{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T04:14:29Z","timestamp":1791260069566,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1997,10,1]],"date-time":"1997-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":875664000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Human Evolution"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1997,10]]},"DOI":"10.1006\/jhev.1997.0135","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,10,7]],"date-time":"2002-10-07T12:50:20Z","timestamp":1033995020000},"page":"423-447","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Further data about venous channels in South African Plio-Pleistocene hominids"],"prefix":"10.1006","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Jos\u00e9","family":"Braga","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christophe","family":"Boesch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1006\/jhev.1997.0135_BIB1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.1017\/S0140525X00078985","article-title":"The multiple obstacles to encephalization","volume":"13","author":"Abitbol","year":"1990","journal-title":"Behav. Brain Sci."},{"key":"10.1006\/jhev.1997.0135_BIB2","series-title":"Statistical Methods in Medical Research.","author":"Armitage","year":"1994"},{"key":"10.1006\/jhev.1997.0135_BIB3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1006\/jhev.1996.0027","article-title":"A chimpanzee-like tibia from Sterkfontein, South Africa and its implications for the interpretation of bipedalism inAustralopithecus africanus","volume":"30","author":"Berger","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. hum. Evol."},{"key":"10.1006\/jhev.1997.0135_BIB4","first-page":"361","article-title":"Epigenetic variation in the human cranium","volume":"101","author":"Berry","year":"1967","journal-title":"J. Anat."},{"key":"10.1006\/jhev.1997.0135_BIB5","first-page":"108","article-title":"The emissary foramina of the cranium in man and the anthropoids","volume":"65","author":"Boyd","year":"1930","journal-title":"J. Anat."},{"key":"10.1006\/jhev.1997.0135_BIB6","first-page":"113","article-title":"The emissary foramina of the cranium in primates","volume":"69","author":"Boyd","year":"1934","journal-title":"J. Anat."},{"key":"10.1006\/jhev.1997.0135_BIB7","unstructured":"Braga, J. 1995a, D\u00e9finition de certains caract\u00e8res discrets cr\u00e2niens chez Pongo, Gorilla et Pan. Perspectives taxonomiques et phylog\u00e9n\u00e9tiques. University of Bordeaux I"},{"key":"10.1006\/jhev.1997.0135_BIB8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1159\/000156880","article-title":"Emissary canals in the hominoidea and their phylogenetic significance","volume":"65","author":"Braga","year":"1995","journal-title":"Folia Primatol."},{"key":"10.1006\/jhev.1997.0135_BIB9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1016\/0047-2484(87)90002-9","article-title":"The biological and chronological maturation of early hominids","volume":"16","author":"Bromage","year":"1987","journal-title":"J. hum. Evol."},{"key":"10.1006\/jhev.1997.0135_BIB10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.1330910202","article-title":"NewAustralopithecus","volume":"91","author":"Brown","year":"1993","journal-title":"Am. J. phys. Anthrop."},{"key":"10.1006\/jhev.1997.0135_BIB11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7998.1994.tb05260.x","article-title":"Note on the venous drainage of the gorillas (Gorilla gorilla","volume":"233","author":"Cave","year":"1994","journal-title":"J. Zool. Lond."},{"key":"10.1006\/jhev.1997.0135_BIB12","first-page":"46","article-title":"A juvenile cranium and some adult teeth of earlyHomo","volume":"73","author":"Clarke","year":"1977","journal-title":"S. Afr. J. Sci."},{"key":"10.1006\/jhev.1997.0135_BIB13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1126\/science.7624772","article-title":"Sterkfontein Member 2 foot bones of the oldest South African hominid","volume":"269","author":"Clarke","year":"1995","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1006\/jhev.1997.0135_BIB14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"838","DOI":"10.1126\/science.2305255","article-title":"Endocranial features ofAustralopithecus africanus","volume":"247","author":"Conroy","year":"1990","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1006\/jhev.1997.0135_BIB15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1016\/S0887-2171(05)80019-8","article-title":"Normal and variant anatomy of the dural venous sinuses","volume":"15","author":"Cur\u00e9","year":"1994","journal-title":"Semin. Ultrasound, CT, MRI"},{"key":"10.1006\/jhev.1997.0135_BIB16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.1330450304","article-title":"New hominids from East Turkana, Kenya","volume":"45","author":"Day","year":"1976","journal-title":"Am. J. phys. Anthrop."},{"key":"10.1006\/jhev.1997.0135_BIB17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1537\/ase1911.82.31","article-title":"Non-metrical cranial traits in the Hokkaido Ainu and the Northern Japanese of recent times","volume":"82","author":"Dodo","year":"1974","journal-title":"J. Anthropol. Soc. Nipp."},{"key":"10.1006\/jhev.1997.0135_BIB18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.2307\/3001534","article-title":"The assumptions underlying the analysis of variance","volume":"3","author":"Eisenhart","year":"1947","journal-title":"Biometrics"},{"key":"10.1006\/jhev.1997.0135_BIB19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.1330700306","article-title":"Evolution of cranial blood drainage in hominids: enlarged occipital\/marginal sinuses and emissary foramina","volume":"70","author":"Falk","year":"1986","journal-title":"Am. J. phys. Anthrop."},{"key":"10.1006\/jhev.1997.0135_BIB20","first-page":"333, 368","article-title":"Brain evolution inHomo","volume":"13","author":"Falk","year":"1990","journal-title":"Behav. Brain Sci."},{"key":"10.1006\/jhev.1997.0135_BIB21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.1330920107","article-title":"Meningeal arterial patterns in great apes: implications for hominid vascular evolution","volume":"92","author":"Falk","year":"1993","journal-title":"Am. J. phys. Anthrop."},{"key":"10.1006\/jhev.1997.0135_BIB22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"779","DOI":"10.1038\/306779a0","article-title":"The cranial venous sinus system inAustralopithecus afarensis","volume":"306","author":"Falk","year":"1983","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1006\/jhev.1997.0135_BIB23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"591","DOI":"10.1006\/jhev.1995.1077","article-title":"Did more than one species of hominid coexist before 3\u00b70Ma?: Evidence from blooth and teeth","volume":"29","author":"Falk","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. hum. Evol."},{"key":"10.1006\/jhev.1997.0135_BIB24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1017\/S0140525X00079127","article-title":"Upright posture and cranial hemodynamics in humans and other \u201ctall\u201d animals","volume":"13","author":"Hargens","year":"1990","journal-title":"Behav. Brain Sci."},{"key":"10.1006\/jhev.1997.0135_BIB25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.1330920103","article-title":"Body weight prediction in early fossil hominid: towards a taxon-\u201cindependent\u201d approach","volume":"92","author":"Hartwig-Scherer","year":"1993","journal-title":"Am. J. phys. Anthrop."},{"key":"10.1006\/jhev.1997.0135_BIB26","series-title":"Epigenetic Variants of the Human Skull.","author":"Hauser","year":"1989"},{"key":"10.1006\/jhev.1997.0135_BIB27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.1330370203","article-title":"New australopithecine endocast, SK 1585, from Swartkrans, South Africa","volume":"37","author":"Holloway","year":"1972","journal-title":"Am. J. phys. Anthrop."},{"key":"10.1006\/jhev.1997.0135_BIB28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"360","DOI":"10.1017\/S0140525X00079139","article-title":"Falk's radiator hypothesis","volume":"13","author":"Holloway","year":"1990","journal-title":"Behav. Brain Sci."},{"key":"10.1006\/jhev.1997.0135_BIB29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"360","DOI":"10.1017\/S0140525X00079140","article-title":"Welcome light on a hot topic","volume":"13","author":"Jerison","year":"1990","journal-title":"Behav. Brain Sci."},{"key":"10.1006\/jhev.1997.0135_BIB30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1006\/jhev.1996.0021","article-title":"The evolution of body mass and relative brain size in fossil hominids","volume":"30","author":"Kappelman","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. hum. Evol."},{"key":"10.1006\/jhev.1997.0135_BIB31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.1330630302","article-title":"Variation in the pattern of cranial venous sinuses and hominid phylogeny","volume":"63","author":"Kimbel","year":"1984","journal-title":"Am. J. phys. Anthrop."},{"key":"10.1006\/jhev.1997.0135_BIB32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1017\/S0140525X00079152","article-title":"The radiator hypothesis: a theory in \u201cvein\u201d","volume":"13","author":"Kimbel","year":"1990","journal-title":"Behav. Brain Sci."},{"key":"10.1006\/jhev.1997.0135_BIB33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.1038\/368449a0","article-title":"The first skull and other new discoveries ofAustralopithecus afarensis","volume":"368","author":"Kimbel","year":"1994","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1006\/jhev.1997.0135_BIB34","series-title":"Praktische Anatomie","article-title":"Kopf B: Gehirn- und Augensch\u00e4del","author":"Lang","year":"1979"},{"key":"10.1006\/jhev.1997.0135_BIB35","first-page":"11","article-title":"\u00dbber dicke und d\u00fcnne Zonen des Neurocranium,Impressiones gyrorumForamina parietalia","volume":"149","author":"Lang","year":"1981","journal-title":"Anat. Anz."},{"key":"10.1006\/jhev.1997.0135_BIB36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01798872","article-title":"Nerve-vessel relations in the region of the jugular foramen","volume":"5","author":"Lang","year":"1983","journal-title":"Anat. Clinica"},{"key":"10.1006\/jhev.1997.0135_BIB37","first-page":"315","article-title":"\u00dbber die postnatale Entwicklung der transbasalen Sch\u00e4delpforten:Canalis caroticusForamen jugulareCanalis hypoglossalisCanalis condylarisForamen magnum","volume":"153","author":"Lang","year":"1983","journal-title":"Anat. Anz., Jena"},{"key":"10.1006\/jhev.1997.0135_BIB38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.1330350204","article-title":"New australopithecines from East Rudolf, Kenya","volume":"35","author":"Leakey","year":"1971","journal-title":"Am. J. phys. Anthrop."},{"key":"10.1006\/jhev.1997.0135_BIB39","first-page":"146","article-title":"A roentgenographic study of the vascular channels of the skull","volume":"30 (Suppl.)","author":"Lindblom","year":"1936","journal-title":"Acta Radiol."},{"key":"10.1006\/jhev.1997.0135_BIB40","series-title":"Paleodemographic Aspects of the South African Australopithecines.","author":"Mann","year":"1975"},{"key":"10.1006\/jhev.1997.0135_BIB41","unstructured":"Marano, P. A. 1984, Osservazioni critiche alla metodologia di rilevamento e di trattamento statistico dei caratteri non metrici del cranio. Universit\u00e0 La Sapienza, Rome"},{"key":"10.1006\/jhev.1997.0135_BIB42","series-title":"52nd James Arthur Lecture on the Evolution of the Human Brain, 1982","article-title":"Human brain evolution in an ecological context","author":"Martin","year":"1983"},{"key":"10.1006\/jhev.1997.0135_BIB43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1983.59.1.0063","article-title":"Microsurgical anatomy of the viens of the posterior fossa","volume":"59","author":"Matsushima","year":"1983","journal-title":"J. Neurosurg."},{"key":"10.1006\/jhev.1997.0135_BIB44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.an.11.100182.001055","article-title":"The pattern of human evolution; studies on bipedalism, mastication and encephalization","volume":"11","author":"McHenry","year":"1982","journal-title":"Ann. Rev. Anthropol."},{"key":"10.1006\/jhev.1997.0135_BIB45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.1330860402","article-title":"Petite bodies of the \u201crobust\u201d australopithecines","volume":"86","author":"McHenry","year":"1991","journal-title":"Am. J. phys Anthrop."},{"key":"10.1006\/jhev.1997.0135_BIB46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1006\/jhev.1994.1036","article-title":"Behavioral ecological implications of early hominid body size","volume":"27","author":"McHenry","year":"1994","journal-title":"J. hum. Evol."},{"key":"10.1006\/jhev.1997.0135_BIB47","series-title":"Encyclopedia of Statistical Sciences","article-title":"Multiple Comparisons","author":"Miller","year":"1985"},{"key":"10.1006\/jhev.1997.0135_BIB48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1002\/aja.1001690302","article-title":"The early development of the hypoglossal nerve and occipital somites in staged human embryos","volume":"169","author":"O\u2019Rahilly","year":"1984","journal-title":"Am. J. Anat."},{"key":"10.1006\/jhev.1997.0135_BIB49","series-title":"Les Origines Humaines et les Epoques de l\u2019Intelligence","article-title":"Le trac\u00e9 des veines m\u00e9ning\u00e9es moyennes chez l\u2019Australopith\u00e8que","author":"Saban","year":"1978"},{"key":"10.1006\/jhev.1997.0135_BIB50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.3406\/bmsap.1983.3905","article-title":"Les veines m\u00e9ning\u00e9es moyennes des australopith\u00e8ques","volume":"s\u00e9rie XIII","author":"Saban","year":"1983","journal-title":"Bull. M\u00e9m. Soc. Anthropol. Paris t.10"},{"key":"10.1006\/jhev.1997.0135_BIB51","unstructured":"Schepers, G. W. H. 1946, The endocranial casts of the South African ape-men. The South African Fossil Ape-men: the Australopithecinae, Broom, R.Schepers, G. W. H. Transvaal Museum Memoirs"},{"key":"10.1006\/jhev.1997.0135_BIB52","series-title":"Human Physiology","author":"Schmidt","year":"1989"},{"key":"10.1006\/jhev.1997.0135_BIB53","unstructured":"Schmidt, T. 1975, DerCanlis hypoglossi, W\u00fcrzburg"},{"key":"10.1006\/jhev.1997.0135_BIB54","series-title":"Nonparametric Statistics for the Behavioral Sciences","author":"Siegel","year":"1988"},{"key":"10.1006\/jhev.1997.0135_BIB55","series-title":"Atlas d'Anatomie Humaine. Tome 4.","author":"Sobotta","year":"1977"},{"key":"10.1006\/jhev.1997.0135_BIB56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00525059","article-title":"Variations in shape and dimensions of sigmoid groove, venous portion of jugular foramen, jugular fossa, condylar and mastoid foramina classified by age, sex and body size","volume":"140","author":"Solter","year":"1973","journal-title":"Z. Anat. Entwickl.-Gesch."},{"key":"10.1006\/jhev.1997.0135_BIB57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01809041","article-title":"\u00dbber otologisch wichtige Anomalien der Hirnsinus, \u00fcber accessorische Sinus und bedeutendere Venenverbindungen","volume":"58","author":"Streit","year":"1903","journal-title":"Arch. Ohrenheilk."},{"key":"10.1006\/jhev.1997.0135_BIB58","series-title":"Olduvai Gorge. Vol. 2 The Cranium and Maxillary Dentition of Australopithecus (Zinjanthropus) boisei.","author":"Tobias","year":"1967"},{"key":"10.1006\/jhev.1997.0135_BIB59","series-title":"Integrative Paths to the Past: Paleoanthropological Advances in Honor of F. Clark Howell","article-title":"The craniocerebral interface in early hominids","author":"Tobias","year":"1994"},{"key":"10.1006\/jhev.1997.0135_BIB60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.1330760304","article-title":"Evidence for a dual pattern of cranial venous sinuses on the endocranial cast of Taung (Australopithecus africanus","volume":"76","author":"Tobias","year":"1988","journal-title":"Am. J. phys. Anthrop."},{"key":"10.1006\/jhev.1997.0135_BIB61","first-page":"103","article-title":"The human brain in the light of its phylogenetic development","volume":"67","author":"Weidenreich","year":"1948","journal-title":"The Scientific Monthly"},{"key":"10.1006\/jhev.1997.0135_BIB62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1017\/S0140525X0007922X","article-title":"Causes and consequences in the evolution of hominid brain size","volume":"13","author":"Whiten","year":"1990","journal-title":"Behav. Brain Sci."},{"key":"10.1006\/jhev.1997.0135_BIB63","series-title":"Biostatistical Analysis.","author":"Zar","year":"1984"},{"key":"10.1006\/jhev.1997.0135_BIB64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00186829","article-title":"Brain cooling in humans\u2014anatomical considerations","volume":"193","author":"Zenker","year":"1996","journal-title":"Anat. Embryol."}],"container-title":["Journal of Human Evolution"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0047248497901354?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0047248497901354?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,7]],"date-time":"2019-05-07T09:57:20Z","timestamp":1557223040000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0047248497901354"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1997,10]]},"references-count":64,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1997,10]]}},"alternative-id":["S0047248497901354"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1006\/jhev.1997.0135","relation":{},"ISSN":["0047-2484"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0047-2484","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1997,10]]}}}