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It is well known the difficulty in obtaining phantoms that precisely model each tissue for each frequency of interest while keeping such properties for a long time. Despite the many available studies using such phantoms, limited information is available on a systematic analysis of the effect that the use of an imprecise phantom may have on the characterization of radiofrequency systems. This work presents the design and fabrication of ultra\u2010wideband liquid breast and tumor phantoms. The main issue with this approach is that incorrect phantom properties, as well as an incorrect frequency response, lead to assessment errors. The current research focus is mainly focused on the model of the phantom, rather than its electromagnetic properties. Typically, the EM properties of breast phantoms are accurate only in a small frequency range, and these properties are frequency dependent. To address this issue, we validated a homogeneous breast phantom with good results in terms of dielectric permittivity (1.613%\u2009&lt;\u2009error\u2009&lt;\u20093.22%) and loss tangent (error\u2009&lt;\u200933%) in the wide frequency range of [1\u20136]\u2009GHz. The proposed phantom retains its properties for a significant period of time, degrading only 6.78% in 2\u2009h after fabrication while exposed to the environment. When it is stored in a container, only a small variation of \u00b11.7% was registered after 9\u2009months.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jnm.70119","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,19]],"date-time":"2025-09-19T06:11:02Z","timestamp":1758262262000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Impact of Electromagnetic Property Variations in Breast Tissue Liquid Phantoms and Models on the Performance of UWB Radiofrequency Tumor Detection Systems"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"38","author":[{"given":"Marwa","family":"Slimi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physics, FST, Microwave Electronics Research Laboratory University Tunis El Manar Tunis  Tunis Tunisia"},{"name":"CMEMS \u2013 UMinho \u2013 University of Minho  Guimar\u00e3es Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3590-554X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bassem","family":"Jmai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physics, FST, Microwave Electronics Research Laboratory University Tunis El Manar Tunis  Tunis Tunisia"},{"name":"CMEMS \u2013 UMinho \u2013 University of Minho  Guimar\u00e3es Portugal"}]},{"given":"Paulo Mateus","family":"Mendes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CMEMS \u2013 UMinho \u2013 University of Minho  Guimar\u00e3es Portugal"}]},{"given":"Ali","family":"Gharsallah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physics, FST, Microwave Electronics Research Laboratory University Tunis El Manar Tunis  Tunis Tunisia"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ctrv.2010.02.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21203"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","first-page":"7","article-title":"Breast Cancer Statistics, 2017","volume":"67","author":"Desantis C.","year":"2017","journal-title":"CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2015150425"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.echo.2017.06.025"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2016.71.0947"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/0284186X.2015.1027411"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2013.52.5386"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"S.Di Meo G.Matrone M.Pasian et\u00a0al. \u201cHigh\u2010Resolution Mm\u2010Wave Imaging Techniques and Systems for Breast Cancer Detection \u201d2017 IEEE MTT\u2010S International Microwave Workshop Series on Advanced Materials and Processes (IMWS\u2010AMP 2017) pp. 20\u201322 Pavia Italy.","DOI":"10.1109\/IMWS-AMP.2017.8247409"},{"volume-title":"An Introduction to Microwave Imaging for Breast Cancer Detection","year":"2016","author":"Cruz R.","key":"e_1_2_9_11_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"M.Slimi P.Mendes B.Jmai andA.Gharsallah \u201cElectromagnetic Study of the Breast for Biomedical Applications \u201d2018 4th International Conference on Advanced Technologies for Signal and Image Processing (ATSIP).","DOI":"10.1109\/ATSIP.2018.8364478"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIM.2015.2440565"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIM.2013.2277562"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"S.Redzwan N. 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