{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,3]],"date-time":"2025-11-03T08:44:50Z","timestamp":1762159490127},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1998,6,1]],"date-time":"1998-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":896659200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Experimental Neurology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1998,6]]},"DOI":"10.1006\/exnr.1998.6803","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,10,6]],"date-time":"2002-10-06T23:00:46Z","timestamp":1033945246000},"page":"249-264","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":48,"title":["In VivoL-DOPA Production by Genetically Modified Primary Rat Fibroblast or 9L Gliosarcoma Cell Grafts via Coexpression of GTPcyclohydrolase I with Tyrosine Hydroxylase"],"prefix":"10.1006","volume":"151","author":[{"given":"Stuart E.","family":"Leff","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Katherine G.","family":"Rendahl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S.Kaye","family":"Spratt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Un J.","family":"Kang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ronald J.","family":"Mandel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1006\/exnr.1998.6803_EN986803RF1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1006\/exnr.1996.6401","article-title":"Practical aspects of the development of ex vivo and in vivo gene therapy for Parkinson's disease","volume":"144","author":"Bankiewicz","year":"1997","journal-title":"Exp. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1006\/exnr.1998.6803_EN986803RF2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00227330","article-title":"Ibotenic acid lesions of the striatum reduce drug-induced rotation in the 6-hydroxydopamine-lesioned rat","volume":"101","author":"Barker","year":"1994","journal-title":"Exp. Brain Res."},{"key":"10.1006\/exnr.1998.6803_EN986803RF3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4449","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.16-14-04449.1996","article-title":"Double transduction with GTP cyclohydrolase I and tyrosine hydroxylase is necessary for spontaneous synthesis of L-DOPA by primary fibroblasts","volume":"16","author":"Bencsics","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1006\/exnr.1998.6803_EN986803RF4","first-page":"7","article-title":"Rationale for continuous dopaminomimetic therapy of Parkinson's disease","volume":"39","author":"Chase","year":"1989","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1006\/exnr.1998.6803_EN986803RF5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2819","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.15-04-02819.1995","article-title":"Somatic gene transfer of NGF to the aged brain: behavioral and morphological amelioration","volume":"15","author":"Chen","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1006\/exnr.1998.6803_EN986803RF6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"838","DOI":"10.1126\/science.275.5301.838","article-title":"Dopaminergic neurons protected from degeneration by GDNF gene therapy","volume":"275","author":"Choi-Lundberg","year":"1997","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1006\/exnr.1998.6803_EN986803RF7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6460","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.85.17.6460","article-title":"Safe and efficient generation of recombinant retroviruses with amphotropic and ecotropic host ranges","volume":"85","author":"Danos","year":"1988","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"10.1006\/exnr.1998.6803_EN986803RF8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1459","DOI":"10.1089\/hum.1997.8.12-1459","article-title":"Retroviral particles produced from a stable human-derived packaging cell line transduce target cells with very high efficiencies","volume":"8","author":"Davis","year":"1997","journal-title":"Human Gene Ther."},{"key":"10.1006\/exnr.1998.6803_EN986803RF9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1016\/0166-4328(84)90031-7","article-title":"Dopamine-rich transplants in rats with 6-OHDA lesions of the ventral tegmental area: Effects on spontaneous and drug-induced locomotor activity","volume":"13","author":"Dunnett","year":"1984","journal-title":"Behav. Brain Res."},{"key":"10.1006\/exnr.1998.6803_EN986803RF10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1399","DOI":"10.1126\/science.266.5189.1399","article-title":"Long-term behavioral recovery in parkinsonian rats by an HSV vector expressing tyrosine hydroxylase","volume":"266","author":"During","year":"1994","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1006\/exnr.1998.6803_EN986803RF11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1016\/0896-6273(91)90246-V","article-title":"Survival and function of intrastriatally grafted primary fibroblasts genetically modified to produce L-DOPA","volume":"6","author":"Fisher","year":"1991","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"10.1006\/exnr.1998.6803_EN986803RF12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"795","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-4522(87)90159-X","article-title":"Grafting genetically modified cells to the brain: Possibilities for the future","volume":"23","author":"Gage","year":"1987","journal-title":"Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1006\/exnr.1998.6803_EN986803RF13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5547","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.89.12.5547","article-title":"Tight control of gene expression in mammalian cells by tetracycline-responsive promoters","volume":"89","author":"Gossen","year":"1992","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"10.1006\/exnr.1998.6803_EN986803RF14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1042\/bj3020215","article-title":"Human GTP cyclohydrolase I: Only one out of three cDNA isoforms gives rise to the active enzyme","volume":"302","author":"Gutlich","year":"1994","journal-title":"Biochem. J."},{"key":"10.1006\/exnr.1998.6803_EN986803RF15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1291","DOI":"10.1089\/hum.1995.6.10-1291","article-title":"Interferon-gamma inhibits transgene expression drive by SV40 or CMV promoters but augments expression driven by the mammalian MHC I promoter","volume":"6","author":"Harms","year":"1995","journal-title":"Hum. Gene Ther."},{"key":"10.1006\/exnr.1998.6803_EN986803RF16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9568.1990.tb00389.x","article-title":"Behavioural effect of engineered cells that synthesize L-DOPA or dopamine after grafting into the rat neostriatum","volume":"2","author":"Horellou","year":"1990","journal-title":"Eur. J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1006\/exnr.1998.6803_EN986803RF17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1097\/00001756-199412300-00014","article-title":"Direct intracerebral gene transfer of an adenoviral vector expressing tyrosine hydroxylase in a rat model of Parkinson's disease","volume":"6","author":"Horellou","year":"1994","journal-title":"NeuroReport"},{"key":"10.1006\/exnr.1998.6803_EN986803RF18","first-page":"63","article-title":"Transplantation of cells genetically modified and direct intracerebral gene transfer with an adenoviral vector expressing tyrosine hydroxylase in a rat model of parkinson's disease","volume":"8","author":"Horellou","year":"1995","journal-title":"Restor. Neurol. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1006\/exnr.1998.6803_EN986803RF19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1016\/S0076-6879(80)70044-7","article-title":"Production of reagent antibodies","volume":"70","author":"Hurn","year":"1980","journal-title":"Methods Enzymol."},{"key":"10.1006\/exnr.1998.6803_EN986803RF20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"856","DOI":"10.1126\/science.7638605","article-title":"Behavioral effects and gene delivery in a rat model of Parkinson's disease","volume":"269","author":"Isacson","year":"1995","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1006\/exnr.1998.6803_EN986803RF21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1038\/ng1094-148","article-title":"Long term gene expression and phenotypic correction using adeno associated virus vectors in the mammalian brain","volume":"8","author":"Kaplitt","year":"1994","journal-title":"Nat. Genet."},{"key":"10.1006\/exnr.1998.6803_EN986803RF22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"695","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.903070414","article-title":"Intracerebral grafting of cultured autologous skin fibroblasts into the rat striatum: An assessment of graft size and ultrastructure","volume":"307","author":"Kawaja","year":"1991","journal-title":"J. Comp. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1006\/exnr.1998.6803_EN986803RF23","series-title":"Experimental Design: Procedures for the Behavioral Sciences","author":"Kirk","year":"1968"},{"key":"10.1006\/exnr.1998.6803_EN986803RF24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.1016\/0197-0186(95)00124-7","article-title":"Tetrahydrobiopterin biosynthesis in the rat brain: heterogeneity of GTP cyclohydrolase i mRNA expression in monoamine-containing neurons","volume":"28","author":"Lentz","year":"1996","journal-title":"Neurochem. Int."},{"key":"10.1006\/exnr.1998.6803_EN986803RF25","first-page":"12592","article-title":"The regional distribution of hydroxylase cofactor in rat brain","volume":"13107","author":"Levine","year":"1979","journal-title":"J. Neurochem."},{"key":"10.1006\/exnr.1998.6803_EN986803RF26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"919","DOI":"10.1126\/science.6117945","article-title":"Tetrahydrobiopterin in striatum: Localization in dopamine nerve terminals and role in catecholamine synthesis","volume":"214","author":"Levine","year":"1981","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1006\/exnr.1998.6803_EN986803RF27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1006\/exnr.1996.0079","article-title":"Generation of DOPA-producing astrocytes by retroviral transduction of the human tyrosine hydroxylase gene:","volume":"139","author":"Lundberg","year":"1996","journal-title":"Exp. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1006\/exnr.1998.6803_EN986803RF28","first-page":"167","article-title":"Bioactivity of syngeneic rat fibroblasts genetically modified to express human nerve growth factor as demonstrated by enhanced survival of medial septal cholinergic neurons after fimbria-fornix transection","volume":"135","author":"Mandel","year":"1995","journal-title":"Exp. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1006\/exnr.1998.6803_EN986803RF29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1126\/science.272.5259.263","article-title":"In vivo gene delivery and stable transduction of nondividing cells by a lentiviral vector","volume":"272","author":"Naldini","year":"1996","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1006\/exnr.1998.6803_EN986803RF30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1016\/0958-1669(92)90083-U","article-title":"Retroviral vectors for persistent expression in vivo","volume":"3","author":"Naviaux","year":"1992","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Biotech."},{"key":"10.1006\/exnr.1998.6803_EN986803RF31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"729","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.bi.54.070185.003501","article-title":"Biosynthesis and metabolism of tetrahydrobiopterin and molybdopterin","volume":"54","author":"Nichol","year":"1985","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Biochem."},{"key":"10.1006\/exnr.1998.6803_EN986803RF32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3346","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.93.8.3346","article-title":"Ecdysone-inducible gene expression in mammalian cells and transgenic mice","volume":"93","author":"No","year":"1996","journal-title":"Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"10.1006\/exnr.1998.6803_EN986803RF33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"889","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9568.1994.tb00584.x","article-title":"The role of pulsatile versus continuous dopamine receptor stimulation for functional recovery in parkinson's disease","volume":"6","author":"Obeso","year":"1994","journal-title":"Eur. J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1006\/exnr.1998.6803_EN986803RF34","series-title":"The Rat Brain in Stereotaxic Coordinates","author":"Paxinos","year":"1987"},{"key":"10.1006\/exnr.1998.6803_EN986803RF35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2019","DOI":"10.1089\/hum.1997.8.17-2019","article-title":"Promoter attenuation in gene therapy: interferon-\u03be and tumor necrosis factor-\u03b1 inhibit transgene expression","volume":"8","author":"Qin","year":"1997","journal-title":"Hum. Gene Ther."},{"key":"10.1006\/exnr.1998.6803_EN986803RF36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1028","DOI":"10.1038\/nm0996-1028","article-title":"A humanized system for pharmacologic control of gene expression","volume":"2","author":"Rivera","year":"1996","journal-title":"Nature Med."},{"key":"10.1006\/exnr.1998.6803_EN986803RF37","first-page":"19","article-title":"Intracerebral grafting of neuronal cell suspensions III. Activity of intrastriatal nigral suspension implants as assessed by measurements of dopamine synthesis and metabolism","volume":"522","author":"Schmidt","year":"1983","journal-title":"Acta Physiol Scand"},{"key":"10.1006\/exnr.1998.6803_EN986803RF38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1545","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.43.8.1545","article-title":"Suppression of dyskinesias in advanced parkinson's disease. 1. Continuous intravenous levodopa shifts dose response for production of dyskinesias but not for relief of parkinsonism in patients with advanced parkinson's disease","volume":"43","author":"Schuh","year":"1993","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1006\/exnr.1998.6803_EN986803RF39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/S0076-6879(83)93031-8","article-title":"Production of antibodies by inoculation into lymph nodes","volume":"93","author":"Sigel","year":"1983","journal-title":"Methods Enzymol."},{"key":"10.1006\/exnr.1998.6803_EN986803RF40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1177\/18.5.315","article-title":"The unlabelled antibody-enzyme method of immunohistochemistry. Preparation and properties of soluble antigen-antibody complex (horseradish peroxidase-antihorseradish peroxidase) and its use in the identification of spirochetes","volume":"18","author":"Sternberger","year":"1970","journal-title":"J. Histochem. Cytochem."},{"key":"10.1006\/exnr.1998.6803_EN986803RF41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"282","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3940(90)90008-W","article-title":"Tetrahydrobiopterin-dependent production of L-dopa in NRK fibroblasts transfected with tyrosine hydroxylase cDNA: Future use for intracerebral grafting","volume":"109","author":"Uchida","year":"1990","journal-title":"Neurosci. Lett."},{"key":"10.1006\/exnr.1998.6803_EN986803RF42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"485","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(70)90187-3","article-title":"Quantitative recording of rotational behavior in rats after 6-hydroxy-dopamine lesions of the nigrostriatal dopamine system","volume":"24","author":"Ungerstedt","year":"1970","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"key":"10.1006\/exnr.1998.6803_EN986803RF43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3189","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)39752-2","article-title":"Tetrahydrobiopterin biosynthetic activities in human macrophages, fibroblasts, THP-1, and T 24 cells","volume":"265","author":"Werner","year":"1990","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1006\/exnr.1998.6803_EN986803RF44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9011","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.86.22.9011","article-title":"Grafting fibroblasts genetically modified to produce L-dopa in a rat model of Parkinson's disease","volume":"86","author":"Wolff","year":"1989","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"10.1006\/exnr.1998.6803_EN986803RF45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"863","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1471-4159.1994.62030863.x","article-title":"The stability of endogenous tyrosine hydroxylase protein in PC-12 cells differs from that expressed in mouse fibroblasts by gene transfer","volume":"62","author":"Wu","year":"1994","journal-title":"J. Neurochem."}],"container-title":["Experimental Neurology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0014488698968030?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0014488698968030?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,3]],"date-time":"2021-05-03T07:18:08Z","timestamp":1620026288000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0014488698968030"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1998,6]]},"references-count":45,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1998,6]]}},"alternative-id":["S0014488698968030"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1006\/exnr.1998.6803","relation":{},"ISSN":["0014-4886"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0014-4886","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1998,6]]}}}