{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,9]],"date-time":"2026-03-09T05:14:35Z","timestamp":1773033275182,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":67,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,26]],"date-time":"2025-04-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1745625600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,26]],"date-time":"2025-04-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1745625600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Physica Rapid Research Ltrs"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Counterfeiting is a global issue with severe economic, security, and health impacts, requiring advanced anti\u2010counterfeiting solutions. Luminescent materials offer unique, hard\u2010to\u2010replicate identification features. To this purpose, Y\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    GeO\n                    <jats:sub>5<\/jats:sub>\n                    and LiYGeO\n                    <jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>\n                    samples doped with 0.5\u2009mol% of bismuth (Bi) are synthesized by a solid\u2010state reaction. X\u2010ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy revealed their polyphasic nature, with the samples mainly consisting of the desired crystalline phases. Photoluminescence measurements indicated that all samples exhibit a strong emission band in the ultraviolet A spectral region (355\u2013365\u2009nm), attributed to Bi\n                    <jats:sup>3+<\/jats:sup>\n                    intraionic transitions. Despite their similarities, lifetime measurements under 300\u2009nm excitation revealed that the LiYGeO\n                    <jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>\n                    sample had a lifetime nearly 100 times longer than the Y\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    GeO\n                    <jats:sub>5<\/jats:sub>\n                    sample. Furthermore, afterglow decay profiles demonstrated that persistent luminescence (PersL) is only observed in the LiYGeO\n                    <jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>\n                    sample, detectable for over 7\u2009h after 10\u2009min of stimulation with 250\u2009nm light. Longer wavelengths failed to induce PersL. This finding highlights the importance of the host material and its associated defects as trap centres that contribute to PersL. By combining these materials, multi\u2010level anti\u2010counterfeiting codes can be designed based on the differences in lifetime, PersL, and excitation energy, making them extremely difficult to replicate without specific knowledge of the materials involved.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/pssr.202500102","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,26]],"date-time":"2025-04-26T14:49:06Z","timestamp":1745678946000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Next\u2010Generation Multilevel Anti\u2010Counterfeiting Technologies: Deciphering the UV\/Violet Luminescence of Bi\u2010Doped Yttrium Germanates"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-6746-5421","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"In\u00eas","family":"Proen\u00e7a","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Physics Department and i3N University of Aveiro  Campus 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