{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,23]],"date-time":"2025-10-23T16:45:59Z","timestamp":1761237959869},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,12,18]],"date-time":"2012-12-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1355788800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Phys. Status Solidi C"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Zirconium implantation\u2010induced amorphization has been investigated with Rutherford back scattering spectrometry along a channeling direction (RBS\u2010C) using 2 MeV He<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>. Ion implantation was carried out at the energy of 175 keV, with fluences of 2\u00d710<jats:sup>15<\/jats:sup> to 2\u00d710<jats:sup>16<\/jats:sup> Zr<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\/cm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> at room temperatures. The critical amorphization fluence at room temperature was determined as \u223c1.5\u00d710<jats:sup>16<\/jats:sup> Zr<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\/cm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> corresponding to \u223c 40 dpa; \u223c2.7% peak Zr\u2010concentration) which is a lower damage energy than that reported for implantation with ions of similar mass and energy. The effect of post implantation of oxygen into a pre\u2010implanted sample (with zirconium) was investigated. The RBS results show that oxygen implantation in a crystalline sample increases the damage only slightly and slightly broadens the Zr profile. For the fluences above thresh\u2010old for amorphization, post implantation by oxygen has very little effect on the residual damage or on the Zr distribution. The presence of both F and F+ centers were indicated by optical absorption (OA) measurements. The OA spectra show the concentration of F and F+ centers increases with increasing fluence with some changes resulting from oxygen implantation of a pre\u2010zirconium\u2010implanted sapphire. This alters the relative concentrations of F and F<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> centers. The F\u2010type center concentrations for the samples were calculated using Smakula's equation. Photoluminescence (PL) at an excitation of 255 nm confirms the presence of both F and F+ centers with emission peaks at about 420 and 325 nm respectively. The PL spectra suggest that oxygen implantation decrease the concentration of the both species, consistent with the OA results (\u00a9 2012 WILEY\u2010VCH Verlag GmbH &amp; Co. KGaA, Weinheim)<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/pssc.201200392","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,12,18]],"date-time":"2012-12-18T21:27:23Z","timestamp":1355866043000},"page":"202-207","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["The defect structure of sapphire produced by implantation of Zr and Zr plus O: threshold fluence for amorphization and optical properties"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Younes","family":"Sina","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Peter D.","family":"Townsend","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Carl J.","family":"McHargue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Eduardo Jorge","family":"da Costa Alves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,12,18]]},"container-title":["physica status solidi c"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fpssc.201200392","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/pssc.201200392","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/pssc.201200392","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,13]],"date-time":"2023-09-13T23:54:41Z","timestamp":1694649281000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/pssc.201200392"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,12,18]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/pssc.201200392"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/pssc.201200392","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1862-6351","1610-1642"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1862-6351","type":"print"},{"value":"1610-1642","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,12,18]]}}}