{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,29]],"date-time":"2026-06-29T14:14:12Z","timestamp":1782742452844,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2001,8,1]],"date-time":"2001-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":996624000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,8]]},"DOI":"10.1006\/rtph.2001.1480","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,9,18]],"date-time":"2002-09-18T21:19:16Z","timestamp":1032383956000},"page":"88-101","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["A Biomathematical Model of Particle Clearance and Retention in the Lungs of Coal Miners"],"prefix":"10.1006","volume":"34","author":[{"given":"Eileen D.","family":"Kuempel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chi-Lang","family":"Tran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Randall J.","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.John","family":"Bailer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1006\/rtph.2001.1480_RF1","year":"1997","journal-title":"Advanced Continuous Simulation Language"},{"key":"10.1006\/rtph.2001.1480_RF2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.1080\/15298669291359609","article-title":"The derivation of estimated dust exposures for U.S. coal miners working before 1970","volume":"53","author":"Attfield","year":"1992","journal-title":"Am. Ind. Hyg. Assoc. J."},{"key":"10.1006\/rtph.2001.1480_RF3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"486","DOI":"10.1080\/15298669291360012","article-title":"An investigation into the relationship between coal workers' pneumoconiosis and dust exposure in U.S. coal miners","volume":"53","author":"Attfield","year":"1992","journal-title":"Am. Ind. Hyg. Assoc. J."},{"key":"10.1006\/rtph.2001.1480_RF4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-8502(85)90037-0","article-title":"Long-term retention of particles in the human respiratory tract","volume":"16","author":"Bailey","year":"1985","journal-title":"J. Aerosol Sci."},{"key":"10.1006\/rtph.2001.1480_RF5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"300","DOI":"10.1016\/0272-0590(91)90220-X","article-title":"Lung clearance and retention of toner, utilizing a tracer technique, during chronic inhalation exposure in rats","volume":"17","author":"Bellmann","year":"1991","journal-title":"Fundam. Appl. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1006\/rtph.2001.1480_RF6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1093\/annhyg\/26.2.259","article-title":"Long-term particle clearance in man: Normal and impaired","volume":"26","author":"Bohning","year":"1982","journal-title":"Ann. Occup. Hyg."},{"key":"10.1006\/rtph.2001.1480_RF7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1016\/0300-483X(96)03385-9","article-title":"Use of physiologically based pharmacokinetic modeling to investigate individual versus population risk","volume":"111","author":"Clewell","year":"1996","journal-title":"Toxicology"},{"key":"10.1006\/rtph.2001.1480_RF8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S455","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-8502(90)90279-7","article-title":"Clearance and retention of inhaled diesel exhaust particles, carbon black, and titanium dioxide in rats at lung overload conditions","volume":"21","author":"Creutzenberg","year":"1990","journal-title":"J. Aerosol Sci."},{"key":"10.1006\/rtph.2001.1480_RF9","first-page":"77","article-title":"Modeling the deposition and clearance of inhaled radionuclides","author":"Cuddihy","year":"1979","journal-title":"Proceedings of an International Symposium on Biological Implications of Radionuclides Released from Nuclear Industries"},{"key":"10.1006\/rtph.2001.1480_RF10","unstructured":"Freedman, A. P., and Robinson, S. E.1988. Noninvasive magnetopneumographic studies of lung dust retention and clearance in coal miners. In Respirable Dust in the Mineral Industries: Health Effects, Characterization and ControlR. L. Frantz and R. V. Ramani, Eds., pp. 181\u2013186. Pennsylvania State Univ. University Park."},{"key":"10.1006\/rtph.2001.1480_RF11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/9780470316665","author":"Fuller","year":"1987","journal-title":"Measurement Error Models."},{"key":"10.1006\/rtph.2001.1480_RF12","year":"1994","journal-title":"Human Respiratory Tract Model for Radiological Protection"},{"key":"10.1006\/rtph.2001.1480_RF13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.bb.08.060179.001211","article-title":"Fitting nonlinear models to data","volume":"8","author":"Jennrich","year":"1979","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Biophys. Bioeng."},{"key":"10.1006\/rtph.2001.1480_RF14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1002\/ajim.4700280203","article-title":"An exposure\u2013response analysis of mortality among coal miners in the United States","volume":"28","author":"Kuempel","year":"1995","journal-title":"Am. J. Ind. Med."},{"key":"10.1006\/rtph.2001.1480_RF15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"384","DOI":"10.1093\/annhyg\/41.inhaled_particles_VIII.384","article-title":"Relationships between lung dust burden, pathology, and lifetime exposure in an autopsy study of U.S. coal miners","volume":"41","author":"Kuempel","year":"1997","journal-title":"Ann. Occup. Hyg."},{"key":"10.1006\/rtph.2001.1480_RF16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1006\/rtph.2001.1479","article-title":"A biomathematical model of particle clearance and retention in the lungs of coal miners. I. Model development","volume":"34","author":"Kuempel","year":"2001","journal-title":"Regul. Toxicol. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1006\/rtph.2001.1480_RF17","year":"1999","journal-title":"MATLAB"},{"key":"10.1006\/rtph.2001.1480_RF18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1016\/0272-0590(88)90284-9","article-title":"Possible mechanisms to explain dust overloading of the lungs","volume":"10","author":"Morrow","year":"1988","journal-title":"Fundam. Appl. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1006\/rtph.2001.1480_RF19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S111","DOI":"10.1089\/jam.1990.3.Suppl_1.S-111","article-title":"Dust overloading of lungs: Investigations of various materials, species differences, and irreversibility of effects","volume":"3","author":"Muhle","year":"1990","journal-title":"J. Aerosol Med."},{"key":"10.1006\/rtph.2001.1480_RF20","first-page":"253","year":"1997","journal-title":"Deposition, Retention, and Dosimetry of Inhaled Radioactive Substances"},{"key":"10.1006\/rtph.2001.1480_RF21","author":"Neter","year":"1989","journal-title":"Applied Linear Regression Models"},{"key":"10.1006\/rtph.2001.1480_RF22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1231","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.97105s51231","article-title":"Sites of particle retention and lung tissue responses to chronically inhaled diesel exhaust and coal dust in rats and cynomolgus monkeys","volume":"105","author":"Nikula","year":"1997","journal-title":"Environ. Health Perspect."},{"key":"10.1006\/rtph.2001.1480_RF23","article-title":"Influence of dose on the distribution of retained particulate material in rat and human lungs","author":"Nikula","year":"2001","journal-title":"Proceedings of Particulate Matter 2000, January 23\u201328, 2000."},{"key":"10.1006\/rtph.2001.1480_RF24","year":"1995","journal-title":"Criteria for a Recommended Standard: Occupational Exposure to Respirable Coal Mine Dust"},{"key":"10.1006\/rtph.2001.1480_RF25","year":"1996","journal-title":"Release 6.12 for Windows."},{"key":"10.1006\/rtph.2001.1480_RF26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1136\/oem.55.6.383","article-title":"Quartz exposure and severe silicosis: A role for the hilar nodes","volume":"55","author":"Seaton","year":"1998","journal-title":"Occup. Environ. Med."},{"key":"10.1006\/rtph.2001.1480_RF27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1016\/0041-008X(83)90258-2","article-title":"Retention of monodisperse or polydisperse aluminosilicate particles inhaled by dogs, rats, and mice","volume":"69","author":"Snipes","year":"1983","journal-title":"Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1006\/rtph.2001.1480_RF28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"823","DOI":"10.1016\/0272-0590(89)90337-0","article-title":"Compartmental modeling of the long-term retention of insoluble particles deposited in the alveolar region of the lung","volume":"13","author":"St\u00f6ber","year":"1989","journal-title":"Fundam. Appl. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1006\/rtph.2001.1480_RF29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1093\/annhyg\/41.inhaled_particles_VIII.237","article-title":"Overloading of clearance of particles and fibres","volume":"41","author":"Tran","year":"1997","journal-title":"Ann. Occup. Hyg."},{"key":"10.1006\/rtph.2001.1480_RF30","author":"Tran","year":"2000","journal-title":"Development of a Biomathematical Lung Model to Describe the Exposure\u2013Dose Relationship for Inhaled Dust among U.K. Coal Miners"},{"key":"10.1006\/rtph.2001.1480_RF31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"741","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.154.3.8810614","article-title":"Radiographic and pathologic correlation of coal workers' pneumoconiosis","volume":"154","author":"Vallyathan","year":"1996","journal-title":"Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care. Med."},{"key":"10.1006\/rtph.2001.1480_RF32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1089\/jam.1991.4.79","article-title":"Retention modeling of diesel exhaust particles in rats and humans","volume":"4","author":"Yu","year":"1991","journal-title":"J. Aerosol Med."}],"container-title":["Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0273230001914801?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0273230001914801?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,8]],"date-time":"2019-05-08T18:57:12Z","timestamp":1557341832000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0273230001914801"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2001,8]]},"references-count":32,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,8]]}},"alternative-id":["S0273230001914801"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1006\/rtph.2001.1480","relation":{},"ISSN":["0273-2300"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0273-2300","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2001,8]]}}}