{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,24]],"date-time":"2025-09-24T10:31:22Z","timestamp":1758709882049,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2002,1,1]],"date-time":"2002-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1009843200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,11,3]],"date-time":"2009-11-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1257206400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":2863,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["setac.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,1,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Congener-specific tansfer of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and chlorinated pesticides from female to pup was studied in harp seals from eastern Canada. Possible effects on hepatic cytochrome P450 enzymes (CYP450) due to contaminant mobilization from blubber lipids in females and ingestion of contaminated milk in pups were studied. Contaminant transfer from blubber to milk in females favored the more polar compounds (lower chlorinated PCBs, toxaphenes, hexachlorocyclohexanes, and hexachlorobenzene) relative to more lipophilic compounds (higher chlorinated PCBs, dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane [DDT], chlordane). In spite of substantial contaminant mobilization from blubber in females and ingestion of contaminated milk by pups, CYP450 activities were low in all animals. Possibly, increased plasma estradiol concentrations, involved in breeding after lactation, suppressed CYP450 directly. Although the pups were exposed to contaminants in milk, CYP450 activities were low, resulting in low contaminant metabolism. This was confirmed by similar contaminant patterns in milk and pups. A strong positive relation between CYP1A-like activities and body weight in the pups suggested not yet fully developed CYP1A enzymes. A negative association between CYP3A and pesticides in females and pups was hypothesized to be a result of metabolic inactivation of CYP450. The CYP450 enzyme activities were considered unsuitable indicators for contaminant mobilization and transfer in harp seals.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/etc.5620210114","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,2,17]],"date-time":"2010-02-17T17:23:54Z","timestamp":1266427434000},"page":"94-101","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Transfer of polychlorinated biphenyls and chlorinated pesticides from mother to pup in relation to cytochrome P450 enzyme activities in harp seals (<i>Phoca groenlandica<\/i>) from the Gulf of St. Lawrence, Canada"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Hans","family":"Wolkers","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Akvaplan-niva, Polar Environmental Centre, N-9296 Troms\u00f8 Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ivan C.","family":"Burkow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Norwegian Institute for Air Research, Polar Environmental Centre, N-9296 Troms\u00f8 Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mike O.","family":"Hammill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Norwegian Polar Institute, Polar Environmental Centre, N-9296 Troms\u00f8 Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christian","family":"Lydersen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Maurice Lamontagne Institute, Department of Fisheries and Oceans, PO Box 1000, Mont Joli, Quebec G5H 3Z4, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Renger F.","family":"Witkamp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Veterinary Pharmacy, Pharmacology, and Toxicology, Utrecht University, PO Box 80152, NL-3508 TD, Utrecht, The 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