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This review summarizes recent advances in porous crystalline materials, with a focus on covalent organic frameworks (COFs) and hydrogen\u2010bonded organic frameworks (HOFs), as emerging platforms for ECL sensing. COFs offer structural robustness, high surface area, and extended \u03c0\u2010conjugated networks, enabling efficient charge transfer and ultrasensitive detection of biomolecules, toxins, and pesticides. In contrast, HOFs, constructed through reversible hydrogen bonding, provide superior processability, structural adaptability, and biocompatibility, making them attractive for detecting pathogens and heavy metal ions. Recent progress in luminophore engineering, nanostructure design, and co\u2010reactant modulation has significantly improved ECL signal amplification, selectivity, and operational stability, leading to lower detection limits. Despite remaining challenges in large\u2010scale synthesis, cost control, and the development of environmentally benign co\u2010reactants, COF\u2010 and HOF\u2010based systems show strong potential for integration with nanomaterials, biomolecular interfaces, and data\u2010driven design strategies. These advances position porous organic frameworks as promising materials for next\u2010generation, sustainable, and point\u2010of\u2010care ECL sensing technologies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.202514406","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,12]],"date-time":"2026-03-12T08:40:46Z","timestamp":1773304846000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Electrochemiluminescent COFs and HOFs as Porous Material Engineering Systems for Bioanalysis and Environmental Monitoring"],"prefix":"10.1002","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2414-9152","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Brij","family":"Mohan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physics and Materials Science Faculty of Science Chiang Mai University  Chiang Mai Thailand"},{"name":"Centro de Qu\u00edmica Estrutural, Institute of Molecular Sciences, Instituto Superior T\u00e9cnico Universidade De Lisboa  Lisboa Portugal"},{"name":"Hainan International Joint Research Center of Marine Advanced Photoelectric Functional Materials Key Laboratory of Laser Technology and Optoelectronic Functional Materials of Hainan Province College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Hainan Normal University  Haikou China"}]},{"given":"Bakhtiyar","family":"Najafov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"RWTH, Materials Engineering Aachen University  Aachen Germany"}]},{"given":"Pawan Kumar","family":"Sharma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry Central University of Haryana  Mahendergarh India"}]},{"given":"Amalendu","family":"Pal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, J C Bose University of Science and Technology YMCA  Faridabad India"}]},{"given":"Ismayil M.","family":"Garazade","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Qu\u00edmica Estrutural, Institute of Molecular Sciences, Instituto Superior T\u00e9cnico Universidade De Lisboa  Lisboa Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8323-888X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Armando J. 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