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This created new challenges associated with the variability and uncertainty of these sources. Handling these two characteristics is a key issue that includes technological, regulatory, and computational aspects. Advanced tools for handling <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RES<\/jats:styled-content> maximize the resultant benefits and keep the reliability indices at the required level. Recent advances in forecasting and management algorithms provided means to manage <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RES<\/jats:styled-content>. Forecasts of renewable generation for the next hours\/days play a crucial role in the management tools and protocols of the system operator. These forecasts are used as input for setting reserve requirements and performing the unit commitment (UC) and economic dispatch (ED) processes. Probabilistic forecasts are being included in the management tools, enabling a move from deterministic to stochastic methods, which conduct to robust solutions. On the technological side, advances to increase mid\u2010merit and base\u2010load generation flexibility should be a priority. The use of storage devices to mitigate uncertainty and variability is particularly valuable for isolated power system, whereas in interconnected systems, economic criteria might be a barrier to invest in new storage facilities. The possibility of sending active and reactive control set points to <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RES<\/jats:styled-content> power plants offers more flexibility. Furthermore, the emergence of the smart grid concept and the increasing share of controllable loads contribute with flexibility to increase the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RES<\/jats:styled-content> penetration levels.<\/jats:p><jats:p>This article is categorized under:\n<jats:list list-type=\"explicit-label\">\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>Wind Power &gt; Economics and Policy<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>Energy Infrastructure &gt; Systems and Infrastructure<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>Energy Systems Analysis &gt; Systems and Infrastructure<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<\/jats:list><\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/wene.76","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,2,21]],"date-time":"2013-02-21T23:20:53Z","timestamp":1361488853000},"page":"156-178","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":59,"title":["Handling renewable energy variability and uncertainty in power systems operation"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"3","author":[{"given":"Ricardo","family":"Bessa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"INESC TEC, INESC Technology and Science (Formerly INESC Porto) and FEUP Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto  Portugal"}]},{"given":"Carlos","family":"Moreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"INESC TEC, INESC Technology and Science (Formerly INESC Porto) and FEUP Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto  Portugal"}]},{"given":"Bernardo","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"INESC TEC, INESC Technology and Science (Formerly INESC Porto) and FEUP Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto  Portugal"}]},{"given":"Manuel","family":"Matos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"INESC TEC, INESC Technology and Science (Formerly INESC Porto) and FEUP Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto  Portugal"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,2,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_1_2_1","unstructured":"ElaE MilliganM KirbyB.Operating reserves and variable generation. 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