{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,3]],"date-time":"2026-10-03T07:06:38Z","timestamp":1791011198502,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1999,2,1]],"date-time":"1999-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":917827200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Environmental Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1999,2]]},"DOI":"10.1006\/enrs.1998.3896","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,9,16]],"date-time":"2002-09-16T15:46:35Z","timestamp":1032191195000},"page":"187-195","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":47,"title":["Evaluation of Biomarkers of Environmental Exposures: Urinary Haloacetic Acids Associated with Ingestion of Chlorinated Drinking Water"],"prefix":"10.1006","volume":"80","author":[{"given":"Hekap","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patricia","family":"Haltmeier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Judith B.","family":"Klotz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Clifford P.","family":"Weisel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1006\/enrs.1998.3896_RF1","series-title":"Biological Monitoring Methods for Industrial Chemicals","author":"Baselt","year":"1980"},{"key":"10.1006\/enrs.1998.3896_RF2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"850","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a117521","article-title":"Public drinking water contamination and birth outcomes","volume":"141","author":"Bove","year":"1995","journal-title":"Am. J. Epidemiol."},{"key":"10.1006\/enrs.1998.3896_RF3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9673(01)91772-8","article-title":"Gas chromatographic determination of chloral hydrate, trichloroethylene and trichloroacetic acid in blood and in urine employing head-space analysis","volume":"88","author":"Breimer","year":"1974","journal-title":"J. Chromatogr."},{"key":"10.1006\/enrs.1998.3896_RF4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1016\/0300-483X(90)90195-M","article-title":"Liver tumor induction in B6C3F1 mice by dichloroacetate and trichloroacetate","volume":"63","author":"Bull","year":"1990","journal-title":"Toxicology"},{"key":"10.1006\/enrs.1998.3896_RF5","first-page":"1269","article-title":"Bladder cancer, drinking water source, and tap water consumption: A case-control study","volume":"79","author":"Cantor","year":"1987","journal-title":"J. Natl. Cancer Inst."},{"key":"10.1006\/enrs.1998.3896_RF6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1551-8833.1998.tb08418.x","article-title":"Concentration changes of halogenated disinfection by- products in a drinking water distribution system","volume":"90","author":"Chen","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Am. Water Works Assoc."},{"key":"10.1006\/enrs.1998.3896_RF7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"795","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-2952(63)90109-6","article-title":"The metabolism of36","volume":"12","author":"Daniel","year":"1963","journal-title":"Biochem. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1006\/enrs.1998.3896_RF8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1016\/0272-0590(91)90118-N","article-title":"The carcinogenicity of dichloroacetic acid in the male B6C3F1 mouse","volume":"16","author":"DeAngelo","year":"1991","journal-title":"Fundam. Appl. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1006\/enrs.1998.3896_RF9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2021","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-2952(84)90568-9","article-title":"Novel metabolites of trichloroethylene through dechlorination reactions in mice and humans","volume":"33","author":"Dekant","year":"1984","journal-title":"Biochem. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1006\/enrs.1998.3896_RF10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1016\/0041-008X(87)90325-5","article-title":"The carcinogenicity of trichloroethylene and its metabolites, trichloroacetic acid and dichloroacetic acid in mouse liver","volume":"90","author":"Herren-Freund","year":"1987","journal-title":"Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1006\/enrs.1998.3896_RF11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1002\/bmc.1130080604","article-title":"Determination of chloral hydrate and its metabolites (trichloroethanol and trichloroacetic acid) in human plasma and urine using electron capture gas chromatography","volume":"8","author":"Humbert","year":"1994","journal-title":"Biomed. Chromatogr."},{"key":"10.1006\/enrs.1998.3896_RF12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"843","DOI":"10.1097\/00004032-196606000-00014","article-title":"Creatinine in urine as an index of urinary excretion rate","volume":"12","author":"Jackson","year":"1966","journal-title":"Health Phys."},{"key":"10.1006\/enrs.1998.3896_RF13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.824663","article-title":"Reaction products of aquatic humic substances with chlorine","volume":"46","author":"Johnson","year":"1982","journal-title":"Environ. Health Perspect."},{"key":"10.1006\/enrs.1998.3896_RF14","unstructured":"Kim, H. 1997, Human Exposure to Dichloroacetic Acid and Trichloroacetic Acid from Chlorinated Water During Household Use and Swimming, The State University of New Jersey and University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey"},{"key":"10.1006\/enrs.1998.3896_RF15","first-page":"555","article-title":"Dermal absorption of dichloro- and trichloroacetic acids from chlorinated water","volume":"8","author":"Kim","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Exp. Anal. and Environ. Epidemiol."},{"key":"10.1006\/enrs.1998.3896_RF16","unstructured":"Klotz, J. B. Pyrch, L. A. 1997, A Case Control Study of Neural Tube Defects and Drinking Water Disinfection By Product Contaminants, U.S. Dept. of Health and Human Services, ATSDR, Atlanta"},{"key":"10.1006\/enrs.1998.3896_RF17","first-page":"07","article-title":"The association of waterborne chloroform with intrauterine growth retardation","volume":"5","author":"Kramer","year":"1992","journal-title":"Epidemiology"},{"key":"10.1006\/enrs.1998.3896_RF18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1551-8833.1989.tb03258.x","article-title":"The occurrence of disinfection by-products in US drinking water","volume":"81","author":"Krasner","year":"1989","journal-title":"J. Am. Water Works Assoc."},{"key":"10.1006\/enrs.1998.3896_RF19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.1016\/0041-008X(92)90332-M","article-title":"Metabolism and lipoperoxidative activity of trichloroacetate and dichloroacetate in rats and mice","volume":"115","author":"Larson","year":"1992","journal-title":"Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1006\/enrs.1998.3896_RF20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1002\/jps.2600690415","article-title":"Biological disposition of sodium dichloroacetate in animals and humans after intravenous administration","volume":"69","author":"Lukas","year":"1980","journal-title":"J. Pharmacol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1006\/enrs.1998.3896_RF21","first-page":"1","article-title":"Absorption, excretion and metabolic fate of chloral hydrate and trichloroethanol","volume":"95","author":"Marshall","year":"1954","journal-title":"Bull. Johns Hopkins Hosp."},{"key":"10.1006\/enrs.1998.3896_RF22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1016\/0300-483X(90)90100-U","article-title":"Subchronic 90 day toxicity of dichloroacetic and trichloroacetic acid in rats","volume":"64","author":"Mather","year":"1990","journal-title":"Toxicology"},{"key":"10.1006\/enrs.1998.3896_RF23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"492","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a116883","article-title":"Case-control study of bladder cancer and water disinfection methods in Colorado","volume":"138","author":"McGeehin","year":"1993","journal-title":"Am. J. Epidemiol."},{"key":"10.1006\/enrs.1998.3896_RF24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1021\/es00109a006","article-title":"Characterization of nonvolatile chlorination products of humic substances","volume":"17","author":"Miller","year":"1983","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1006\/enrs.1998.3896_RF25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"394","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01610150","article-title":"In vivo formation of halogenated reaction products following peroral sodium hypochlorite","volume":"30","author":"Mink","year":"1983","journal-title":"Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1006\/enrs.1998.3896_RF26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1016\/0041-008X(88)90232-3","article-title":"The role of trichloroacetic acid and peroxisome proliferation in the carcinogenicity of perchloroethylene in the mouse and rats","volume":"92","author":"Odum","year":"1988","journal-title":"Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1006\/enrs.1998.3896_RF27","first-page":"320","article-title":"Further studies on the metabolic fate of chloral hydrate and trichloroethanol","volume":"97","author":"Owens","year":"1955","journal-title":"Bull. Johns Hopkins Hosp."},{"key":"10.1006\/enrs.1998.3896_RF28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1021\/ac50052a010","article-title":"Determination of the aqueous chlorination products of humic substances by gas chromatography with microwave emission detection","volume":"52","author":"Quimby","year":"1980","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"key":"10.1006\/enrs.1998.3896_RF29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1097\/00001648-199803000-00005","article-title":"A prospective study of spontaneous abortion: Relation to amount and source of drinking water consumed in early pregnancy","volume":"9","author":"Swan","year":"1988","journal-title":"Epidmiology"},{"key":"10.1006\/enrs.1998.3896_RF30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"524","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1551-8833.1983.tb05213.x","article-title":"Chlorinated acids and chloral in drinking water","volume":"75","author":"Uden","year":"1983","journal-title":"J. AWWA"},{"key":"10.1006\/enrs.1998.3896_RF31","unstructured":"U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA), 1994, National Primary Drinking Water Regulations; Disinfectants and Disinfection Byproducts, EPA811-Z-94-004"},{"key":"10.1006\/enrs.1998.3896_RF32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1171","DOI":"10.1016\/0045-6535(93)90165-2","article-title":"Population exposure to tri- and tetrachloroethene and cancer risk: Two cases of drinking water pollution","volume":"27","author":"Vartianen","year":"1993","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1006\/enrs.1998.3896_RF33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1097\/00001648-199803000-00006","article-title":"Trihalomethanes in drinking water and spontaneous abortion","volume":"9","author":"Waller","year":"1998","journal-title":"Epideimology"},{"key":"10.1006\/enrs.1998.3896_RF34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01622066","article-title":"Human exposure to environmental trichloroethylene and tetrachloro- ethylene: Preliminary data on population groups of Milan, Italy","volume":"26","author":"Ziglio","year":"1981","journal-title":"Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol."}],"container-title":["Environmental Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0013935198938968?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0013935198938968?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,16]],"date-time":"2019-12-16T20:29:23Z","timestamp":1576528163000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0013935198938968"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1999,2]]},"references-count":34,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1999,2]]}},"alternative-id":["S0013935198938968"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1006\/enrs.1998.3896","relation":{},"ISSN":["0013-9351"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0013-9351","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1999,2]]}}}