{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,26]],"date-time":"2025-09-26T17:02:42Z","timestamp":1758906162392},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,9,13]],"date-time":"2004-09-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1095033600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":5157,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J. Biomed. Mater. Res."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1990,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>In vitro<\/jats:italic> studies were conducted to determine the effects of metal ions known to be released from metallic implants <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic> on the expression of lymphocyte surface antigens. Normal human peripheral blood lymphocytes were exposed to various concentrations of metal ions (Fe<jats:sup>3+<\/jats:sup>, Ni<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>, Co<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>, Mo<jats:sup>6+<\/jats:sup>, V<jats:sup>5+<\/jats:sup>, Cr<jats:sup>6+<\/jats:sup>, Cr<jats:sup>3+<\/jats:sup>, and Ti<jats:sup>3+<\/jats:sup>) for 30 min at 37\u00b0C in a 5% CO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> atmosphere, and then analyzed for their ability to form rosettes with sheep red blood cells. Following this preliminary analysis, lymphocytes were exposed to the metal ions found to inhibit the E\u2010rosette reaction (Fe<jats:sup>3+<\/jats:sup>, Ni<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>, and Co<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>) in order to determine which of the following surface antigens were affected: CD2, CD3, CD4, CD8, CD1, CD22, CD10, and HLA\u2010DR. Our results showed that the <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> treatment of lymphocytes with Fe<jats:sup>3+<\/jats:sup> or Co<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> caused inhibition of CD2 only, whereas Ni<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> caused inhibition of both CD2 and CD3 antigens. These findings suggest that Fe<jats:sup>3+<\/jats:sup>, Co<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>, and Ni<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> ions may interfere with T cell activation since both CD2 and CD3 are involved in that process.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jbm.820240808","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,12,31]],"date-time":"2004-12-31T13:26:23Z","timestamp":1104499583000},"page":"1059-1068","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":45,"title":["Differential effects of eight metal ions on lymphocyte differentiation antigens <i>in vitro<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Isabel","family":"Bravo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Gra\u00e7a S.","family":"Carvalho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"M\u00e1rio A.","family":"Barbosa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Maria","family":"de Sousa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2004,9,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_2","series-title":"NBS Special Publication 601","first-page":"423","volume-title":"Implant Retrieval: Material; and Biological Analysis","author":"Skinner H.","year":"1981"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jbm.820170410"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-196042010-00007"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jbm.820100109"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.1.5852.527"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0142-9612(83)90003-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jbm.820180904"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0142-9612(85)90030-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-198306000-00015","article-title":"Urinary cobalt levels in patients with porous Austin\u2010Moore prosthesis","volume":"176","author":"Jorgensen T. 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