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Although the technique is rapidly evolving from the initial breakthrough to real applications, there are still major challenges regarding the conciliation of nanometric probes with the high sensitivity and predictability of the thermal response of the system. In the past five years, luminescent thermometers operating at the nanoscale, where the conventional methods are ineffective, have emerged as a very active field of research. Luminescent silicon nanoparticles (SiNPs) are a promising choice for nanothermometry, combining the Si biocompatibility with the compatibility with the current microelectronic technology. Here, the thermal dependence of the emission peak position of SiNPs, used as the thermometric parameter, is well\u2010described by the Varshni's law, enabling the development of a self\u2010calibrated nanothermometer with a calibration curve predicted by a well\u2010stablished state equation, avoiding new calibration procedures whenever the thermometer operates in different media. For the first time, temperature sensing using SiNPs\u2010based luminescent thermometers in different media without the need of new calibration procedures is demonstrated. The thermometer reveals reversibility and repeatability higher than 99.98%, and a maximum relative sensitivity of 0.04% K<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ppsc.201600198","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,5]],"date-time":"2016-09-05T07:56:39Z","timestamp":1473062199000},"page":"740-748","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"title":["A New Generation of Primary Luminescent Thermometers Based on Silicon Nanoparticles and Operating in Different Media"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Alexandre M. P.","family":"Botas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physics CICECO \u2212 Aveiro Institute of Materials and I3N University of Aveiro  3810\u2010193 Aveiro Portugal"}]},{"given":"Carlos D. 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