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Fungal biomass was higher in microcosms with leaves colonized at I and water from R. Fungal sporulation was higher in microcosms with leaves and water from R. Concentrations of 4.9, 9.6 and 5 ppm of Zn, Mn and Fe decrease fungal sporulation. The number of fungal species (spore counts and DGGE fingerprints) was lower in leaves colonized at site I. Cluster analyses of DGGE showed that Fe was the metal that most altered the structure of fungal community. Our results suggest that metal pollution affect leaf\u2010associated fungi depending on metal identity and concentration, and effects appear to be less pronounced in metal\u2010adapted communities. (\u00a9 2010 WILEY\u2010VCH Verlag GmbH &amp; Co. KGaA, Weinheim)<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/iroh.200911182","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,2,12]],"date-time":"2010-02-12T17:59:34Z","timestamp":1265997574000},"page":"12-26","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Effects of Zn, Fe and Mn on Leaf Litter Breakdown by Aquatic Fungi: a Microcosm Study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"95","author":[{"given":"Adriana","family":"Medeiros","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Sofia","family":"Duarte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Cl\u00e1udia","family":"Pascoal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Fernanda","family":"C\u00e1ssio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Manuel","family":"Gra\u00e7a","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,2,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.48.2.245-251.1984","article-title":"Effects of cadmium on aquatic hyphomycetes","volume":"48","author":"Abel T. 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