{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]],"date-time":"2026-09-27T15:01:31Z","timestamp":1790521291964,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":99,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1999,10,1]],"date-time":"1999-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":938736000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Neurobiology of Disease"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1999,10]]},"DOI":"10.1006\/nbdi.1999.0266","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,10,7]],"date-time":"2002-10-07T19:08:06Z","timestamp":1034017686000},"page":"310-320","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Experimental Models of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis"],"prefix":"10.1006","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Jeffrey L.","family":"Elliott","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1006\/nbdi.1999.0266_RF1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1244","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.46.5.1244","volume":"46","year":"1996","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1006\/nbdi.1999.0266_RF2","first-page":"63","article-title":"Studies on a murine form of spontaneous lower motor neuron degeneration\u2014The Wobbler (wr) mouse","volume":"76","author":"Andrews","year":"1974","journal-title":"Am. J. Pathol."},{"key":"10.1006\/nbdi.1999.0266_RF3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1016\/S0306-4522(97)00329-1","article-title":"Differential vulnerability of autonomic and somatic motor neurons to N-methyl-d-aspartate-induced excitotoxicity","volume":"83","author":"Annis","year":"1998","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"10.1006\/nbdi.1999.0266_RF4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8842","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.94.16.8842","article-title":"A calcium responsive element that regulates expression of two calcium binding proteins in Purkinje cells","volume":"94","author":"Arnold","year":"1997","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"10.1006\/nbdi.1999.0266_RF5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(00)80979-4","article-title":"Aberrant RNA splicing in sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis","volume":"20","author":"Bai","year":"1998","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"10.1006\/nbdi.1999.0266_RF6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1006\/exnr.1998.6984","article-title":"Beneficial effects of lysine acetylsalicylate, a soluble salt of aspirin, on motor performance in a transgenic model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis","volume":"155","author":"Barneoud","year":"1999","journal-title":"Exp. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1006\/nbdi.1999.0266_RF7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1427","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.52.7.1427","volume":"52","year":"1999","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1006\/nbdi.1999.0266_RF8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"719","DOI":"10.1097\/00005072-199907000-00006","article-title":"Pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) protects motor neurons from chronic glutamate-mediated neurodegeneration","volume":"58","author":"Bilak","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Neuropath. Exp. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1006\/nbdi.1999.0266_RF9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"583","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.51.2.583","article-title":"A placebo-controlled trial of insulin-like growth factor-I in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis","volume":"51","author":"Borasio","year":"1998","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1006\/nbdi.1999.0266_RF10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(00)80272-X","article-title":"ALS-linked SOD1 mutant G85R mediates damage to astrocytes and promotes rapidly progressive disease with SOD1-containing inclusions","volume":"18","author":"Bruijn","year":"1997","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"10.1006\/nbdi.1999.0266_RF11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1851","DOI":"10.1126\/science.281.5384.1851","article-title":"Aggregation and motor neuron toxicity of an ALS-linked SOD1 mutant independent from wild-type SOD1","volume":"281","author":"Bruijn","year":"1998","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1006\/nbdi.1999.0266_RF12","first-page":"29131","article-title":"The mouse mutation progressive motor neuronopathy (pmn) maps to chromosome 13","author":"Brunialti","year":"1995","journal-title":"Genomics"},{"key":"10.1006\/nbdi.1999.0266_RF13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"775","DOI":"10.1097\/00001756-199803300-00001","article-title":"Glutamate uptake is decreased tardively in the spinal cord of FALS mice","volume":"9","author":"Canton","year":"1998","journal-title":"NeuroReport"},{"key":"10.1006\/nbdi.1999.0266_RF14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00293010","article-title":"Neuromuscular degeneration (nmd): A mutation on mouse chromosome 19 that causes motor neuron degeneration","volume":"6","author":"Cook","year":"1995","journal-title":"Mammal. Genome"},{"key":"10.1006\/nbdi.1999.0266_RF15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(93)90158-M","article-title":"Progressive neuronopathy in transgenic mice expressing the human neurofilament heavy gene: A mouse model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis","volume":"73","author":"Cote","year":"1993","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1006\/nbdi.1999.0266_RF16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9626","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.95.16.9626","article-title":"Protective effect of neurofilament heavy gene overexpression in motor neuron disease induced by mutant superoxide dismutase","volume":"95","author":"Couillard-Despres","year":"1998","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"10.1006\/nbdi.1999.0266_RF17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1327","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(00)80652-2","article-title":"Identification of the mouse neuromuscular degeneration gene and mapping of a second site suppressor allele","volume":"21","author":"Cox","year":"1998","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"10.1006\/nbdi.1999.0266_RF18","first-page":"1271","article-title":"Development of central nervous system pathology in a murine transgenic model of human amyotrophic lateral sclerosis","volume":"145","author":"Dal Canto","year":"1994","journal-title":"Am. J. Pathol."},{"key":"10.1006\/nbdi.1999.0266_RF19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(00)80173-7","article-title":"Bax is required for neuronal death after trophic factor deprivation and during development","volume":"17","author":"Deckwirth","year":"1996","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"10.1006\/nbdi.1999.0266_RF20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01271292","article-title":"Effects of NMDA and its antagonists on ventral horn cholinergic neurons in organotypic roller tube spinal cord cultures","volume":"104","author":"Delfs","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Neural. Trans."},{"key":"10.1006\/nbdi.1999.0266_RF21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9434","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.94.17.9434","article-title":"Carboxyfullerenes as neuroprotective agents","volume":"94","author":"Dugan","year":"1997","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"10.1006\/nbdi.1999.0266_RF22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S47","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.47.4_Suppl_2.47S","article-title":"Motor neuron growth factors","volume":"47","author":"Elliott","year":"1996","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1006\/nbdi.1999.0266_RF23","first-page":"478","article-title":"Generation of transgenic mice expressing mutant G86R Cu\/Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD1) limited to astrocytes","volume":"24","author":"Elliott","year":"1998","journal-title":"Soc. Neurosci. Abs."},{"key":"10.1006\/nbdi.1999.0266_RF24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1038\/40299","article-title":"Inhibition of ICE slows ALS in mice","volume":"388","author":"Friedlander","year":"1997","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1006\/nbdi.1999.0266_RF25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1044","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.15-02-01044.1995","article-title":"BDNF and NT-4\/5 exert neurotrophic influences on injured adult spinal motoneurons","volume":"15","author":"Friedman","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1006\/nbdi.1999.0266_RF26","first-page":"2019","article-title":"Genes associated with apoptosis are expressed by dying motoneurons after neonatal axotomy","volume":"21","author":"Gerfen","year":"1995","journal-title":"Soc. Neurosci. Abs."},{"key":"10.1006\/nbdi.1999.0266_RF27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410390203","article-title":"Benefit of vitamin E, riluzole, and gabapentin in a transgenic model of familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis","volume":"39","author":"Gurney","year":"1996","journal-title":"Ann. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1006\/nbdi.1999.0266_RF28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1772","DOI":"10.1126\/science.8209258","article-title":"Motor neuron degeneration in mice that express a human Cu,Zn superoxide dismutase mutation","volume":"264","author":"Gurney","year":"1994","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1006\/nbdi.1999.0266_RF29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.1038\/nm0497-429","article-title":"Gene therapy of murine motor neuron disease using adenoviral vectors for neurotrophic factors","volume":"3","author":"Haase","year":"1997","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"10.1006\/nbdi.1999.0266_RF30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1098-1136(199807)23:3<249::AID-GLIA7>3.0.CO;2-#","article-title":"Relationship of microglial and astrocytic activation to disease onset in a transgenic model of familial ALS","volume":"23","author":"Hall","year":"1998","journal-title":"Glia"},{"key":"10.1006\/nbdi.1999.0266_RF31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7361","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.18-18-07361.1998","article-title":"Cyclic AMP elevation is sufficient to promote the survival of spinal motor neurons in vivo","volume":"18","author":"Hanson","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1006\/nbdi.1999.0266_RF32","first-page":"A166","article-title":"Glutamate transporter EAAT-2 splice variants are not specific to ALS, but are present in normal and Alzheimer disease brains","volume":"52","author":"Honig","year":"1999","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1006\/nbdi.1999.0266_RF33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1548","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9568.1997.tb01511.x","article-title":"The copper chelator d-penicillamine delays onset of disease and extends survival in a transgenic mouse model of familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis","volume":"9","author":"Hottinger","year":"1997","journal-title":"Eur. J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1006\/nbdi.1999.0266_RF34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1016\/0888-7543(92)90199-3","article-title":"Wobbler, a mutation affecting motoneuron survival and gonadal functions in the mouse, maps to proximal chromosome 11","volume":"13","author":"Kaupmann","year":"1992","journal-title":"Genomics"},{"key":"10.1006\/nbdi.1999.0266_RF35","first-page":"47","article-title":"Life extension in a transgenic mouse model of familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis by genetically mediated copper deprivation","volume":"25","author":"Kiaei","year":"1999","journal-title":"Soc. Neurosci. Abs."},{"key":"10.1006\/nbdi.1999.0266_RF36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1038\/6568","article-title":"Neuroprotective effects of creatine in a transgenic animal model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis","volume":"5","author":"Klivenyi","year":"1999","journal-title":"Natl. Med."},{"key":"10.1006\/nbdi.1999.0266_RF37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"573","DOI":"10.1126\/science.7725105","article-title":"Potentiated necrosis of cultured cortical neurons by neurotrophins","volume":"268","author":"Koh","year":"1995","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1006\/nbdi.1999.0266_RF38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3304","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.91.8.3304","article-title":"Neurotrophin 4\/5 is a trophic factor for mammalian facial motor neurons","volume":"91","author":"Koliatsos","year":"1994","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"10.1006\/nbdi.1999.0266_RF39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.1126\/science.277.5325.559","article-title":"Bcl-2: Prolonging life in a transgenic mouse model of familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis","volume":"277","author":"Kostic","year":"1997","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1006\/nbdi.1999.0266_RF40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1425","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(96)91680-3","article-title":"Dose-ranging study of riluzole in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis","volume":"347","author":"Lacomblez","year":"1996","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1006\/nbdi.1999.0266_RF41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1621","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.49.6.1621","article-title":"Effect of recombinant human insulin-like growth factor-I on progression of ALS. A placebo-controlled study","volume":"49","author":"Lai","year":"1997","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1006\/nbdi.1999.0266_RF42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"975","DOI":"10.1016\/0896-6273(94)90263-1","article-title":"A mutant neurofilament subunit causes massive selective motor neuron death: Implications for the pathogenesis of human motor neuron disease","volume":"13","author":"Lee","year":"1994","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"10.1006\/nbdi.1999.0266_RF43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/112.2.521","article-title":"Cytoskeletal abnormalities in motor neuron disease: An immunocytochemical study","volume":"112","author":"Leigh","year":"1989","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"10.1006\/nbdi.1999.0266_RF44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"759","DOI":"10.1002\/neu.480250702","article-title":"Neurotrophic agents prevent motoneuron death following sciatic nerve section in the neonatal mouse","volume":"25","author":"Li","year":"1994","journal-title":"J. Neurobiol."},{"key":"10.1006\/nbdi.1999.0266_RF45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9771","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.92.21.9771","article-title":"Rescue to adult mouse motoneurons from injury-induced cell death by glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor","volume":"92","author":"Li","year":"1995","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"10.1006\/nbdi.1999.0266_RF46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"589","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(00)80997-6","article-title":"Aberrant RNA processing in a neurodegenerative disease: The cause for absent EAAT2, a glutamate transporter, in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis","volume":"20","author":"Lin","year":"1998","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"10.1006\/nbdi.1999.0266_RF47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"459","DOI":"10.1097\/00005072-199905000-00005","article-title":"Neuronal death in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is apoptosis: Possible contribution of a programmed cell death mechanism","volume":"58","author":"Martin","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Neuropathol. Exp. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1006\/nbdi.1999.0266_RF48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"737","DOI":"10.1016\/0896-6273(92)90094-T","article-title":"Cholinergic differentiation factor (CDF\/LIF) promotes survival of isolated rat embryonic motoneurons in vivo","volume":"8","author":"Martinou","year":"1992","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"10.1006\/nbdi.1999.0266_RF49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.3109\/01677068609106858","article-title":"Autosomal dominance in a late-onset motor neuron disease in the mouse","volume":"3","author":"Messer","year":"1986","journal-title":"J. Neurogenet."},{"key":"10.1006\/nbdi.1999.0266_RF50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.3109\/01677068709102341","article-title":"Histopathology of the late-onset motor neuron degeneration (Mnd) mutant in the mouse","volume":"4","author":"Messer","year":"1987","journal-title":"J. Neurogenet."},{"key":"10.1006\/nbdi.1999.0266_RF51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"797","DOI":"10.1016\/0888-7543(92)90155-L","article-title":"Mapping of the motor neuron degeneration (Mnd) gene, a mouse model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)","volume":"14","author":"Messer","year":"1992","journal-title":"Genomics"},{"key":"10.1006\/nbdi.1999.0266_RF52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"637","DOI":"10.1006\/exer.1993.1169","article-title":"Retinal degeneration in motor neuron degeneration (mnd) mutant mice","volume":"57","author":"Messer","year":"1993","journal-title":"Exp. Eye. Res."},{"key":"10.1006\/nbdi.1999.0266_RF53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1383","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.47.6.1383","article-title":"Placebo-controlled trial of gabapentin in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis","volume":"47","author":"Miller","year":"1996","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1006\/nbdi.1999.0266_RF54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"256","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410390215","article-title":"A placebo-controlled trial of recombinant human ciliary neurotrophic factor (rhCNTF) in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis","volume":"39","author":"Miller","year":"1996","journal-title":"Ann. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1006\/nbdi.1999.0266_RF55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"811","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/105.4.811","article-title":"Murine motor neuron disease (the Wobbler mouse). Degeneration and regeneration of the lower motor neuron","volume":"105","author":"Mitsumoto","year":"1982","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"10.1006\/nbdi.1999.0266_RF56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410360205","article-title":"The effects of ciliary neurotrophic factor on motor dysfunction in wobbler mouse motor neuron disease","volume":"36","author":"Mitsumoto","year":"1994","journal-title":"Ann. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1006\/nbdi.1999.0266_RF57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1107","DOI":"10.1126\/science.8066451","article-title":"Arrest of motor neuron disease in wobbler mice cotreated with CNTF and BDNF","volume":"265","author":"Mitsumoto","year":"1994","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1006\/nbdi.1999.0266_RF58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410400307","article-title":"Altered expression of bcl-2 and bax in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis spinal cord motor neurons","volume":"40","author":"Mu","year":"1996","journal-title":"Ann. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1006\/nbdi.1999.0266_RF59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3940(98)00158-X","article-title":"Identification of alternative splicing forms of GLT-1 mRNA in the spinal cord of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients","volume":"244","author":"Nagai","year":"1998","journal-title":"Neurosci. Lett."},{"key":"10.1006\/nbdi.1999.0266_RF60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"336","DOI":"10.1002\/jnr.490380312","article-title":"Reactive astrocytes are widespread in the cortical gray matter of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis","volume":"38","author":"Nagy","year":"1994","journal-title":"J. Neurosci. Res."},{"key":"10.1006\/nbdi.1999.0266_RF61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"765","DOI":"10.1016\/S0306-4522(96)00665-3","article-title":"Brain-derived neurotrophic factor promotes axonal regeneration and long-term survival of adult rat spinal motorneurons in vivo","volume":"79","author":"Novikov","year":"1997","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"10.1006\/nbdi.1999.0266_RF62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.1038\/373344a0","article-title":"Developing motor neurons rescued from programmed and axotomy-induced cell death by GDNF","volume":"373","author":"Oppenheim","year":"1995","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1006\/nbdi.1999.0266_RF63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"446","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410240314","article-title":"The neuroexcitotoxic amino acids glutamate and aspartate are altered in the spinal cords and brains in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis","volume":"24","author":"Plaitakis","year":"1988","journal-title":"Ann. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1006\/nbdi.1999.0266_RF64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"532","DOI":"10.1006\/mcne.1995.0005","article-title":"Accelerated and widespread neuronal loss occurs in motor neuron degeneration (mnd) mice expressing a neurofilament-disrupting transgene","volume":"6","author":"Plummer","year":"1995","journal-title":"Mol. Cell. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1006\/nbdi.1999.0266_RF65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1038\/ng0596-43","article-title":"Motor neurons in Cu\/Zn superoxide dismutase-deficient mice develop normally but exhibit enhanced cell death after axonal injury","volume":"13","author":"Reaume","year":"1996","journal-title":"Nat. Genet."},{"key":"10.1006\/nbdi.1999.0266_RF66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"689","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.92.3.689","article-title":"Transgenic mice expressing an altered murine superoxide dismutase gene provide an animal model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis","volume":"92","author":"Ripps","year":"1995","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"10.1006\/nbdi.1999.0266_RF67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1038\/362059a0","article-title":"Mutations in Cu\/Zn superoxide dismutase gene are associated with familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis","volume":"362","author":"Rosen","year":"1993","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1006\/nbdi.1999.0266_RF68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1464","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199205283262204","article-title":"Decreased glutamate transport by the brain and spinal cord in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis","volume":"326","author":"Rothstein","year":"1992","journal-title":"N. Eng. J. Med."},{"key":"10.1006\/nbdi.1999.0266_RF69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6591","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.90.14.6591","article-title":"Chronic inhibition of glutamate uptake produces a model of slow neurotoxicity","volume":"90","author":"Rothstein","year":"1993","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"10.1006\/nbdi.1999.0266_RF70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4155","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.91.10.4155","article-title":"Chronic inhibition of superoxide dismutase produces apoptotic death of spinal neurons","volume":"91","author":"Rothstein","year":"1994","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"10.1006\/nbdi.1999.0266_RF71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"643","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1471-4159.1995.65020643.x","article-title":"Neuroprotective strategies in a model of chronic glutamate-mediated motor neuron toxicity","volume":"65","author":"Rothstein","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. Neurochem."},{"key":"10.1006\/nbdi.1999.0266_RF72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410380114","article-title":"Selective loss of glial glutamate transporter GLT-1 in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis","author":"Rothstein","year":"1995","journal-title":"Ann. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1006\/nbdi.1999.0266_RF73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"675","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(00)80086-0","article-title":"Knockout of glutamate transporters reveals a major role for astroglial transport in excitotoxicity and clearance of glutamate","volume":"16","author":"Rothstein","year":"1996","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"10.1006\/nbdi.1999.0266_RF74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410390119","article-title":"SOD1 mutation is associated with accumulation of neurofilaments in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis","volume":"39","author":"Rouleau","year":"1996","journal-title":"Ann. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1006\/nbdi.1999.0266_RF75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1313","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9568.1995.tb01122.x","article-title":"Polymer encapsulated cell lines genetically engineered to release ciliary neurotrophic factor can slow down progressive motor neuonopathy in the mouse","volume":"7","author":"Sagot","year":"1995","journal-title":"Eur. J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1006\/nbdi.1999.0266_RF76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2335","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.16-07-02335.1996","article-title":"GDNF slows loss of motorneurons but not axonal degeneration or premature death of pmn\/pmn mice","volume":"16","author":"Sagot","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1006\/nbdi.1999.0266_RF77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1132","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.18-03-01132.1998","article-title":"Differential effects of neurotrophic factors on motoneuron retrograde labeling in a murine model of motor neuron disease","volume":"18","author":"Sagot","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1006\/nbdi.1999.0266_RF78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"252","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.902240206","article-title":"Motoneuron death after sciatic nerve section in newborn rats","volume":"224","author":"Schmalbruch","year":"1984","journal-title":"J. Comp. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1006\/nbdi.1999.0266_RF79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1097\/00005072-199105000-00002","article-title":"A new mouse mutant with progressive motor neuronopathy","volume":"50","author":"Schmalbruch","year":"1991","journal-title":"J. Neuropathol. Exp. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1006\/nbdi.1999.0266_RF80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"440","DOI":"10.1038\/345440a0","article-title":"Ciliary neurotrophic factor prevents the degeneration of motor neurons after axotomy","volume":"345","author":"Sendtner","year":"1990","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1006\/nbdi.1999.0266_RF81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"757","DOI":"10.1038\/360757a0","article-title":"Brain derived neurotrophic factor prevents the death of motoneurons in newborn rats after nerve transection","volume":"360","author":"Sendtner","year":"1992","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1006\/nbdi.1999.0266_RF82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"502","DOI":"10.1038\/358502a0","article-title":"Ciliary neurotrophic factor prevents degeneration of motor neurons in mouse mutant progressive motor neuronopathy","volume":"358","author":"Sendtner","year":"1992","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1006\/nbdi.1999.0266_RF83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1612","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.49.6.1612","article-title":"Familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Molecular pathology of a patient with a SOD1 mutation","volume":"49","author":"Shaw","year":"1997","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1006\/nbdi.1999.0266_RF84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1097\/00005072-199604000-00011","article-title":"Intense superoxide dismutase-1 immunoreactivity in intracytoplasmic hyaline inclusions of familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis with posterior column involvement","volume":"55","author":"Shibata","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. Neuropathol. Exp. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1006\/nbdi.1999.0266_RF85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1061","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.55.8.1061","article-title":"Adenovirus-mediated gene transfer to treat neurologic disease","volume":"55","author":"Smith","year":"1998","journal-title":"Arch. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1006\/nbdi.1999.0266_RF86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.902790312","article-title":"Target deprivation of hypoglossal motoneurons during development and during maturity","volume":"279","author":"Snider","year":"1989","journal-title":"J. Comp. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1006\/nbdi.1999.0266_RF87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8191","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.94.15.8191","article-title":"Brain-derived neurotrophic factor rapidly enhances phosphorylation of the postsynaptic N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor subunit 1","volume":"94","author":"Suen","year":"1997","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"10.1006\/nbdi.1999.0266_RF88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1699","DOI":"10.1126\/science.276.5319.1699","article-title":"Epilepsy and exacerbation of brain injury in mice lacking the glutamate transporter GLT-1","volume":"276","author":"Tanaka","year":"1997","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1006\/nbdi.1999.0266_RF89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1471-4159.1999.0720102.x","article-title":"Evidence that brain-derived neurotrophic factor neuroprotection is linked to its ability to reverse the NMDA-induced inactivation of protein kinase C in cortical neurons","volume":"72","author":"Tremblay","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Neurochem."},{"key":"10.1006\/nbdi.1999.0266_RF90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1038\/8091","article-title":"SOD1 mutants linked to amyotrophic lateral sclerosis selectively inactivate a glial glutamate transporter","volume":"2","author":"Trotti","year":"1999","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1006\/nbdi.1999.0266_RF91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3155","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.93.7.3155","article-title":"Transgenic mice carrying a human mutant superoxide dismutase transgene develop neuronal cytoskeletal pathology resembling human amyotrophic lateral sclerosis lesions","volume":"93","author":"Tu","year":"1996","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"10.1006\/nbdi.1999.0266_RF92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.1002\/1531-8249(199903)45:3<413::AID-ANA24>3.0.CO;2-5","article-title":"Administration of nitric oxide synthase inhibitors does not alter disease course of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis SOD1 mutant transgenic mice","volume":"45","author":"Upton-Rice","year":"1999","journal-title":"Ann. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1006\/nbdi.1999.0266_RF93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9631","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.95.16.9631","article-title":"Absence of neurofilaments reduces the selective vulnerability of motor neurons and slows disease caused by a familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis-linked superoxide dismutase 1 mutant","volume":"95","author":"Williamson","year":"1998","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"10.1006\/nbdi.1999.0266_RF94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1105","DOI":"10.1016\/0896-6273(95)90259-7","article-title":"An adverse property of a familial ALS-linked SOD1 mutation causes motor neuron disease characterized by vacuolar degeneration of mitochondria","volume":"14","author":"Wong","year":"1995","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"10.1006\/nbdi.1999.0266_RF95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(93)90157-L","article-title":"Increased expression of neurofilament subunit NG-L produces morphological alterations that resemble the pathology of human motor neuron disease","volume":"73","author":"Xu","year":"1993","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1006\/nbdi.1999.0266_RF96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"755","DOI":"10.1038\/360753a0","article-title":"Brain-derived neurotrophic factor rescues spinal motor neurons from axotomy-induced cell death","volume":"360","author":"Yan","year":"1992","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1006\/nbdi.1999.0266_RF97","first-page":"1044","article-title":"The biological responses of axotomized adult motoneurons to brain-derived neurotrophic factor","volume":"15","author":"Yan","year":"1994","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1006\/nbdi.1999.0266_RF98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1038\/373341a0","article-title":"In vivo neurotrophic effects of GDNF on neonatal and adult facial motor neurons","volume":"373","author":"Yan","year":"1995","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1006\/nbdi.1999.0266_RF99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00293395","article-title":"Apoptosis related antigen, Ley and nick-end labeling are positive in spinal motor neurons in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis","volume":"88","author":"Yoshiyama","year":"1994","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol."}],"container-title":["Neurobiology of Disease"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0969996199902668?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0969996199902668?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,18]],"date-time":"2019-12-18T03:32:35Z","timestamp":1576639955000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0969996199902668"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1999,10]]},"references-count":99,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1999,10]]}},"alternative-id":["S0969996199902668"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1006\/nbdi.1999.0266","relation":{},"ISSN":["0969-9961"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0969-9961","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1999,10]]}}}