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They can be used as a design parameter to diminish the minimum reinforcement for members subject to imposed deformation and exposed to the environment as they reduce the crack spacing and width when arranged close enough. While crack initiators in conventional concrete construction are cumbersome to provide (e.g., by construction joints or taperings), they are inherent to layered extrusion processes with digital fabrication technologies: the tensile strength is typically reduced locally in interfaces between layers. Rather than trying to avoid these\n                    <jats:italic>weak interfaces<\/jats:italic>\n                    , this paper discusses the potential of taking advantage of them to act as crack initiators reducing the minimum reinforcement content. A tension chord\u2010based model is developed to (i) account for the local strength reduction and (ii) predict the effect of weak interfaces on the expected crack spacing and width. As a key finding, the model predicts a reduction of the required minimum reinforcement ratio proportional to the locally decreased concrete tensile strength for a specified maximum crack width requirement under imposed deformations. An experimental campaign on five layered and three reference tension ties confirmed the clearly positive impact of weak interfaces on crack spacings and widths.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/suco.202200732","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,7]],"date-time":"2022-12-07T12:59:47Z","timestamp":1670417987000},"page":"1835-1855","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Digitally fabricated weak interfaces to reduce minimum reinforcement in concrete structures"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3032-5482","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Patrick","family":"Bischof","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Civil, Environmental and Geomatic Engineering Institute of Structural Engineering, ETH Zurich  Zurich Switzerland"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8701-4410","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jaime","family":"Mata\u2010Falc\u00f3n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Civil, Environmental and Geomatic Engineering Institute of Structural Engineering, ETH Zurich  Zurich Switzerland"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9568-0624","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rebecca","family":"Ammann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Civil, Environmental and Geomatic Engineering Institute of Structural Engineering, ETH Zurich  Zurich Switzerland"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8823-3869","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andreas","family":"N\u00e4sbom","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Civil, Environmental and Geomatic Engineering Institute of Structural Engineering, ETH Zurich  Zurich Switzerland"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8415-4896","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Walter","family":"Kaufmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Civil, Environmental and Geomatic Engineering Institute of Structural Engineering, ETH Zurich  Zurich Switzerland"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,7]]},"reference":[{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","DOI":"10.2749\/101686698780488875"},{"unstructured":"EN 1992\u20101\u20101.Eurocode 2: design of concrete structures\u2014Part 1\u20131: general rules and rules for buildings Brussels: European Committee for Standardization;2004.","key":"e_1_2_10_3_1"},{"unstructured":"SIA 262.Concrete structures Z\u00fcrich: Swiss Society of Engineers and Architects (SIA);2013.","key":"e_1_2_10_4_1"},{"unstructured":"KBOB.\u00d6kobilanzdaten im Baubereich 2009\/1:2022;2022[cited 2021 Dec 05]. 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