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By using single\u2010 and mixed\u2010species leaf bags (7 possible combinations of three litter species differing in toughness; common alder [<jats:italic>Alnus glutinosa<\/jats:italic> ], sweet chestnut [<jats:italic>Castanea sativa<\/jats:italic> ], and Spanish oak [<jats:italic>Quercus ilex ilex<\/jats:italic> ]), I tested whether leaf species diversity, measured as richness and composition, affects breakdown dynamics and macroinvertebrate colonization (abundance, richness and composition) during 90 days incubation in a stream. Decomposition rates were additive, <jats:italic>i.e.<\/jats:italic>, observed decomposition rates were not different from expected ones. However, decomposition rates of individual leaf species were affected by the mixture, <jats:italic>i.e.<\/jats:italic>, there were species\u2010specific responses to mixing litter. The invertebrate communities colonizing the mixtures were not richer and more diverse in mixtures than in single\u2010species leaf bags. On the opposite, mixing leaf species had a negative, non\u2010additive effect on rates of shredder and <jats:italic>taxa<\/jats:italic> colonization and on macroinvertebrate diversity. (\u00a9 2009 WILEY\u2010VCH Verlag GmbH &amp; Co. KGaA, Weinheim)<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/iroh.200811159","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,8,6]],"date-time":"2009-08-06T12:31:54Z","timestamp":1249561914000},"page":"436-451","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Leaf\u2010Litter Mixtures Affect Breakdown and Macroinvertebrate Colonization Rates in a Stream Ecosystem"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"94","author":[{"given":"Manuela","family":"Abelho","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,8,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00016391"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1100\/tsw.2001.103"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/iroh.200711019"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","unstructured":"Boesch D. 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