{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T00:20:58Z","timestamp":1777422058824,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,7,18]],"date-time":"2006-07-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1153180800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":3947,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Intl Journal of Cancer"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1995,9,27]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Intratumor phenotypic heterogeneity is one of the characteristics of breast carcinomas, and genetic mechanisms are likely to contribute to it. We have studied breast cancer clonal heterogeneity by cytogenetic analysis of multiple tumor samples (one from each tumor quadrant) as well as samples of macroscopi\u2010cally normal surrounding breast tissue from 3 patients with this disease. Clonal chromosome aberrations were found in all 8 successfully analyzed samples from the carcinomas. Two to 6 cytogenetically unrelated clones were detected in each case, unevenly distributed among the tumor quadrants. Karyotypic abnormalities were also found in 4 out of 9 macroscopically tumor\u2010free samples from the surrounding tissue; in 2 of these samples, a ductal carcinoma <jats:italic>in situ<\/jats:italic> was detected histologically, and the cytogenetic evidence suggests that the remaining 2 samples also contained neoplastic cells. Quantitative analysis of the findings revealed a statistically significant higher frequency of karyotypically abnormal cells in samples with a histologic diagnosis of carcinoma vs. samples without any detected malignancy. That cells bearing cytogenetic evidence that they belong to the tumor parenchyma are left behind during breast\u2010conserving surgery for carcinoma of the breast may account for the relatively high long\u2010term local relapse rates seen in this disease.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.2910630113","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,2,20]],"date-time":"2007-02-20T00:43:41Z","timestamp":1171932221000},"page":"63-68","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":67,"title":["Clonal heterogeneity in breast cancer: Karyotypic comparisons of multiple intra\u2014and extra\u2014tumorous samples from 3 patients"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"63","author":[{"given":"Manuel R.","family":"Teixeira","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Nikos","family":"Pandis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Georgia","family":"Bardi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Johan A.","family":"Andersen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Felix","family":"Mitelman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Sverre","family":"Heim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,7,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.2910600107"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-4608(90)90143-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000132910"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-4608(90)90107-L"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0360-3016(93)90382-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199207303270505"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000132863"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","first-page":"5911","article-title":"Genetic convergence and divergence in tumor progression","volume":"48","author":"Heim S.","year":"1988","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","first-page":"369","volume-title":"Cancer cytogenetics","author":"Heim S.","year":"1995"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","first-page":"91","article-title":"Therapeutic implications of tumor heterogeneity","volume":"16","author":"Heppner G. 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