{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,13]],"date-time":"2025-05-13T16:07:51Z","timestamp":1747152471603,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,2]],"date-time":"2020-03-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1583107200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Structural Concrete"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The improvements observed in concrete technology in the last decades, namely the production of Portland cement CEM I 52.5 R, the development of third generation super\u2010plasticizers, and the commercialization of additions with high pozzolanic properties, turned possible the development of new concrete products using high performance concrete (HPC). Nevertheless, their implementation in the production process of the conservative precast concrete industry is not yet a reality. In this paper, the development and characterization of a HPC exhibiting high workability in the fresh state and high compressive strength in hardened state is presented. This HPC aims at producing, on a competitive basis, precast pre\u2010stressed long\u2010span girders for highway overpasses. For this reason, the main goal was to maximize the abovementioned properties but using the constituents available at the concrete precast company supporting the research. A set of different commercial admixtures was gathered and their influence on both compressive strength and workability of concrete was experimentally investigated. Results show that the compatibility between the admixture and the cementitious material is of paramount importance. By selecting the best type of the considered super\u2010plasticizers and by optimizing its dosage, it was possible to increase the workability from class S1 to S5 and, simultaneously, increase the compressive strength in circa 50%, up to 120\u2009MPa, at 28\u2009days of age.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/suco.201900090","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,2]],"date-time":"2020-03-02T08:23:35Z","timestamp":1583137415000},"page":"1989-1998","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Admixture tuning for high\u2010performance concrete for the production of novel precast pre\u2010stressed long\u2010span girders for highway overpasses"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5644-8889","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paulo","family":"Fernandes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"CERIS, DEC, Escola Superior de Tecnologia e Gest\u00e3o do Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico de Leiria  Leiria Portugal"}]},{"given":"Helena","family":"Pala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"DEA, Escola Superior de Tecnologia e Gest\u00e3o do Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico de Leiria  Leiria Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6413-4217","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eduardo","family":"Cavaco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CERIS, DEC, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias e Tecnologia da Universidade NOVA de Lisboa  Almada Portugal"}]},{"given":"Paulo","family":"Tiago","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"DEC, Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico de Coimbra. Instituto Superior de Engenharia de Coimbra  Coimbra Portugal"}]},{"given":"Eduardo","family":"J\u00falio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CERIS, DEC, Instituto Superior T\u00e9cnico, Universidade de Lisboa  Lisbon Portugal"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","first-page":"255","volume-title":"Precast pre\u2010stressed long\u2010span girders in high strength concrete: Feasibility, design, manufacture and behavior (in Portuguese)","author":"Fernandes PAL","year":"2007"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.buildenv.2005.06.023"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","first-page":"233","article-title":"High\u2010performance concrete: Requirements for constituent materials and mix proportioning","volume":"93","author":"Guti\u00e9rrez PA","year":"1996","journal-title":"ACI Mater J"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0008-8846(02)00861-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cemconcomp.2004.02.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2015.03.104"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2010.03.096"},{"volume-title":"High strength concrete","year":"1993","author":"Gonzalez\u2010Isabel G","key":"e_1_2_7_9_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0008-8846(00)00484-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0008-8846(03)00048-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cemconres.2003.10.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2015.10.066"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","unstructured":"European Committee for Standardization. EN 12350\u20104: Testing fresh concrete. Degree of compactability. 2009."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","unstructured":"European Committee for Standardization. EN 934\u20102: Admixtures for concrete mortar and grout. Concrete admixtures. Definitions requirements conformity marking and labelling. 2009."},{"volume-title":"Light weight aggregate concretes. User's guide (in Portuguese)","year":"2004","author":"Louren\u00e7o JF","key":"e_1_2_7_16_1"},{"volume-title":"Dosificaci\u00f3n de hormigones (in Spanish)","year":"1965","author":"Arredondo F","key":"e_1_2_7_17_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","unstructured":"European Committee for Standardization. EN 12350\u20101: Testing fresh concrete. Sampling. 2009."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","unstructured":"European Committee for Standardization. EN 12350\u20102: Testing fresh concrete. Slump\u2010test. 2009."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cemconres.2005.04.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","unstructured":"European Committee for Standardization. EN 12390\u20101: Testing hardened concrete. Shape dimensions and other requirements for specimens and moulds. 2000."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","unstructured":"European Committee for Standardization. EN 12390\u20102: Testing hardened concrete. Making and curing specimens for strength tests. 2000."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","unstructured":"European Committee for Standardization. EN 12390\u20103: Testing hardened concrete. Compressive strength of test specimens. 2002."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0008-8846(96)00207-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0958-9465(97)00062-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cemconres.2006.02.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_27_1","first-page":"94","volume-title":"RILEM symposium on \u201cadmixtures for concrete improvement of properties.\u201d","author":"Yamakawa I","year":"1990"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_7_28_1","first-page":"164","article-title":"Influence of superplasticizer on strength of concrete","volume":"1","author":"Alsadey S","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int J Res Eng Technol"}],"container-title":["Structural Concrete"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fsuco.201900090","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/suco.201900090","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/suco.201900090","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/suco.201900090","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,3]],"date-time":"2023-09-03T03:12:51Z","timestamp":1693710771000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/suco.201900090"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,2]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/suco.201900090"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/suco.201900090","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1464-4177","1751-7648"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1464-4177"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1751-7648"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2019-03-15","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-01-29","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-03-02","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}