{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,13]],"date-time":"2025-10-13T01:28:06Z","timestamp":1760318886147,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,12]],"date-time":"2017-06-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1497225600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000266","name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["EP\/M024911\/1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["EP\/M024911\/1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000266","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PTDC\/CTM\u2010ENE\/1973\/2012","UID\/CTM\/50025\/2013"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PTDC\/CTM\u2010ENE\/1973\/2012","UID\/CTM\/50025\/2013"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Physica Status Solidi (a)"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:label\/><jats:p>The move toward lower cost sources of solar silicon has intensified the efforts to investigate the possibilities of passivating or reducing the recombination activity caused by deep states associated with transition metals. This is particularly important for the case of the slow diffusing metals early in the periodic sequence which are not removed by conventional gettering. In this paper, we examine reactions between hydrogen and transition metals and discuss the possibility of such reactions during cell processing. We analyse the case of hydrogenation of iron in p\u2010type Si and show that FeH can form under non\u2010equilibrium conditions. We consider the electrical activity of the slow diffusing metals Ti, V, and Mo, how this is affected in the presence of hydrogen, and the stability of TM\u2010H complexes formed. Finally, we discuss recent experiments which indicate that re\u2010siting of some transition metals from the interstitial to substitutional site is possible in the presence of excess vacancies, leading to a reduction in recombination activity.<jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"graphic\/pssa201700304-gra-0001.png\" xlink:title=\"pssa201700304-gra-0001\"\/><\/jats:p><jats:p>Periodic ordering of the 3d, 4d, and 5d transition metals with adjacent columns of the periodic table. The metals with hydrogen complexes which have had their electronic properties reported in the literature or in this paper are highlighted in green.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/pssa.201700304","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,12]],"date-time":"2017-06-12T06:06:43Z","timestamp":1497247603000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Recombination via transition metals in solar silicon: The significance of hydrogen\u2013metal reactions and lattice sites of metal atoms"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"214","author":[{"given":"J.","family":"Mullins","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering University of Manchester Manchester M13 9PL UK"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Leonard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering University of Manchester Manchester M13 9PL UK"}]},{"given":"V. 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D.","family":"Murphy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Engineering University of Warwick Coventry CV4 7AL UK"}]},{"given":"M. P.","family":"Halsall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Photon Science Institute and School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering University of Manchester Manchester M13 9PL UK"}]},{"given":"A. 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