{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,16]],"date-time":"2026-04-16T18:48:54Z","timestamp":1776365334555,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2001,12,1]],"date-time":"2001-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1007164800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["NeuroImage"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,12]]},"DOI":"10.1006\/nimg.2001.0923","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,9,18]],"date-time":"2002-09-18T19:46:43Z","timestamp":1032378403000},"page":"1302-1308","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":528,"title":["Anterior Cingulate Cortex, Conflict Monitoring, and Levels of Processing"],"prefix":"10.1006","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Vincent","family":"van Veen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Jonathan D.","family":"Cohen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Matthew M.","family":"Botvinick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"V.Andrew","family":"Stenger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Cameron S.","family":"Carter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1006\/nimg.2001.0923_RF1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"298","DOI":"10.1162\/089892900562110","article-title":"Anterior cingulate and the monitoring of response conflict: Evidence from an fMRI study of overt word generation","volume":"12","author":"Barch","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Cognit. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1006\/nimg.2001.0923_RF2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"907","DOI":"10.1016\/0028-3932(93)90147-R","article-title":"Investigations of the functional anatomy of attention using the Stroop test","volume":"31","author":"Bench","year":"1993","journal-title":"Neuropsychologia"},{"key":"10.1006\/nimg.2001.0923_RF3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1038\/46035","article-title":"Conflict monitoring versus selection-for-action in anterior cingulate cortex","volume":"402","author":"Botvinick","year":"1999","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1006\/nimg.2001.0923_RF4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"624","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-295X.108.3.624","article-title":"Conflict monitoring and cognitive control","volume":"108","author":"Botvinick","year":"2001","journal-title":"Psychol. Rev."},{"key":"10.1006\/nimg.2001.0923_RF5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1016\/S1364-6613(00)01483-2","article-title":"Cognitive and emotional influences in anterior cingulate cortex","volume":"4","author":"Bush","year":"2000","journal-title":"Trends Cognit. Sci."},{"key":"10.1006\/nimg.2001.0923_RF6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"747","DOI":"10.1126\/science.280.5364.747","article-title":"Anterior cingulate cortex, error detection, and the online monitoring of performance","volume":"280","author":"Carter","year":"1998","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1006\/nimg.2001.0923_RF7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1944","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.97.4.1944","article-title":"Parsing executive processes: Strategic vs. evaluative functions of the anterior cingulate cortex","volume":"97","author":"Carter","year":"2000","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"10.1006\/nimg.2001.0923_RF8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8728","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.97.15.8728","article-title":"Dissociation or response conflict, attentional selection, and expectancy with functional magnetic resonance imaging","volume":"97","author":"Casey","year":"2000","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"10.1006\/nimg.2001.0923_RF9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.3758\/BF03204507","article-title":"PsyScope: An interactive graphic system for designing and controlling experiments in the psychology laboratory using Macintosh computers","volume":"25","author":"Cohen","year":"1993","journal-title":"Behav. Res. Methods Instrum. Comput."},{"key":"10.1006\/nimg.2001.0923_RF10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1515","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.1996.0138","article-title":"A computational approach to prefrontal cortex, cognitive control and schizophrenia: Recent developments and current challenges","volume":"351","author":"Cohen","year":"1996","journal-title":"Philos. Trans. R. Soc. London Biol."},{"key":"10.1006\/nimg.2001.0923_RF11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1038\/74783","article-title":"Anterior cingulate and prefrontal cortex: Who's in control?","volume":"3","author":"Cohen","year":"2000","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1006\/nimg.2001.0923_RF12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/9.4.307","article-title":"Activity in the parcingulate and cingulate sulci during word generation: An fMRI study of functional anatomy","volume":"9","author":"Crosson","year":"1999","journal-title":"Cereb. Cortex"},{"key":"10.1006\/nimg.2001.0923_RF13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1038\/378279a0","article-title":"The neural basis of the central executive system of working memory","volume":"378","author":"D'Esposito","year":"1995","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1006\/nimg.2001.0923_RF14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-9280.1994.tb00630.x","article-title":"Localization of a neural system for error detection and compensation","volume":"5","author":"Dehaene","year":"1994","journal-title":"Psychol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1006\/nimg.2001.0923_RF15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.ne.18.030195.001205","article-title":"Neural mechanisms of selective visual attention","volume":"18","author":"Desimone","year":"1995","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1006\/nimg.2001.0923_RF16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/118.1.279","article-title":"Contributions of anterior cingulate cortex to behaviour","volume":"118","author":"Devinsky","year":"1995","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"10.1006\/nimg.2001.0923_RF17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.3758\/BF03203267","article-title":"Effects of noise letters upon the identification of a target letter in a nonsearch task","volume":"16","author":"Eriksen","year":"1974","journal-title":"Percept. Psychophys."},{"key":"10.1006\/nimg.2001.0923_RF18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.3758\/BF03198804","article-title":"Information processing in visual search: A continuous flow conception and experimental results","volume":"25","author":"Eriksen","year":"1979","journal-title":"Percept. Psychophys."},{"key":"10.1006\/nimg.2001.0923_RF19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"636","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.1910330508","article-title":"Improved assessment of significant activation in functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI): Use of a cluster-size threshold","volume":"33","author":"Forman","year":"1995","journal-title":"Magn. Reson. Med."},{"key":"10.1006\/nimg.2001.0923_RF20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"516","DOI":"10.1038\/74899","article-title":"Prefrontal\u2013cingulate interactions in action monitoring","volume":"3","author":"Gehring","year":"2000","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1006\/nimg.2001.0923_RF21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.460010305","article-title":"Regional brain activity when selecting a response despite interference: An H215O PET study of the Stroop and an emotional Stroop","volume":"1","author":"George","year":"1994","journal-title":"Hum. Brain Mapp."},{"key":"10.1006\/nimg.2001.0923_RF22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1111\/1469-8986.3720216","article-title":"Error processing and the rostral anterior cingulate: An event-related fMRI study","volume":"37","author":"Kiehl","year":"2000","journal-title":"Psychophysiology"},{"key":"10.1006\/nimg.2001.0923_RF23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"282","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8986.1996.tb00425.x","article-title":"N200 in the flanker task as a neurobehavioral tool for investigating executive control","volume":"33","author":"Kopp","year":"1996","journal-title":"Psychophysiology"},{"key":"10.1006\/nimg.2001.0923_RF24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00419699","article-title":"The way irrelevant dimensions are processed depends on what they overlap with: The case of Stroop- and Simon-like stimuli","volume":"56","author":"Kornblum","year":"1994","journal-title":"Psychol. Res.\/Psychol. Forsch."},{"key":"10.1006\/nimg.2001.0923_RF25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-295X.97.2.253","article-title":"Dimensional overlap: Cognitive basis for stimulus\u2013response compatibility: A model and taxonomy","volume":"97","author":"Kornblum","year":"1990","journal-title":"Psychol. Rev."},{"key":"10.1006\/nimg.2001.0923_RF26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"688","DOI":"10.1037\/0096-1523.25.3.688","article-title":"The effects of irrelevant stimuli. 1. The time course of stimulus\u2013stimulus and stimulus\u2013response consistency effects with Stroop-like stimuli, Simon-like tasks, and their factorial combinations","volume":"25","author":"Kornblum","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Exp. Psychol. Hum. Percept. Perform."},{"key":"10.1006\/nimg.2001.0923_RF27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1037\/0096-1523.20.2.219","article-title":"Stroop process dissociations: The relationship between facilitation and interference","volume":"20","author":"Lindsay","year":"1994","journal-title":"J. Exp. Psychol. Hum. Percept. Perform."},{"key":"10.1006\/nimg.2001.0923_RF28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.3758\/BF03197535","article-title":"When it helps to be misled: Facilitative effects of increasing the frequency of conflicting stimuli in a Stroop-like task","volume":"7","author":"Logan","year":"1979","journal-title":"Memory Cognit."},{"key":"10.1006\/nimg.2001.0923_RF29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1835","DOI":"10.1126\/science.288.5472.1835","article-title":"Dissociating the role of the dorsolateral prefrontal and anterior cingulate cortex in cognitive control","volume":"288","author":"MacDonald","year":"2000","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1006\/nimg.2001.0923_RF30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1038\/35036228","article-title":"The prefrontal cortex and cognitive control","volume":"1","author":"Miller","year":"2000","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1006\/nimg.2001.0923_RF31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.1880050112","article-title":"Spiral K-space MR imaging of cortical activation","volume":"5","author":"Noll","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. Magn. Reson. Imaging"},{"key":"10.1006\/nimg.2001.0923_RF32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"256","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.87.1.256","article-title":"The anterior cingulate cortex mediates processing selection in the Stroop attentional conflict paradigm","volume":"87","author":"Pardo","year":"1990","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"10.1006\/nimg.2001.0923_RF33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R37","DOI":"10.1097\/00001756-199806220-00001","article-title":"Regional differences in the effects of task difficulty and motor output on blood flow response in the human anterior cingulate cortex: A review of 107 PET activation studies","volume":"9","author":"Paus","year":"1998","journal-title":"NeuroReport"},{"key":"10.1006\/nimg.2001.0923_RF34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"585","DOI":"10.1038\/331585a0","article-title":"Positron emission tomographic studies of the cortical anatomy of single-word processing","volume":"331","author":"Petersen","year":"1988","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1006\/nimg.2001.0923_RF35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"342","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/6.3.342","article-title":"Motor areas of the medial wall: A review of their location and functional activation","volume":"6","author":"Picard","year":"1996","journal-title":"Cereb. Cortex"},{"key":"10.1006\/nimg.2001.0923_RF36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.ne.13.030190.000325","article-title":"The attention system of the human brain","volume":"13","author":"Posner","year":"1990","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1006\/nimg.2001.0923_RF37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1657","DOI":"10.1126\/science.283.5408.1657","article-title":"Storage and executive processes in the frontal lobes","volume":"283","author":"Smith","year":"1999","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1006\/nimg.2001.0923_RF38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1006\/nimg.1997.0285","article-title":"Isolation of specific interference processing in the Stroop task: PET activation studies","volume":"6","author":"Taylor","year":"1997","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"key":"10.1006\/nimg.2001.0923_RF39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"727","DOI":"10.3758\/BF03202722","article-title":"Controlling Stroop effects by manipulating expectations for color words","volume":"20","author":"Tzelgov","year":"1992","journal-title":"Memory Cognit."},{"key":"10.1006\/nimg.2001.0923_RF40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"536","DOI":"10.1097\/00004728-199307000-00004","article-title":"Rapid automated algorithm for aligning and reslicing PET images","volume":"17","author":"Woods","year":"1992","journal-title":"J. Comput. Assisted Tomogr."},{"key":"10.1006\/nimg.2001.0923_RF41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"386","DOI":"10.1006\/cogp.1998.0703","article-title":"A parallel distributed processing model of stimulus\u2013stimulus and stimulus\u2013response compatibility","volume":"38","author":"Zhang","year":"1999","journal-title":"Cognit. Psychol."}],"container-title":["NeuroImage"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1053811901909231?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1053811901909231?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,9]],"date-time":"2019-05-09T06:52:36Z","timestamp":1557384756000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1053811901909231"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2001,12]]},"references-count":41,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,12]]}},"alternative-id":["S1053811901909231"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1006\/nimg.2001.0923","relation":{},"ISSN":["1053-8119"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1053-8119","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2001,12]]}}}