{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T22:20:03Z","timestamp":1791325203963,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,2]],"date-time":"2013-01-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1357084800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":5360,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Cell Biology International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1998,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Short\u2010chain carboxylic acids are the metabolic by\u2010products of pathogenic anaerobic bacteria and are found at sites of infection in millimolar quantities. We previously reported that propionic acid, one of the short\u2010chain carboxylic acids, induces an increase in intracellular Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>([Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>]<jats:sub>i<\/jats:sub>) in human neutrophils. Here we investigate the effect of propionic acid on superoxide generation in human neutrophils. Propionic acid (10m<jats:sc>m<\/jats:sc>) induced inositol 1,4,5\u2010trisphosphate (IP<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>) formation and a rapidly transient increase in [Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>]<jats:sub>i<\/jats:sub>, but not superoxide generation, whereas 1\u03bc<jats:sc>m<\/jats:sc> formylmethionyl\u2010leucyl\u2010phenylalanine (fMLP), a widely used neutrophil\u2010stimulating bacterial peptide, stimulated not only IP<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>formation and Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>mobilization but also superoxide generation. The IP<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>level induced by propionic acid was slightly lower than that induced by fMLP. The transient increase in [Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>]<jats:sub>i<\/jats:sub>induced by propionic acid immediately returned to the basal level, whereas a sustained increase in [Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>]<jats:sub>i<\/jats:sub>, which was higher than the basal level, following a transient increase in [Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>]<jats:sub>i<\/jats:sub>was induced by fMLP. The peak level induced by propionic acid was lower than that with fMLP. In the absence of extracellular Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>, thapsigargin, a potent inhibitor of endoplasmic reticulum Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\u2010ATPase, induced an increase in [Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>]<jats:sub>i<\/jats:sub>even after propionic acid stimulation, but not after fMLP. The Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>ionophore A23187 and thapsigargin induced superoxide generation by themselves. Propionic acid enhanced the superoxide generating effect of A23187 and thapsigargin. These results suggest that Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>mobilization induced by propionic acid is much weaker than that with fMLP, and propionic acid is able to generate superoxide in the presence of a Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>ionophore and a Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>influx activator.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1006\/cbir.1998.0263","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,10,6]],"date-time":"2002-10-06T22:25:04Z","timestamp":1033943104000},"page":"331-337","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":56,"title":["PROPIONIC ACID STIMULATES SUPEROXIDE GENERATION IN HUMAN NEUTROPHILS"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"SUMI","family":"NAKAO","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"YOSHIKO","family":"MORIYA","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"SHUNSUKE","family":"FURUYAMA","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"RICHARD","family":"NIEDERMAN","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"HIROSHI","family":"SUGIYA","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,2]]},"container-title":["Cell Biology International"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1006%2Fcbir.1998.0263","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1006\/cbir.1998.0263","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,28]],"date-time":"2023-10-28T02:25:46Z","timestamp":1698459946000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1006\/cbir.1998.0263"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1998,5]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1998,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1006\/cbir.1998.0263"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1006\/cbir.1998.0263","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1065-6995","1095-8355"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1065-6995","type":"print"},{"value":"1095-8355","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1998,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2013-01-02","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}