimbra, P-3004-517, Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Amadeu MVM.","family":"Soares","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Biologia, Universidade de Aveiro, P-3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal"},{"name":"Instituto do Ambiente e Vida\u2014Departamento de Zoologia da Universidade de Coimbra, P-3004-517, Coimbra, Portugal"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2000,10,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025010612550190300_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1016\/0147-6513(87)90009-1","article-title":"Bioaccumulation in food chains\u2014 A rational approach","volume":"13","author":"Moriarty","year":"1987","journal-title":"Ecotoxicol Environ Saf"},{"key":"2025010612550190300_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01688266","article-title":"Effects of benzo[a]pyrene on food assimilation and growth in Porcellio scaber (Isopoda)","volume":"46","author":"Van Straalen","year":"1991","journal-title":"Bull Environ Contain Toxicol"},{"key":"2025010612550190300_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1080\/03946975.1992.10539189","article-title":"Effects of pesticides on the survival, growth and oxygen consumption of Hemilepistus reaumuri (Audouin & Savigny 1826) (Isopoda On-iscidea)","volume":"5","author":"Mohamed","year":"1992","journal-title":"Trap Zool"},{"key":"2025010612550190300_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1781","DOI":"10.1002\/etc.5620131109","article-title":"Lethal body concentrations and accumulation patterns determine time-dependent toxicity of cadmium in soil arthropods","volume":"13","author":"Crommentuijn","year":"1994","journal-title":"Environ Toxicol Chem"},{"key":"2025010612550190300_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"390","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00197231","article-title":"Ecotoxicological laboratory test for assessing the effects of chemicals on terrestrial isopods","volume":"53","author":"Drobne","year":"1994","journal-title":"Bull Environ Contain Toxicol"},{"key":"2025010612550190300_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1006\/eesa.1995.1037","article-title":"The toxicity of zinc to terrestrial isopods in a \u201cstandard\u201d laboratory test","volume":"31","author":"Drobne","year":"1995","journal-title":"Ecotoxicol Environ Saf"},{"key":"2025010612550190300_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00122170","article-title":"Prolonged effects of the insecticide demethoate on locomotor behaviour in the woodlouse, Porcellio scaber Latr. 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