{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,29]],"date-time":"2026-03-29T16:16:23Z","timestamp":1774800983050,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,2,5]],"date-time":"2014-02-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1391558400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Physica Status Solidi (a)"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:label\/><jats:p>In striving for mass production of magnetocaloric materials for refrigeration applications, one has to face the fact that these will not be laboratory\u2010grade materials, and will necessarily present (at the very least) composition gradients due to lower quality precursors. One can expect some probable consequences from this, namely that the maximum value of magnetic entropy change (\u0394<jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>M<\/jats:sub>) will decrease compared to a pure material, but also some broadening of the \u0394<jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>M<\/jats:sub>(<jats:italic>T<\/jats:italic>) curves should occur, as observed in some elementary ferromagnets. Some theoretical work has focused on this topic, for second\u2010order phase transition systems via the Landau theory of phase transitions and the molecular mean\u2010field model. Still, these theoretical considerations do not directly apply to first\u2010order phase transition (giant magnetocaloric effect) systems. We here present a study on the effect of disorder on the magnetic and magnetocaloric properties of first\u2010order phase transition systems. We employ the Bean\u2013Rodbell model, and consider disorder to be described by a width of a Curie temperature distribution. We show how disorder effects \u201csmooth\u201d the discontinuities of magnetization and entropy change, and also affect magnetic hysteresis. We show how for sufficiently large disorder, the shape of the magnetic entropy curves approximate the distribution function. We discuss how the magnetic field dependence of magnetic entropy change is affected by disorder, in light of recent reports of \u201csecond\u2010order like\u201d dependence of magnetic entropy change on applied magnetic field, for disordered giant magnetocaloric effect La\u2013Fe\u2013Si\u2010based samples.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/pssa.201300749","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,2,5]],"date-time":"2014-02-05T07:55:20Z","timestamp":1391586920000},"page":"971-974","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":37,"title":["Disorder effects in giant magnetocaloric materials"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"211","author":[{"given":"J. S.","family":"Amaral","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de F\u00edsica and CICECO Universidade de Aveiro 3810\u2010193 Aveiro Portugal"},{"name":"IFIMUP and IN\u2010Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Departamento de F\u00edsica e Astronomia da Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias da Universidade do Porto 4169\u2010007 Porto Portugal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"V. S.","family":"Amaral","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de F\u00edsica and CICECO Universidade de Aveiro 3810\u2010193 Aveiro Portugal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,2,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/0034-4885\/68\/6\/R04"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.78.4494"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1063\/1.1847871"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TMAG.2008.2002523"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","first-page":"110","volume":"2","author":"Ou Z. Q.","year":"2012","journal-title":"Res. 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