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The skeletal and soft\u2010anatomical data allow the reconstruction of the feeding strike of this bottom\u2010dwelling, aquatic temnospondyl. The orientation of the muscle scars on the postglenoid area of the mandible indicates that the depressor mandibulae was indeed used for lowering the mandible and not to raise the skull as supposed previously and implies that the skull including the mandible must have been lifted off the ground during prey capture. It can thus be assumed that<jats:italic>Gerrothorax<\/jats:italic>raised the head toward the prey with the jaws still closed. Analogous to the bracketing taxa, subsequent mouth opening was caused by action of the strong epaxial muscles (further elevation of the head) and the depressor mandibulae and rectus cervicis (lowering of the mandible). During mouth opening, the action of the rectus cervicis muscle also rotated the hyobranchial apparatus ventrally and caudally, thus expanding the buccal cavity and causing the inflow of water with the prey through the mouth opening. The strongly developed depressor mandibulae and rectus cervicis, and the well ossified, large quadrate\u2010articular joint suggest that this action occurred rapidly and that powerful suction was generated. Also, the jaw adductors were well developed and enabled a rapid mouth closure. In contrast to extant caudate larvae and most extant actinopterygians (teleosts), no cranial kinesis was possible in the<jats:italic>Gerrothorax<\/jats:italic>skull, and therefore suction feeding was not as elaborate as in these extant forms. This reconstruction may guide future studies of feeding in extinct aquatic tetrapods with ossified hyobranchial apparatus. J. Morphol., 2013. \u00a9 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jmor.20113","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,12,27]],"date-time":"2012-12-27T09:03:09Z","timestamp":1356598989000},"page":"525-542","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["Reconstruction of cranial and hyobranchial muscles in the triassic temnospondyl<i>Gerrothorax<\/i>provides evidence for akinetic suction feeding"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"274","author":[{"given":"Florian","family":"Witzmann","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rainer R.","family":"Schoch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,12,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmor.1050120302"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","first-page":"189","article-title":"The cranial anatomy of Polypterus, with special reference to Polypterus bichir","volume":"56","author":"Allis EP","year":"1922","journal-title":"J Anat"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-4687(199707)233:1<77::AID-JMOR7>3.0.CO;2-L"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.1977.0099"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmor.1051900417"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmor.1051870108"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","first-page":"31","article-title":"Ein bemerkenswerter Sch\u00e4delrest eines unterpermischen Labyrinthodontiers (Amphibia) aus dem Saargebiet","volume":"60","author":"Boy JA","year":"1971","journal-title":"Abh hess L\u2010Amt Bodenforsch"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1463-6395.1938.tb00688.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1096-3642.1980.tb01916.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","series-title":"Amphibian Biology: Osteology","first-page":"1598","author":"Castanet J","year":"2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1096-3642.1998.tb02525.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","first-page":"85","article-title":"The braincase of the anthracosaur Archeria crassidisca with comments on the interrelationships of primitive tetrapods","volume":"31","author":"Clack JA","year":"1988","journal-title":"Palaeontology"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-012670950-6\/50018-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/352234a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","first-page":"41","article-title":"Cranial anatomy of the giant Middle Triassic temnospondyl Chernia megarhina and a review of feeding in mastodonsaurids","volume":"37","author":"Damiani RJ","year":"2001","journal-title":"Palaeont Afr"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1096-3642.2008.00444.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","first-page":"161","volume-title":"Vertebrate Biomechanics and Evolution","author":"Deban SM","year":"2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-012632590-4\/50004-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4202\/app.2009.0131"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-213X-8-24"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7580.2008.00953.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature07189"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_1","first-page":"435","article-title":"Studien zur Anatomie der Zungenbein\u2010, Kiemenbogen\u2010 und Kehlkopfmuskulatur der Urodelen. 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