{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T15:19:40Z","timestamp":1791299980231,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2001,1,1]],"date-time":"2001-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":978307200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,1]]},"DOI":"10.1006\/taap.2000.9087","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,9,18]],"date-time":"2002-09-18T22:01:25Z","timestamp":1032386485000},"page":"93-103","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":103,"title":["Effect of Metals on Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Induction of CYP1A1 and CYP1A2 in Human Hepatocyte Cultures"],"prefix":"10.1006","volume":"170","author":[{"given":"Dilip D.","family":"Vakharia","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ning","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ronald","family":"Pause","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Fasco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erin","family":"Bessette","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qing-Yu","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laurence S.","family":"Kaminsky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1006\/taap.2000.9087_RF1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1159\/000137416","article-title":"Effect of mercuric chloride on microsomal enzyme system in mouse liver","volume":"21","author":"Abbas-Ali","year":"1980","journal-title":"Pharmacology"},{"key":"10.1006\/taap.2000.9087_RF2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1002\/jbt.2570040202","article-title":"Sodium arsenite induced alterations in bilirubin excretion and heme metabolism","volume":"4","author":"Albores","year":"1989","journal-title":"J. Biochem. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1006\/taap.2000.9087_RF3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"591","DOI":"10.3109\/00498259209053122","article-title":"Effects of arsenite on hepatic mixed-function oxidase activity in rats","volume":"22","author":"Albores","year":"1992","journal-title":"Xenobiotica"},{"key":"10.1006\/taap.2000.9087_RF4","unstructured":"ATSDR, 1997, www.atsdr.cdc.gov\/97list.html."},{"key":"10.1006\/taap.2000.9087_RF5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5358","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.75.11.5358","article-title":"Tumorigenicity of the optical enantiomers of the diastereomeric benzo[a]pyrene 7,8-diol-9,10-epoxides in newborn mice: Exceptional activity of (+)-7beta,8alpha-dihydroxy-9alpha,10alpha-epoxy-7,8,9,10-tetrahydrobenzo[a]pyrene","volume":"75","author":"Buening","year":"1978","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"10.1006\/taap.2000.9087_RF6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-4165(85)90020-0","article-title":"Effect of glucose on induction of delta-aminolevulinic acid synthase, ferrochelatase and cytochrome P-450 hemoproteins in isolated rat hepatocytes by phenobarbital and lead","volume":"841","author":"Canepa","year":"1985","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta"},{"key":"10.1006\/taap.2000.9087_RF7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"975","DOI":"10.1016\/0031-9384(94)90332-8","article-title":"Cadmium-induced sexual dysfunction does not involve increased hepatic metabolism of testosterone nor increased circulating levels of corticosterone","volume":"56","author":"Clark","year":"1994","journal-title":"Physiol. Behav."},{"key":"10.1006\/taap.2000.9087_RF8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1215","DOI":"10.1248\/bpb.18.1215","article-title":"Ionic lead, but not other ionic metals (Ni2+, Co2+ and Cd2+), suppresses 2-methoxy-4-aminoazobenzene-mediated cytochrome P450IA2 (CYP1A2) induction in rat liver","volume":"18","author":"Degawa","year":"1995","journal-title":"Biol. Pharm. Bull."},{"key":"10.1006\/taap.2000.9087_RF9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1091","DOI":"10.1093\/carcin\/14.6.1091","article-title":"Preferential inhibitions of hepatic P4501A2 expression and induction by lead nitrate in the rat","volume":"14","author":"Degawa","year":"1993","journal-title":"Carcinogenesis"},{"key":"10.1006\/taap.2000.9087_RF10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-4274(98)00047-2","article-title":"Cytotoxic effects and induction of cytochromes P450 1A1\/2 by insecticides, in hepatic or epidermal cells: Binding capability to the Ah receptor","volume":"96\u201397","author":"Delescluse","year":"1998","journal-title":"Toxicol. Letts."},{"key":"10.1006\/taap.2000.9087_RF11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1006\/abio.1993.1381","article-title":"A microassay for measuring cytochrome P450IA1 and P450IIB1 activities in intact human and rat hepatocytes cultured on 96-well plates","volume":"213","author":"Donato","year":"1993","journal-title":"Anal. Biochem."},{"key":"10.1006\/taap.2000.9087_RF12","first-page":"760","article-title":"Human hepatocyte growth factor down-regulates the expression of cytochrome P450 isozymes in human hepatocytes in primary culture","volume":"284","author":"Donato","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther."},{"key":"10.1006\/taap.2000.9087_RF13","first-page":"112","volume":"49","year":"1984","journal-title":"Fed. Reg."},{"key":"10.1006\/taap.2000.9087_RF14","year":"1998","journal-title":"Approved Methods for Inorganic Chemicals."},{"key":"10.1006\/taap.2000.9087_RF15","year":"1998","journal-title":"Approved Methods for Inorganic Chemicals."},{"key":"10.1006\/taap.2000.9087_RF16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1006\/abio.1995.1019","article-title":"Quantitative RNA\u2013polymerase chain reaction\u2013DNA analysis by capillary electrophoresis and laser-induced fluorescence","volume":"224","author":"Fasco","year":"1995","journal-title":"Anal. Biochem."},{"key":"10.1006\/taap.2000.9087_RF17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1016\/S0009-2797(97)00072-0","article-title":"Long-term primary cultures of adult human hepatocytes","volume":"107","author":"Ferrini","year":"1997","journal-title":"Chem.\u2013Biol. Interact."},{"key":"10.1006\/taap.2000.9087_RF18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-2952(98)00304-9","article-title":"Cytochrome 1A1 induction by primaquine in human hepatocytes and HepG2 cells: Absence of binding to the aryl hydrocarbon receptor","volume":"57","author":"Fontaine","year":"1999","journal-title":"Biochem. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1006\/taap.2000.9087_RF19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"638","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-2143(97)90199-2","article-title":"Time-dependent expression of cytochrome P450 genes in primary cultures of well-differentiated human hepatocytes","volume":"129","author":"George","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Lab. Clin. Med."},{"key":"10.1006\/taap.2000.9087_RF20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1166","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510250520","article-title":"Effect of cell density and epidermal growth factor on the inducible expression of CYP3A and CYP1A genes in human hepatocytes in primary culture","volume":"25","author":"Greuet","year":"1997","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1006\/taap.2000.9087_RF21","first-page":"2946","article-title":"Roles of cytochrome P-450 enzymes in chemical carcinogenesis and cancer chemotherapy","volume":"48","author":"Guengerich","year":"1988","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"10.1006\/taap.2000.9087_RF22","first-page":"557","article-title":"Involvement of cytochrome P450, glutathione S-transferase, and epoxide hydrolase in the metabolism of aflatoxin B 1 and relevance to risk of human liver cancer","volume":"104","author":"Guengerich","year":"1996","journal-title":"Environ. Health Perspect."},{"key":"10.1006\/taap.2000.9087_RF23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1016\/S0027-5107(98)00037-2","article-title":"Activation of procarcinogens by human cytochrome P450 enzymes","volume":"400","author":"Guengerich","year":"1998","journal-title":"Mutat. Res. Fundam. Mol. Mech. Mutagen."},{"key":"10.1006\/taap.2000.9087_RF24","first-page":"127","article-title":"Oncostatin M down-regulates basal and induced cytochromes P450 in human hepatocytes","volume":"285","author":"Guill\u00e9n","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther."},{"key":"10.1006\/taap.2000.9087_RF25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-4274(92)90021-B","article-title":"Combined effect of cadmium and nickel on rat hepatic monooxygenases: Possible stimulation of certain cytochrome P-450 isozymes","volume":"62","author":"Iscan","year":"1992","journal-title":"Toxicol. Lett."},{"key":"10.1006\/taap.2000.9087_RF26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02784049","article-title":"The responses of hepatic monooxygenases of guinea pig to cadmium and nickel","volume":"38","author":"Iscan","year":"1993","journal-title":"Biol. Trace Elem. Res."},{"key":"10.1006\/taap.2000.9087_RF27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1016\/0742-8413(95)00020-8","article-title":"Differential responses of hepatic monooxygenases and glutathione S-transferases of mice to a combination of cadmium and nickel","volume":"111","author":"Iscan","year":"1995","journal-title":"Comp. Biochem. Physiol. Part C Pharmacol. Toxicol. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1006\/taap.2000.9087_RF28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1016\/0300-483X(95)03118-Y","article-title":"Effect of several metallothionein inducers on oxidative stress defense mechanisms in rats","volume":"104","author":"Iszard","year":"1995","journal-title":"Toxicology"},{"key":"10.1006\/taap.2000.9087_RF29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"376","DOI":"10.1006\/taap.1998.8436","article-title":"Effect of arsenite on induction of CYP1A and CYP2H in primary cultures of chick hepatocytes","volume":"150","author":"Jacobs","year":"1998","journal-title":"Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1006\/taap.2000.9087_RF30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1006\/taap.1999.8659","article-title":"Effect of arsenite on induction of CYP1A, CYP2B, and CYP3A in primary cultures of rat hepatocytes","volume":"157","author":"Jacobs","year":"1999","journal-title":"Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1006\/taap.2000.9087_RF31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1325","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1349-7006.1991.tb01800.x","article-title":"P450 and human cancer","volume":"82","author":"Kawajiri","year":"1991","journal-title":"Jpn. J. Cancer Res."},{"key":"10.1006\/taap.2000.9087_RF32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1006\/abio.1994.1476","article-title":"Simultaneous measurement of cytochrome P4501A catalytic activity and total protein concentration with a fluorescence plate reader","volume":"222","author":"Kennedy","year":"1994","journal-title":"Anal. Biochem."},{"key":"10.1006\/taap.2000.9087_RF33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"761","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-2952(97)00204-9","article-title":"Drug metabolism in hepatocyte sandwich cultures of rats and humans","volume":"54","author":"Kern","year":"1997","journal-title":"Biochem. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1006\/taap.2000.9087_RF34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1847","DOI":"10.1093\/carcin\/19.10.1847","article-title":"Metabolism of benzo[a]pyrene and benzo[a]pyrene-7,8-diol by human cytochrome P450 1B1","volume":"19","author":"Kim","year":"1998","journal-title":"Carcinogenesis"},{"key":"10.1006\/taap.2000.9087_RF35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1016\/S0009-2797(97)00070-7","article-title":"Preclinical evaluation of drug\u2013drug interaction potential: Present status of the application of primary human hepatocytes in the evaluation of cytochrome P450 induction","volume":"107","author":"Li","year":"1997","journal-title":"Chem.\u2013Biol. Interact."},{"key":"10.1006\/taap.2000.9087_RF36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Liu, N, Zhang, Q-Y, Vakharia, D, Dunbar, D, and, Kaminsky, L. S. 2001, Induction of CYP1A1 by benzo[k]fluoranthene in human hepatocytes: CYP1A1 or CYP1A2?, In press.","DOI":"10.1006\/abbi.2001.2323"},{"key":"10.1006\/taap.2000.9087_RF37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1471-4159.1997.69020581.x","article-title":"Mechanism of cellular 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) reduction","volume":"69","author":"Liu","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Neurochem."},{"key":"10.1006\/taap.2000.9087_RF38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-7992(85)90052-1","article-title":"Measurement of cytochrome P-450 dependent dealkylation of alkoxyphenoxazones in hepatic S9s and hepatocyte homogenates: Effects of dicumarol","volume":"142","author":"Lubet","year":"1985","journal-title":"Mutat. Res."},{"key":"10.1006\/taap.2000.9087_RF39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(96)00417-6","article-title":"The use of adult human hepatocytes in primary culture and other in vitro systems to investigate drug metabolism in man","volume":"22","author":"Maurel","year":"1996","journal-title":"Adv. Drug Delivery Rev."},{"key":"10.1006\/taap.2000.9087_RF40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"645","DOI":"10.3109\/03602539808996326","article-title":"The metabolism of xenobiotics to reactive electrophiles in chemical carcinogenesis and mutagenesis: A collaboration with Elizabeth Cavert Miller and our associates","volume":"30","author":"Miller","year":"1998","journal-title":"Drug Metab. Rev."},{"key":"10.1006\/taap.2000.9087_RF41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-1759(94)90147-3","article-title":"An improved fluorescence assay for the determination of lymphocyte-mediated cytotoxicity using flow cytometry","volume":"177","author":"Papadopoulos","year":"1994","journal-title":"J. Immunol. Methods"},{"key":"10.1006\/taap.2000.9087_RF42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1203","DOI":"10.1080\/004982598238886","article-title":"Inhibition and induction of human cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes","volume":"28","author":"Pelkonen","year":"1998","journal-title":"Xenobiotica"},{"key":"10.1006\/taap.2000.9087_RF43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-4274(99)00005-3","article-title":"Competitive inhibition by inducer as a confounding factor in the use of the ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD) assay to estimate exposure to dioxin-like compounds","volume":"105","author":"Petrulis","year":"1999","journal-title":"Toxicol. Lett."},{"key":"10.1006\/taap.2000.9087_RF44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1643","DOI":"10.1093\/carcin\/7.10.1643","article-title":"Lead nitrate induces certain biochemical properties characteristic of hepatocyte nodules","volume":"7","author":"Roomi","year":"1986","journal-title":"Carcinogenesis"},{"key":"10.1006\/taap.2000.9087_RF45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-58-2-363","article-title":"Depressed excretion of 6 beta-hydroxycortisol in lead-toxic children","volume":"58","author":"Saenger","year":"1984","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"10.1006\/taap.2000.9087_RF46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2523","DOI":"10.1093\/carcin\/15.11.2523","article-title":"Activation of procarcinogens by human cytochrome P450 enzymes expressed in Escherichia coli. Simplified bacterial systems for genotoxicity assays","volume":"15","author":"Shimada","year":"1994","journal-title":"Carcinogenesis"},{"key":"10.1006\/taap.2000.9087_RF47","first-page":"2979","article-title":"Activation of chemically diverse procarcinogens by human cytochrome P450 1B1","volume":"56","author":"Shimada","year":"1996","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"10.1006\/taap.2000.9087_RF48","first-page":"856","article-title":"Characterization of human lung microsomal cytochrome P-450 1A1 and its role in the oxidation of chemical carcinogens","volume":"41","author":"Shimada","year":"1992","journal-title":"Mol. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1006\/taap.2000.9087_RF49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15807","DOI":"10.1021\/bi962042z","article-title":"Stereoselective epoxidation and hydration at the K-region of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by cDNA-expressed cytochromes P450 1A1, 1A2, and epoxide hydrolase","volume":"35","author":"Shou","year":"1996","journal-title":"Biochemistry"},{"key":"10.1006\/taap.2000.9087_RF50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1016\/S0009-2797(98)00105-7","article-title":"Potency of various polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons as inducers of CYP1A1 in rat hepatocyte cultures","volume":"117","author":"Till","year":"1999","journal-title":"Chem.\u2013Biol. Interact."},{"key":"10.1006\/taap.2000.9087_RF51","unstructured":"Vakharia, D, Liu, N, Pause, R, Fasco, M, Bessette, E, Zhang, Q-Y, and, Kaminsky, L. S. 2001, Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH)\/metal mixtures: Effect on PAH induction of CYP1A1 in human HepG2 cells. In press."},{"key":"10.1006\/taap.2000.9087_RF52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1006\/faat.1997.2336","article-title":"Regulation of promoter-cat stress genes in HepG2 cells by suspensions of particles from ambient air","volume":"39","author":"Vincent","year":"1997","journal-title":"Fundam. Appl. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1006\/taap.2000.9087_RF53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"831","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-2952(97)00561-3","article-title":"Inhibition of CYP1A1-dependent activity by the polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) fluoranthene","volume":"55","author":"Willett","year":"1998","journal-title":"Biochem. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1006\/taap.2000.9087_RF54","first-page":"2589","article-title":"Mutagenicity of the bay-region diol-epoxides and other benzo-ring derivatives of dibenzo(a,h)pyrene and dibenzo(a,i)pyrene","volume":"41","author":"Wood","year":"1981","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"10.1006\/taap.2000.9087_RF55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1016\/S0009-2797(99)00149-0","article-title":"2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin induction of cytochrome P4501A in cultured rat and human hepatocytes","volume":"124","author":"Xu","year":"2000","journal-title":"Chem.\u2013Biol. Interact."},{"key":"10.1006\/taap.2000.9087_RF56","first-page":"1339","article-title":"Human cytochromes P4501A1 and P4501A2: R-warfarin metabolism as a probe","volume":"23","author":"Zhang","year":"1995","journal-title":"Drug Metab. Dispos. The Biological Fate of Chemicals"}],"container-title":["Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0041008X00990872?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0041008X00990872?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,17]],"date-time":"2019-12-17T01:59:38Z","timestamp":1576547978000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0041008X00990872"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2001,1]]},"references-count":56,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,1]]}},"alternative-id":["S0041008X00990872"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1006\/taap.2000.9087","relation":{},"ISSN":["0041-008X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0041-008X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2001,1]]}}}