{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,15]],"date-time":"2026-08-15T04:19:21Z","timestamp":1786767561322,"version":"build-2736575974"},"publisher-location":"New York, NY","reference-count":245,"publisher":"Springer New York","isbn-type":[{"value":"9780387205199","type":"print"},{"value":"9780387217338","type":"electronic"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/0-387-21733-9_4","type":"book-chapter","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,5,31]],"date-time":"2006-05-31T13:49:51Z","timestamp":1149083391000},"page":"139-198","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Mercury Hazards from Gold Mining to Humans, Plants, and Animals"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"given":"Ronald","family":"Eisler","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"4_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1080\/00207238308710100","volume":"22","author":"S.A. Abbasi","year":"1983","unstructured":"Abbasi SA, Soni R (1983) Stress-induced enhancement of reproduction in earthworms Octochaetus pattoni exposed to chromium (VI) and mercury (II)\u2014implications in environmental management. Int J Environ Stud 22:43\u201347.","journal-title":"Int J Environ Stud"},{"key":"4_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01189656","volume":"80","author":"H. Akagi","year":"1995","unstructured":"Akagi H, Malm O, Branches FJP, Kinjo Y, Kashima Y, Guimaraes JRD, Oliveira RB, Haraguchi K, Pfeiffer WC, Takizawa Y, Kato H (1995) Human exposure to mercury due to goldmining in the Tapajos River Basin, Amazon, Brazil: speciation of mercury in human hair, blood and urine. Water Air Soil Pollut 80:85\u201394.","journal-title":"Water Air Soil Pollut"},{"key":"4_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1897\/1551-5028(1997)016<0071:FAWRIT>2.3.CO;2","volume":"16","author":"C.J.R. Alho","year":"1997","unstructured":"Alho CJR, Viera LM (1997) Fish and wildlife resources in the Pantanal wetlands of Brazil and potential disturbances from the release of environmental contaminants. Environ Toxicol Chem 16:71\u201374.","journal-title":"Environ Toxicol Chem"},{"key":"4_CR4","first-page":"117","volume":"108C","author":"P. Allen","year":"1994","unstructured":"Allen P (1994) Changes in the haematological profile of the cichlid Oreochromis aureus (Steindachner) during acute inorganic mercury intoxication. Comp Biochem Physiol 108C:117\u2013121.","journal-title":"Comp Biochem Physiol"},{"key":"4_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00666270","volume":"91","author":"E.H. Amonoo-Neizer","year":"1996","unstructured":"Amonoo-Neizer EH, Nyamah D, Bakiamoh SB (1996) Mercury and arsenic pollution in soil and biological samples around the mining town of Obuasi, Ghana. Water Air Soil Pollut 91:363\u2013373.","journal-title":"Water Air Soil Pollut"},{"key":"4_CR6","first-page":"439","volume":"100C","author":"R.W. Angelow","year":"1991","unstructured":"Angelow RW, Nicholls DM (1991) The effect of mercury exposure on liver MRNA translatability and metallothionein in rainbow trout. Comp Biochem Physiol 100C: 439\u2013444.","journal-title":"Comp Biochem Physiol"},{"key":"4_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1016\/S0048-9697(99)00016-9","volume":"228","author":"J.D. Appleton","year":"1999","unstructured":"Appleton JD, Williams TM, Breward N, Apostol A, Miguel J, Miranda C (1999) Mercury contamination associated with artisanal gold mining on the island of Mindanao, the Philippines. Sci Total Environ 228:95\u2013109.","journal-title":"Sci Total Environ"},{"key":"4_CR8","first-page":"657","volume-title":"The Biogeochemistry of Mercury in the Environment","author":"F.A.J. Armstrong","year":"1979","unstructured":"Armstrong FAJ (1979) Effects of mercury compounds on fish. In: Nriagu JO (ed) The Biogeochemistry of Mercury in the Environment. Elsevier\/North-Holland, New York, pp 657\u2013670."},{"key":"4_CR9","first-page":"21","volume-title":"Mercury Pollution: Integration and Synthesis","author":"I. Aula","year":"1994","unstructured":"Aula I, Braunschweiler H, Leino T, Malin I, Porvari P, Hatanaka T, Lodenius M, Juras A (1994) Levels of mercury in the Tucurui reservoir and its surrounding area in Para, Brazil. In: Watras CJ, Huckabee JW (eds) Mercury Pollution: Integration and Synthesis. Lewis, Boca Raton, FL, pp 21\u201340."},{"key":"4_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1016\/0048-9697(95)04906-1","volume":"175","author":"I. Aula","year":"1995","unstructured":"Aula I, Braunschweiler H, Malin I (1995) The watershed flux of mercury examined with indicators in the Tucurui reservoir in Para, Brazil. Sci Total Environ 175:97\u2013107.","journal-title":"Sci Total Environ"},{"key":"4_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1016\/0147-6513(90)90007-R","volume":"20","author":"E. Baatrup","year":"1990","unstructured":"Baatrup E, Doving KB (1990) Histochemical demonstration of mercury in the olfactory system of salmon (Salmo salar L.) following treatment with dietary methylmercuric chloride and dissolved mercuric chloride. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 20:277\u2013289.","journal-title":"Ecotoxicol Environ Saf"},{"key":"4_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1016\/0147-6513(90)90006-Q","volume":"20","author":"E. Baatrup","year":"1990","unstructured":"Baatrup E, Doving KB, Winberg S (1990) Differential effects of mercurial compounds on the electroolfactogram (EOG) of salmon (Salmo salar L.). Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 20:269\u2013276.","journal-title":"Ecotoxicol Environ Saf"},{"key":"4_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00342292","volume":"56","author":"F. Baldi","year":"1991","unstructured":"Baldi F, Semplici F, Filippelli M (1991) Environmental applications of mercury resistant bacteria. Water Air Soil Pollut 56:465\u2013475.","journal-title":"Water Air Soil Pollut"},{"key":"4_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"552","DOI":"10.1021\/es00125a014","volume":"18","author":"R.T. Barber","year":"1984","unstructured":"Barber RT, Whaling PJ, Cohen DM (1984) Mercury in recent and century-old deep-sea fish. Environ Sci Technol 18:552\u2013555.","journal-title":"Environ Sci Technol"},{"key":"4_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1016\/0025-326X(92)90740-W","volume":"24","author":"C. Barghigiani","year":"1992","unstructured":"Barghigiani C, De Ranieri S (1992) Mercury content in different size classes of important edible species of the northern Tyrrhenian Sea. Mar Pollut Bull 24:114\u2013116.","journal-title":"Mar Pollut Bull"},{"key":"4_CR16","first-page":"201","volume-title":"The Biogeochemistry of Mercury in the Environment","author":"K. Beijer","year":"1979","unstructured":"Beijer K, Jernelov A (1979) Methylation of mercury in natural waters. In: Nriagu JO (ed) The Biogeochemistry of Mercury in the Environment. Elsevier\/North-Holland, New York, pp 201\u2013210."},{"key":"4_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02013275","volume":"4","author":"S.G. Berk","year":"1978","unstructured":"Berk SG, Mills AL, Henricks DL, Colwell RR (1978). Effects of ingesting mercury containing bacteria on mercury tolerance and growth rate of ciliates. Microb Ecol 4: 319\u2013330.","journal-title":"Microb Ecol"},{"key":"4_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01610985","volume":"27","author":"J.B. Best","year":"1981","unstructured":"Best JB, Morita M, Ragin J, Best J Jr (1981) Acute toxic responses of the freshwater planarian, Dugella dorotocephala, to methylmercury. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 27:49\u201354.","journal-title":"Bull Environ Contam Toxicol"},{"key":"4_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01636494","volume":"35","author":"W.N. Beyer","year":"1985","unstructured":"Beyer WN, Cromartie E, Moment GB (1985) Accumulation of methylmercury in the earthworm, Eisenia foetida, and its effect on regeneration. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 35:157\u2013162.","journal-title":"Bull Environ Contam Toxicol"},{"key":"4_CR20","first-page":"97","volume":"26","author":"W.N. Beyer","year":"1997","unstructured":"Beyer WN, Spalding M, Morrison D (1997) Mercury concentrations in feathers of wading birds from Florida. Ambio 26:97\u2013100.","journal-title":"Ambio"},{"key":"4_CR21","first-page":"629","volume-title":"The Biogeochemistry of Mercury in the Environment","author":"W.J. Birge","year":"1979","unstructured":"Birge WJ, Black JA, Westerman AG, Hudson JE (1979) The effect of mercury on reproduction of fish and amphibians. In: Nriagu JO (ed) The Biogeochemistry of Mercury in the Environment. Elsevier\/North-Holland, New York, pp 629\u2013655."},{"key":"4_CR22","series-title":"ACS Symposium Series","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1021\/bk-1995-0588.ch022","volume-title":"Chemistry of the Amazon: Biodiversity, Natural Products, and Environmental Issues","author":"R.C.V. Boas","year":"1995","unstructured":"Boas RCV (1995) Mineral extraction in Amazon and the environment. The mercury problem. In: Chemistry of the Amazon: Biodiversity, Natural Products, and Environmental Issues. ACS Symposium Series 588. American Chemical Society, Washington, DC, pp 295\u2013303."},{"key":"4_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"682","DOI":"10.1139\/f84-079","volume":"41","author":"R.A. Bodaly","year":"1984","unstructured":"Bodaly RA, Hecky RE, Fudge RJP (1984) Increases in fish mercury levels in lakes flooded by the Churchill River diversion, northern Manitoba. Can J Fish Aquat Sci 41:682\u2013691.","journal-title":"Can J Fish Aquat Sci"},{"key":"4_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"677","DOI":"10.1897\/1551-5028(1996)015<0677:MPITCR>2.3.CO;2","volume":"15","author":"J.C. Bonzongo","year":"1996","unstructured":"Bonzongo JC, Heim KJ, Chen Y, Lyons WB, Warwick JJ, Miller GC, Lechler PJ (1996a) Mercury pathways in the Carson River-Lahontan Reservoir system, Nevada, USA. Environ Toxicol Chem 15:677\u2013683.","journal-title":"Environ Toxicol Chem"},{"key":"4_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1016\/0269-7491(95)00102-6","volume":"92","author":"J.C. Bonzongo","year":"1996","unstructured":"Bonzongo JC, Heim KJ, Warwick JJ, Lyons WB (1996b) Mercury levels in surface waters of the Carson River-Lahontan Reservoir system, Nevada: influence of historic mining activities. Environ Pollut 92:193\u2013201.","journal-title":"Environ Pollut"},{"key":"4_CR26","first-page":"73","volume-title":"Aquatic Toxicology","author":"A. Boudou","year":"1983","unstructured":"Boudou A, Ribeyre F (1983) Contamination of aquatic biocenoses by mercury compounds: an experimental toxicological approach. In: Nriagu JO (ed) Aquatic Toxicology. J Wiley, New York, pp 73\u2013116."},{"key":"4_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1017\/S0030605300021773","volume":"30","author":"P. Brazaitis","year":"1996","unstructured":"Brazaitis P, Rebelo GH, Yamashita C, Odierna EA, Watanabe ME (1996) Threats to Brazilian crocodile populations. Oryx 30:275\u2013284.","journal-title":"Oryx"},{"key":"4_CR28","volume-title":"USGS\/BRD\/BSR 2001-0009","author":"W.G. Brumbaugh","year":"2001","unstructured":"Brumbaugh WG, Krabbenhoft DP, Helsel DR, Wiener JG, Echols KR (2001) A national pilot study of mercury contamination of aquatic ecosystems along multiple gradients: bioaccumulation in fish. USGS\/BRD\/BSR 2001-0009. U.S. Geological Survey, Boulder, CO."},{"key":"4_CR29","volume-title":"Mercury in the Western Environment","year":"1973","unstructured":"Buhler DR (ed) (1973) Mercury in the Western Environment. Proceedings of a workshop, Portland, OR, February 25\u201326, 1971, Oregon State Univ, Corvallis."},{"key":"4_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1016\/0048-9697(89)90021-1","volume":"78","author":"R. Buzina","year":"1989","unstructured":"Buzina R, Suboticanec K, Vukusic J, Sapunar J, Zorica M (1989) Effect of industrial pollution on seafood content and dietary intake of total and methylmercury. Sci Total Environ 78:45\u201357.","journal-title":"Sci Total Environ"},{"key":"4_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1016\/0883-2927(94)90009-4","volume":"9","author":"J.E. Callahan","year":"1994","unstructured":"Callahan JE, Miller JW, Craig JR (1994) Mercury pollution as a result of gold extraction in North Carolina, U.S.A. Appl Geochem 9:235\u2013241.","journal-title":"U.S.A. Appl Geochem"},{"key":"4_CR32","first-page":"3","volume":"7","author":"C.T. Callil","year":"1999","unstructured":"Callil CT, Junk WJ (1999) Concentration and incorporation of mercury by mollusc bivalves Anodontites trapesialis (Lamarck, 1819) and Castalia ambigua (Lamarck, 1819) in Pantanal of Pocone-MT, Brasil (in Portuguese, English abstract). Biociecias 7:3\u201328.","journal-title":"Biociecias"},{"key":"4_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1177\/074823379701300214","volume":"13","author":"V.M. Camara","year":"1997","unstructured":"Camara VM, Filhote MIDF, Lima MIM, Aleira FV, Martins MS, Dantes TO, Luiz RR (1997) Strategies for preventing adolescent mercury exposure in Brazilian gold mining areas. Toxicol Ind Health 13:285\u2013297.","journal-title":"Toxicol Ind Health"},{"key":"4_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1007\/s001289900749","volume":"61","author":"Z.C. Castilhos","year":"1998","unstructured":"Castilhos ZC, Bidone ED, Lacerda LD (1998) Increase of the background human exposure to mercury through fish consumption due to gold mining at the Tapajos River region, Para State, Amazon. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 61:202\u2013209.","journal-title":"Bull Environ Contam Toxicol"},{"key":"4_CR35","first-page":"519","volume-title":"The Biogeochemistry of Mercury in the Environment","author":"L.W. Chang","year":"1979","unstructured":"Chang LW (1979) Pathological effects of mercury poisoning. In: Nriagu JO (ed) The Biogeochemistry of Mercury in the Environment. Elsevier\/North-Holland, New York, pp 519\u2013580."},{"key":"4_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"695","DOI":"10.1897\/1551-5028(1998)017<0695:BOMTSB>2.3.CO;2","volume":"17","author":"M.H. Choi","year":"1998","unstructured":"Choi MH, Cech JJ Jr, Lagunas-Solar MC (1998) Bioavailability of methylmercury to Sacramento blackfish (Orthodon microlepidotus): dissolved organic carbon effects. Environ Toxicol Chem 17:695\u2013701.","journal-title":"Environ Toxicol Chem"},{"key":"4_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.1016\/0025-326X(88)90232-9","volume":"19","author":"R. Chvojka","year":"1988","unstructured":"Chvojka R (1988) Mercury and selenium in axial white muscle of yellowtail kingfish from Sydney, Australia. Mar Pollut Bull 19:210\u2013213.","journal-title":"Mar Pollut Bull"},{"key":"4_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"957","DOI":"10.1002\/etc.5620090713","volume":"9","author":"T.W. Clarkson","year":"1990","unstructured":"Clarkson TW (1990) Human health risks from methylmercury in fish. Environ Toxicol Chem 9:957\u2013961.","journal-title":"Environ Toxicol Chem"},{"key":"4_CR39","first-page":"549","volume-title":"Clinical, Biochemical, and Nutritional Aspects of Trace Elements","author":"T.W. Clarkson","year":"1982","unstructured":"Clarkson TW, Marsh DO (1982) Mercury toxicity in man. In: Prasad AS (ed) Clinical, Biochemical, and Nutritional Aspects of Trace Elements, Vol 6. Liss, New York, pp 549\u2013568."},{"key":"4_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-69314-4_17","volume-title":"Changing Metal Cycles and Human Health","author":"T.W. Clarkson","year":"1984","unstructured":"Clarkson TW, Hamada R, Amin-Zaki L (1984) Mercury. In: Nriagu JO (ed) Changing Metal Cycles and Human Health. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, pp 285\u2013309."},{"key":"4_CR41","first-page":"437","volume-title":"Environmental Biogeochemistry, Vol 2. Metals Transfer and Ecological Mass Balances","author":"R.R. Colwell","year":"1976","unstructured":"Colwell RR, Sayler GS, Nelson JD Jr, Justice A (1976) Microbial mobilization of mercury in the aquatic environment. In: Nriagu JO (ed) Environmental Biogeochemistry, Vol 2. Metals Transfer and Ecological Mass Balances. Ann Arbor Science, Ann Arbor, MI, pp 437\u2013487."},{"key":"4_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1003541512505","volume":"394","author":"L. Cursino","year":"1999","unstructured":"Cursino L, Olberda SM, Cecilio RV, Moreira RM, Chartone-Souza E, Nascimento AMA (1999) Mercury concentrations in the sediment at different gold prospecting sites along the Carmo stream, Minas Gerais, Brazil, and frequency of resistant bacteria in the respective aquatic communities. Hydrobiologia 394:5\u201312.","journal-title":"Hydrobiologia"},{"key":"4_CR43","volume-title":"Golden dreams, poisoned streams","year":"1997","unstructured":"Da Rosa CD, Lyon JS (eds) (1997) Golden dreams, poisoned streams. Mineral Policy Center, Washington, DC."},{"key":"4_CR44","first-page":"193","volume":"25","author":"S.K. Das","year":"1982","unstructured":"Das SK, Sharma A, Talukder G (1982) Effects of mercury on cellular systems in mammals: a review. Nucleus (Calcutta) 25:193\u2013230.","journal-title":"Nucleus (Calcutta)"},{"key":"4_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01055567","volume":"21","author":"G. Dave","year":"1991","unstructured":"Dave G, Xiu R (1991) Toxicity of mercury, copper, nickel, lead, and cobalt to embryos and larvae of zebrafish, Brachydanio rerio. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol 21:126\u2013134.","journal-title":"Arch Environ Contam Toxicol"},{"key":"4_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1897\/1551-5028(1997)016<0075:DATOTE>2.3.CO;2","volume":"16","author":"B.E. Davies","year":"1997","unstructured":"Davies BE (1997) Deficiencies and toxicities of trace elements and micronutrients in tropical soils: limitations of knowledge and future research needs. Environ Toxicol Chem 16:75\u201383.","journal-title":"Environ Toxicol Chem"},{"key":"4_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1006\/enrs.1998.3835","volume":"77A","author":"J.F.M. Kom de","year":"1998","unstructured":"de Kom JFM, van der Voet GB, de Wolff FA (1998) Mercury exposure of maroon workers in the small scale gold mining in Suriname. Environ Res 77A:91\u201397.","journal-title":"Environ Res"},{"key":"4_CR48","first-page":"54","volume":"49","author":"L.D. Lacerda de","year":"1997","unstructured":"de Lacerda LD (1997) Atmospheric mercury and fish contamination in the Amazon. Cien Cult J Brazil Assoc Adv Sci 49:54\u201357.","journal-title":"Cien Cult J Brazil Assoc Adv Sci"},{"key":"4_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-58793-1","volume-title":"Mercury from Gold and Silver Mining: a Chemical Time Bomb?","author":"L.D. Lacerda de","year":"1998","unstructured":"de Lacerda LD, Salomons W (1998) Mercury from Gold and Silver Mining: a Chemical Time Bomb? Springer, Berlin, 146 pp."},{"key":"4_CR50","series-title":"Tech Rep","volume-title":"Mercury in the Aquatic Ecosystem","author":"F.M. D\u2019Itri","year":"1972","unstructured":"D\u2019Itri FM (1972) Mercury in the Aquatic Ecosystem. Tech Rep 23. Institute of Water Research, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI."},{"key":"4_CR51","volume-title":"Mercury Contamination: a Human Tragedy","author":"P. D\u2019Itri","year":"1977","unstructured":"D\u2019Itri P, D\u2019Itri FM (1977) Mercury Contamination: a Human Tragedy. J Wiley, New York."},{"key":"4_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02789097","volume":"65","author":"J.G. Dorea","year":"1998","unstructured":"Dorea JG, Moreira MB, East G, Barbosa AC (1998) Selenium and mercury concentrations in some fish species of the Madeira River, Amazon Basin, Brazil. Biol Trace Elem Res 65:211\u2013220.","journal-title":"Biol Trace Elem Res"},{"key":"4_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"514","DOI":"10.1016\/0041-008X(80)90053-8","volume":"55","author":"R.D.P. Eaton","year":"1980","unstructured":"Eaton RDP, Secord DC, Hewitt P (1980) An experimental assessment of the toxic potential of mercury in ringed-seal liver for adult laboratory cats. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 55:514\u2013521.","journal-title":"Toxicol Appl Pharmacol"},{"key":"4_CR54","series-title":"CONF-771114. Symposium Series","first-page":"241","volume-title":"Energy and Environmental Stress in Aquatic Systems","author":"R. Eisler","year":"1978","unstructured":"Eisler R (1978) Mercur0y contamination standards for marine environments. In: Thorp JH, Gibbons JW (eds) Energy and Environmental Stress in Aquatic Systems. CONF-771114. Symposium Series 48. US Dept of Energy, Washington, DC, pp 241\u2013272."},{"key":"4_CR55","volume-title":"Trace Metal Concentrations in Marine Organisms","author":"R. Eisler","year":"1981","unstructured":"Eisler R (1981) Trace Metal Concentrations in Marine Organisms. Pergamon, New York."},{"key":"4_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02916933","volume":"6","author":"R. Eisler","year":"1984","unstructured":"Eisler R (1984) Trace metal changes associated with age of marine vertebrates. Biol Trace Elem Res 6:165\u2013180.","journal-title":"Biol Trace Elem Res"},{"key":"4_CR57","volume-title":"Biol Rep","author":"R. Eisler","year":"1985","unstructured":"Eisler R (1985) Selenium hazards to fish, wildlife, and invertebrates: a synoptic review. Biol Rep 85 (1.5). U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Washington, DC."},{"key":"4_CR58","volume-title":"Biol Rep","author":"R. Eisler","year":"1987","unstructured":"Eisler R (1987) Mercury hazards to fish, wildlife, and invertebrates: a synoptic review. Biol Rep 85 (1.10). U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Washington, DC."},{"key":"4_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1201\/9781420032741","volume-title":"Handbook of Chemical Risk Assessment: Health Hazards to Humans, Plants, and Animals","author":"R. Eisler","year":"2000","unstructured":"Eisler R (2000) Mercury. In: Handbook of Chemical Risk Assessment: Health Hazards to Humans, Plants, and Animals, Vol 1. Lewis, Boca Raton, FL, pp 313\u2013409."},{"key":"4_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1024573701073","volume":"25","author":"R. Eisler","year":"2003","unstructured":"Eisler R (2003) Health risks of gold miners: a synoptic review. Environ Geochem Health 25:325\u2013345.","journal-title":"Environ Geochem Health"},{"key":"4_CR61","first-page":"875","volume":"19","author":"S.G. Elhassni","year":"1983","unstructured":"Elhassni SG (1983) The many faces of methylmercury poisoning. J Toxicol 19:875\u2013906.","journal-title":"J Toxicol"},{"issue":"3","key":"4_CR62","first-page":"21","volume":"3","author":"H.L. Evans","year":"1982","unstructured":"Evans HL, Garman RH, Laties VG (1982) Neurotoxicity of methylmercury in the pigeon. Neurotoxicology 3(3):21\u201336.","journal-title":"Neurotoxicology"},{"key":"4_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"923","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01189745","volume":"80","author":"C. Facemire","year":"1995","unstructured":"Facemire C, Augspurger T, Bateman D, Brim M, Conzelmann P, Delchamps S, Douglas E, Inmon L, Looney K, Lopez F, Masson G, Morrison D, Morse N, Robison A (1995) Impacts of mercury contamination in the southeastern United States. Water Air Soil Pollut 80:923\u2013926.","journal-title":"Water Air Soil Pollut"},{"key":"4_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"A474","DOI":"10.2307\/3454945","volume":"109","author":"S. Fai]ields","year":"2001","unstructured":"Fai]ields S (2001) Tarnishing the earth: gold mining\u2019s dirty secret. Environ Health Perspect 109:A474\u2013A482.","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"key":"4_CR65","first-page":"601","volume-title":"The Biogeochemistry of Mercury in the Environment","author":"M. Fimreite","year":"1979","unstructured":"Fimreite M (1979) Accumulation and effects of mercury on birds. In: Nriagu JO (ed) The Biogeochemistry of Mercury in the Environment. Elsevier\/North-Holland, New York, pp 601\u2013627."},{"key":"4_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1016\/0013-9327(78)90137-4","volume":"16","author":"M.T. Finley","year":"1978","unstructured":"Finley MT, Stendell RC (1978) Survival and reproductive success of black ducks fed methylmercury. Environ Pollut 16:51\u201364.","journal-title":"Environ Pollut"},{"key":"4_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01685396","volume":"21","author":"M.T. Finley","year":"1979","unstructured":"Finley MT, Stickel WH, Christensen RE (1979) Mercury residues in tissue of dead and surviving birds fed methylmercury. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 21:105\u2013110.","journal-title":"Bull Environ Contam Toxicol"},{"key":"4_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1016\/S0048-9697(00)00564-7","volume":"260","author":"A.H. Fostier","year":"2000","unstructured":"Fostier AH, Forti MC, Guimareaes JRD, Melfi AJ, Boulet R, Santo CME, Krug FJ (2000) Mercury fluxes in a natural forested Amazonian catchment (Serra do Navio, Amapa State, Brazil). Sci Total Environ 260:201\u2013211.","journal-title":"Sci Total Environ"},{"key":"4_CR69","first-page":"449","volume":"109","author":"N. Frery","year":"2001","unstructured":"Frery N, Maury-Brachet R, Maillot E, Deheeger M, de Merona B, Boudou A (2001) Gold-mining activities and mercury contamination of native Amerindian communities in French Guiana: key role of fish in dietary uptake. Environ Health Perspect 109: 449\u2013456.","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"key":"4_CR70","volume-title":"Mercury in the Environment","year":"1972","unstructured":"Friberg L, Vostal J (eds) (1972) Mercury in the Environment. CRC Press, Cleveland, OH."},{"key":"4_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1016\/0048-9697(94)90294-1","volume":"145","author":"M.N. Futter","year":"1994","unstructured":"Futter MN (1994) Pelagic food-web structure influences probability of mercury contamination in lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush). Sci Total Environ 145:7\u201312.","journal-title":"Sci Total Environ"},{"key":"4_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.7615135","volume":"15","author":"W.A. Galster","year":"1976","unstructured":"Galster WA (1976) Mercury in Alaskan Eskimo mothers and infants. Environ Health Perspect 15:135\u2013140.","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"key":"4_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"398","DOI":"10.1007\/s002449900336","volume":"34","author":"J.C. Gariboldi","year":"1998","unstructured":"Gariboldi JC, Jagoe CH, Bryan Jr AL (1998) Dietary exposure to mercury in nestling wood storks (Mycteria americana) in Georgia. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol 34: 398\u2013405.","journal-title":"Arch Environ Contam Toxicol"},{"key":"4_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1149","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01189777","volume":"80","author":"C. Gaudet","year":"1995","unstructured":"Gaudet C, Lingard S, Cureton P, Keenleyside K, Smith S, Raju G (1995) Canadian environmental guidelines for mercury. Water Air Soil Pollut 80:1149\u20131159.","journal-title":"Water Air Soil Pollut"},{"key":"4_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.3354\/meps165235","volume":"165","author":"A.J. Geffen","year":"1998","unstructured":"Geffen AJ, Pearce NJG, Perkins WT (1998) Metal concentrations in fish otoliths in relation to body composition after laboratory exposure to mercury and lead. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 165:235\u2013245.","journal-title":"Mar Ecol Prog Ser"},{"key":"4_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1002\/etc.5620020107","volume":"2","author":"J.H. Gentile","year":"1983","unstructured":"Gentile JH, Gentile SM, Hoffman G, Heltshe JF, Hairston N Jr (1983) The effects of a chronic mercury exposure on survival, reproduction and population dynamics of Mysidopsis bahia. Environ Toxicol Chem 2:61\u201368.","journal-title":"Environ Toxicol Chem"},{"key":"4_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.1006\/eesa.1993.1020","volume":"25","author":"C.A. Gillis","year":"1993","unstructured":"Gillis CA, Bonnevie NL, Wenning RJ (1993) Mercury contamination in the Newark Bay estuary. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 25:214\u2013226.","journal-title":"Ecotoxicol Environ Saf"},{"key":"4_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"823","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00342319","volume":"56","author":"D.L. Godbold","year":"1991","unstructured":"Godbold DL (1991) Mercury-induced root damage in spruce seedlings. Water Air Soil Pollut 56:823\u2013831.","journal-title":"Water Air Soil Pollut"},{"key":"4_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00386781","volume":"37","author":"F.A. Green Jr","year":"1976","unstructured":"Green FA Jr, Anderson JW, Petrocelli SR, Presley BJ, Sims R (1976) Effect of mercury on the survival, respiration, and growth of postlarval white shrimp, Penaeus setiferus. Mar Biol 37:75\u201381.","journal-title":"Mar Biol"},{"key":"4_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1002\/tera.1420280105","volume":"28","author":"Y. Greener","year":"1983","unstructured":"Greener Y, Kochen J (1983) Methyl mercury toxicity in the chick embryo. Teratology 28:23\u201328.","journal-title":"Teratology"},{"issue":"3","key":"4_CR81","first-page":"91","volume":"23","author":"J. Greer","year":"1993","unstructured":"Greer J (1993) The price of gold: environmental costs of the new gold rush. Ecologist 23(3):91\u201396.","journal-title":"Ecologist"},{"key":"4_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1016\/0048-9697(95)04911-8","volume":"175","author":"J.R.D. Guimaraes","year":"1995","unstructured":"Guimaraes JRD, Malm O, Pfeiffer WC (1995) A simplified technique for measurements of net mercury methylation rates in aquatic systems near goldmining areas, Amazon, Brazil. Sci Total Environ 175:151\u2013162.","journal-title":"Sci Total Environ"},{"key":"4_CR83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1016\/S0048-9697(98)00089-8","volume":"213","author":"J.R.D. Guimaraes","year":"1998","unstructured":"Guimaraes JRD, Meili M, Malm O, Brito EMS (1998) Hg methylation in sediments and floating meadows of a tropical lake in the Pantanal floodplain, Brazil. Sci Total Environ 213:165\u2013175.","journal-title":"Brazil. Sci Total Environ"},{"key":"4_CR84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"772","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.94102772","volume":"102","author":"M.S. Gustin","year":"1994","unstructured":"Gustin MS, Taylor GE Jr, Leonard TL (1994) High levels of mercury contamination in multiple media of the Carson River drainage system of Nevada: implications for risk assessment. Environ Health Perspect 102:772\u2013778.","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"key":"4_CR85","first-page":"511","volume":"26","author":"A.C. Gutleb","year":"1997","unstructured":"Gutleb AC, Schenck C, Staib E (1997) Giant otter (Pteronura brasiliensis) at risk? Total mercury and methylmercury levels in fish and otter scats, Peru. Ambio 26:511\u2013514.","journal-title":"Ambio"},{"key":"4_CR86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01189677","volume":"80","author":"S. Hacon","year":"1995","unstructured":"Hacon S, Artaxo P, Gerab F, Yamasoe MA, Campos RC, Conti LF, De Lacerda LD (1995) Atmospheric mercury and trace elements in the region of Alta Floresta in the Amazon basin. Water Air Soil Pollut 80:273\u2013283.","journal-title":"Water Air Soil Pollut"},{"key":"4_CR87","first-page":"91","volume":"97","author":"S. Hacon","year":"1997","unstructured":"Hacon S, Rochedo ER, Campos R, Rosales G, Lacerda LD (1997) Risk assessment of mercury in Alta Floresta, Amazon Basin, Brazil. Water Air Soil Pollut 97:91\u2013105.","journal-title":"Water Air Soil Pollut"},{"key":"4_CR88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1080\/10643389509388474","volume":"25","author":"T. Hamasaki","year":"1995","unstructured":"Hamasaki T, Nagase H, Yoshioka Y, Sato T (1995) Formation, distribution, and ecotoxicity of methylmetals of tin, mercury, and arsenic in the environment. Crit Rev Environ Sci Technol 25:45\u201391.","journal-title":"Crit Rev Environ Sci Technol"},{"key":"4_CR89","first-page":"717","volume":"106C","author":"R.D. Handy","year":"1993","unstructured":"Handy RD, Penrice WS (1993) The influence of high oral doses of mercuric chloride on organ toxicant concentrations and histopathology in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss. Comp Biochem Physiol 106C:717\u2013724.","journal-title":"Comp Biochem Physiol"},{"key":"4_CR90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3127","DOI":"10.1139\/z82-397","volume":"60","author":"C.W. Hawryshyn","year":"1982","unstructured":"Hawryshyn CW, Mackay WC, Nilsson TH (1982) Methyl mercury induced visual deficits in rainbow trout. Can J Zool 60:3127\u20133133.","journal-title":"Can J Zool"},{"key":"4_CR91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"394","DOI":"10.2307\/3800348","volume":"43","author":"G.H. Heinz","year":"1979","unstructured":"Heinz GH (1979) Methylmercury: reproductive and behavioral effects on three generations of mallard ducks. J Wildl Manag 43:394\u2013401.","journal-title":"J Wildl Manag"},{"key":"4_CR92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"372","DOI":"10.1016\/S0013-9351(87)80203-7","volume":"42","author":"G.H. Heinz","year":"1987","unstructured":"Heinz GH (1987) Mercury accumulations in mallards fed methylmercury with or without added DDE. Environ Res 42:372\u2013376.","journal-title":"Environ Res"},{"key":"4_CR93","first-page":"118","volume-title":"Noninfectious Diseases of Wildlife","author":"G.H. Heinz","year":"1996","unstructured":"Heinz GH (1996) Mercury poisoning in wildlife. In: Fairbrother A, Locke LN, Hoff GL (eds) Noninfectious Diseases of Wildlife, 2nd Ed. Iowa State University Press, Ames, pp 118\u2013127.","edition":"2nd Ed."},{"key":"4_CR94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1897\/1551-5028(1998)017<0139:MCASIO>2.3.CO;2","volume":"17","author":"G.H. Heinz","year":"1998","unstructured":"Heinz GH, Hoffman DJ (1998) Methylmercury chloride and selenomethionine interactions on health and reproduction in mallards. Environ Toxicol Chem 17:139\u2013145.","journal-title":"Environ Toxicol Chem"},{"key":"4_CR95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1007\/s00244-002-2021-6","volume":"44","author":"G.H. Heinz","year":"2003","unstructured":"Heinz GH, Hoffman DJ (2003) Embryotoxic thresholds of mercury: estimates from individual mallard eggs. Arch Environ Toxicol Chem 44:257\u2013264.","journal-title":"Arch Environ Toxicol Chem"},{"key":"4_CR96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.2307\/1589469","volume":"20","author":"G.H. Heinz","year":"1976","unstructured":"Heinz GH, Locke LN (1976) Brain lesions in mallard ducklings from parents fed methylmercury. Avian Dis 20:9\u201317.","journal-title":"Avian Dis"},{"key":"4_CR97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1016327602656","volume":"11","author":"C.J. Henny","year":"2002","unstructured":"Henny CJ, Hill EF, Hoffman DJ, Spalding MG, Grove RA (2002) Nineteenth century mercury: hazard to wading birds and cormorants of the Carson River, Nevada. Ecotoxicology 11:213\u2013231.","journal-title":"Ecotoxicology"},{"key":"4_CR98","volume-title":"PhD thesis","author":"E.F. Hill","year":"1981","unstructured":"Hill EF (1981) Inorganic and organic mercury toxicity to coturnix: sensitivity related to age and quantal assessment of physiological responses. PhD thesis, University of Maryland, College Park, MD."},{"key":"4_CR99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.1002\/etc.5620030311","volume":"3","author":"E.F. Hill","year":"1984","unstructured":"Hill EF, Soares JH Jr (1984) Subchronic mercury toxicity in Coturnix and a method of hazard evaluation. Environ Toxicol Chem 3:489\u2013502.","journal-title":"Environ Toxicol Chem"},{"key":"4_CR100","first-page":"303","volume":"87C","author":"A.M. Hilmy","year":"1987","unstructured":"Hilmy AM, El Domiaty NA, Daabees AY, Moussa FI (1987) Short-term effects of mercury on survival, behaviour, bioaccumulation and ionic pattern in the catfish (Clarias lazera). Comp Biochem Physiol 87C:303\u2013308.","journal-title":"Comp Biochem Physiol"},{"key":"4_CR101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1249","DOI":"10.2331\/suisan.49.1249","volume":"49","author":"R. Hirota","year":"1983","unstructured":"Hirota R, Asada J, Tajima S, Fujiki M (1983) Accumulation of mercury by the marine copepod Acartia clausi. Bull Jpn Soc Fish 49:1249\u20131251.","journal-title":"Bull Jpn Soc Fish"},{"key":"4_CR102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1897\/1551-5028(1998)017<0161:EOMASO>2.3.CO;2","volume":"17","author":"D.J. Hoffman","year":"1998","unstructured":"Hoffman DJ, Heinz GH (1998) Effects of mercury and selenium on glutathione metabolism and oxidative stress in mallard ducks. Environ Toxicol Chem 17:161\u2013166.","journal-title":"Environ Toxicol Chem"},{"key":"4_CR103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2621.1973.tb01685.x","volume":"8","author":"A.V. Holden","year":"1973","unstructured":"Holden AV (1973) Mercury in fish and shellfish, a review. J Food Technol 8:1\u201325.","journal-title":"J Food Technol"},{"key":"4_CR104","first-page":"277","volume-title":"The Biogeochemistry of Mercury in the Environment","author":"J.W. Huckabee","year":"1979","unstructured":"Huckabee JW, Elwood JE, Hildebrand SG (1979) Accumulation of mercury in freshwater biota. In: Nriagu JO (ed) The Biogeochemistry of Mercury in the Environment. Elsevier\/North-Holland, New York, pp 277\u2013301."},{"key":"4_CR105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1016\/0013-9351(81)90196-1","volume":"26","author":"J.W. Huckabee","year":"1981","unstructured":"Huckabee JW, Lucas DM, Baird JM (1981) Occurrence of methylated mercury in a terrestrial food chain. Environ Res 26:174\u2013181.","journal-title":"Environ Res"},{"key":"4_CR106","volume-title":"Resour Publ 153","author":"R.H. Hudson","year":"1984","unstructured":"Hudson RH, Tucker RK, Haegle MA (1984) Handbook of toxicity of pesticides to wildlife. Resour Publ 153. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Washington, DC."},{"key":"4_CR107","first-page":"478","volume":"23","author":"L.D. Hylander","year":"1994","unstructured":"Hylander LD, Silva EC, Oliveira LJ, Silva SA, Kuntze EK, Silva DX (1994) Mercury levels in Alto Pantanal: a screening study. Ambio 23:478\u2013484.","journal-title":"Ambio"},{"key":"4_CR108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1016\/0048-9697(96)05178-9","volume":"191","author":"J.R. Ikingura","year":"1996","unstructured":"Ikingura JR, Akagi H (1996) Monitoring of fish and human exposure to mercury due to gold mining in the Lake Victoria goldfields, Tanzania. Sci Total Environ 191:59\u201368.","journal-title":"Sci Total Environ"},{"key":"4_CR109","first-page":"223","volume":"97","author":"J.R. Ikingura","year":"1997","unstructured":"Ikingura JR, Mutakyahwa MKD, Kahatano JMJ (1997) Mercury and mining in Africa with special reference to Tanzania. Water Air Soil Pollut 97:223\u2013232.","journal-title":"Water Air Soil Pollut"},{"key":"4_CR110","first-page":"166","volume":"23","author":"A. Jernelov","year":"1994","unstructured":"Jernelov A, Ramel C (1994) Mercury in the environment. Ambio 23:166.","journal-title":"Ambio"},{"key":"4_CR111","first-page":"167","volume-title":"Environmental Mercury Contamination","author":"A. Jernelov","year":"1972","unstructured":"Jernelov A, Hartung R, Trost PB, Bisque RE (1972) Environmental dynamics of mercury. In: Hartung R, Dinman BD (eds) Environmental Mercury Contamination. Ann Arbor Science, Ann Arbor, MI, pp 167\u2013201."},{"key":"4_CR112","first-page":"810","volume":"47","author":"A. Jernelov","year":"1975","unstructured":"Jernelov A, Landner L, Larsson T (1975) Swedish perspectives on mercury pollution. J Water Pollut Control Fed 47:810\u2013822.","journal-title":"J Water Pollut Control Fed"},{"key":"4_CR113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"494","DOI":"10.2307\/1564779","volume":"25","author":"R.D. Kanamadi","year":"1991","unstructured":"Kanamadi RD, Saidapur SK (1991) Effect of sublethal concentration of mercuric chloride on the ovary of the frog Rana cyanophlyctis. J Herpetol 25:494\u2013497.","journal-title":"J Herpetol"},{"key":"4_CR114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1007\/s002449900294","volume":"34","author":"K. Kannan","year":"1998","unstructured":"Kannan K, Smith RJ Jr, Lee RF, Windom HL, Heitmuller PT, Macauley JM, Summers JK (1998) Distribution of total mercury and methyl mercury in water, sediment, and fish from south Florida estuaries. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol 34:109\u2013118.","journal-title":"Arch Environ Contam Toxicol"},{"key":"4_CR115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00388429","volume":"36","author":"H. Kayser","year":"1976","unstructured":"Kayser H (1976) Waste-water assay with continuous algal cultures: the effect of mercuric acetate on the growth of some marine dinoflagellates. Mar Biol 36:61\u201372.","journal-title":"Mar Biol"},{"key":"4_CR116","first-page":"279","volume-title":"Marine Pollution and Sea Life","author":"S. Keckes","year":"1972","unstructured":"Keckes S, Miettinen JJ (1972) Mercury as a marine pollutant. In: Ruivo M (ed) Marine Pollution and Sea Life. Fishing Trading News, London, pp 279\u2013289."},{"key":"4_CR117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00004640","volume":"37","author":"A.T. Khan","year":"1993","unstructured":"Khan AT, Weis JS (1993) Differential effects of organic and inorganic mercury on the micropyle of the eggs of Fundulus heteroclitus. Environ Biol Fish 37:323\u2013327.","journal-title":"Environ Biol Fish"},{"key":"4_CR118","first-page":"501","volume-title":"The Biogeochemistry of Mercury in the Environment","author":"K.S. Khera","year":"1979","unstructured":"Khera KS (1979) Teratogenic and genetic effects of mercury toxicity. In: Nriagu JO (ed) The Biogeochemistry of Mercury in the Environment. Elsevier\/North-Holland, New York, pp 501\u2013518."},{"key":"4_CR119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1016\/0147-6513(88)90069-3","volume":"15","author":"R. Kirubagaran","year":"1988","unstructured":"Kirubagaran R, Joy KP (1988) Toxic effects of three mercurial compounds on survival and histology of the kidney of the catfish Clarias batrachus (L.). Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 15:171\u2013179.","journal-title":"Ecotoxicol Environ Saf"},{"key":"4_CR120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1016\/0147-6513(89)90046-8","volume":"17","author":"R. Kirubagaran","year":"1989","unstructured":"Kirubagaran R, Joy KP (1989) Toxic effects of mercurials on thyroid function of the catfish, Clarias batrachus (L.). Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 17:265\u2013271.","journal-title":"Ecotoxicol Environ Saf"},{"key":"4_CR121","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1095-8649.1992.tb02659.x","volume":"41","author":"R. Kirubagaran","year":"1992","unstructured":"Kirubagaran R, Joy KP (1992) Toxic effects of mercury on testicular activity in the freshwater teleost, Clarias batrachus (L.). J Fish Biol 41:305\u2013315.","journal-title":"J Fish Biol"},{"key":"4_CR122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01685108","volume":"11","author":"F.C. Kopfler","year":"1974","unstructured":"Kopfler FC (1974) The accumulation of organic and inorganic mercury compounds by the eastern oyster (Crassostrea virginica). Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 11:275\u2013280.","journal-title":"Bull Environ Contam Toxicol"},{"key":"4_CR123","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1006\/eesa.1998.1692","volume":"41","author":"F. Korte","year":"1998","unstructured":"Korte F, Coulston F (1998) Some considerations on the impact of ecological chemical principles in practice with emphasis on gold mining and cyanide. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 41:119\u2013129.","journal-title":"Ecotoxicol Environ Saf"},{"key":"4_CR124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1897\/1552-8618(1992)11[357:GAKCMI]2.0.CO;2","volume":"11","author":"V.J. Kramer","year":"1992","unstructured":"Kramer VJ, Newman MC, Mulvey M, Ultsch GR (1992) Glycolysis and Krebs cycle metabolites in mosquitofish, Gambusia holbrooki, Girard 1859, exposed to mercuric chloride: allozyme genotype effects. Environ Toxicol Chem 11:357\u2013364.","journal-title":"Environ Toxicol Chem"},{"key":"4_CR125","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1016\/0025-326X(90)90798-D","volume":"21","author":"M.D. Krom","year":"1990","unstructured":"Krom MD, Hornung H, Cohen Y (1990) Determination of the environmental capacity of Haifa Bay with respect to the input of mercury. Mar Pollut Bull 21:349\u2013354.","journal-title":"Mar Pollut Bull"},{"key":"4_CR126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.4098\/AT.arch.82-44","volume":"27","author":"A. Krynski","year":"1982","unstructured":"Krynski A, Kaluzinski J, Wlazelko M, Adamowski A (1982) Contamination of roe deer by mercury compounds. Acta Theriol 27:499\u2013507.","journal-title":"Acta Theriol"},{"key":"4_CR127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2250","DOI":"10.1139\/z83-297","volume":"61","author":"E. Kucera","year":"1983","unstructured":"Kucera E (1983) Mink and otter as indicators of mercury in Manitoba waters. Can J Zool 61:2250\u20132256.","journal-title":"Can J Zool"},{"key":"4_CR128","first-page":"209","volume":"97","author":"L.D. Lacerda","year":"1997","unstructured":"Lacerda LD (1997a) Global mercury emissions from gold and silver mining. Water Air Soil Pollut 97:209\u2013221.","journal-title":"Water Air Soil Pollut"},{"key":"4_CR129","first-page":"247","volume":"97","author":"L.D. Lacerda","year":"1997","unstructured":"Lacerda LD (1997b) Evolution of mercury contamination in Brazil. Water Air Soil Pollut 97:247\u2013255.","journal-title":"Water Air Soil Pollut"},{"key":"4_CR130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1897\/1551-5028(1997)016<0100:TESAN>2.3.CO;2","volume":"16","author":"T.E. Lacher Jr","year":"1997","unstructured":"Lacher TE Jr, Goldstein MI (1997) Tropical ecotoxicology: status and needs. Environ Toxicol Chem 16:100\u2013111.","journal-title":"Environ Toxicol Chem"},{"key":"4_CR131","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00342278","volume":"56","author":"R.C. Lathrop","year":"1991","unstructured":"Lathrop RC, Rasmussem PW, Knauer DR (1991) Mercury concentrations in walleyes from Wisconsin (USA) lakes. Water Air Soil Pollut 56:295\u2013307.","journal-title":"Water Air Soil Pollut"},{"key":"4_CR132","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"424","DOI":"10.1016\/0013-9351(77)90050-0","volume":"14","author":"J.D. Leander","year":"1977","unstructured":"Leander JD, McMillan DE, Barlow TS (1977) Chronic mercuric chloride: behavioral effects in pigeons. Environ Res 14:424\u2013435.","journal-title":"Environ Res"},{"key":"4_CR133","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1016\/S0048-9697(00)00543-X","volume":"260","author":"P.J. Lechler","year":"2000","unstructured":"Lechler PJ, Miller JR, Lacerda LD, Vinson D, Bonzongo JC, Lyons WB, Warwick JJ (2000) Elevated mercury concentrations in soils, sediments, water, and fish of the Madeira River basin, Brazilian Amazon: a function of natural enrichments? Sci Total Environ 260:87\u201396.","journal-title":"Sci Total Environ"},{"key":"4_CR134","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"739","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1752-1688.1994.tb03326.x","volume":"30","author":"D.S. Leigh","year":"1994","unstructured":"Leigh DS (1994) Mercury contamination and floodplain sedimentation from former gold mines in north Georgia. Water Resour Bull 30:739\u2013748.","journal-title":"Water Resour Bull"},{"key":"4_CR135","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"244","DOI":"10.1007\/s002540050153","volume":"30","author":"D.S. Leigh","year":"1997","unstructured":"Leigh DS (1997) Mercury-tainted overbank sediment from past gold mining in north Georgia, USA. Environ Geol 30:244\u2013251.","journal-title":"Environ Geol"},{"key":"4_CR136","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1006\/enrs.2000.4051","volume":"83A","author":"A.P.S. Lima","year":"2000","unstructured":"Lima APS, Muller RCS, Sarkis JES, Alves CN, Bentes MHS, Brabo E, Santos EO (2000) Mercury contamination in fish from Santarem, Para, Brazil. Environ Res 83A: 117\u2013122.","journal-title":"Environ Res"},{"key":"4_CR137","first-page":"233","volume":"97","author":"Y. Lin","year":"1997","unstructured":"Lin Y, Guo M, Gan W (1997) Mercury pollution from small gold mines in China. Water Air Soil Pollut 97:233\u2013239.","journal-title":"Water Air Soil Pollut"},{"key":"4_CR138","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.7589\/0090-3558-19.2.114","volume":"19","author":"R.C. Lindsay","year":"1983","unstructured":"Lindsay RC, Dimmick RW (1983) Mercury residues in wood ducks and wood duck foods in eastern Tennessee. J Wildl Dis 19:114\u2013117.","journal-title":"J Wildl Dis"},{"key":"4_CR139","unstructured":"Lindqvist O (ed) (1991) Mercury as an environmental pollutant. Water Air Soil Pollut 56:1\u2013847."},{"key":"4_CR140","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00542429","volume":"55","author":"O. Lindqvist","year":"1991","unstructured":"Lindqvist O, Johansson K, Aastrup M, Andersson A, Bringmark L, Hovsenius G, Hakanson L, Iverfeldt A, Meili M, Timm B (1991) Mercury in the Swedish environment\u2014recent research on causes, consequences and corrective methods. Water Air Soil Pollut 55:1\u2013261.","journal-title":"Water Air Soil Pollut"},{"key":"4_CR141","first-page":"142","volume":"77","author":"E.E. Littrell","year":"1991","unstructured":"Littrell EE (1991) Mercury in western grebes at Lake Berryessa and Clear Lake, California. Calif Fish Game 77:142\u2013144.","journal-title":"Calif Fish Game"},{"key":"4_CR142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1016\/S0048-9697(00)00561-1","volume":"260","author":"W.L. Lockhart","year":"2000","unstructured":"Lockhart WL, Macdonald RW, Outridge PM, Wilkinson P, DeLaronde JB, Rudd JWM (2000) Tests of the fidelity of lake sediment core records of mercury deposition to known histories of mercury contamination. Sci Total Environ 260:171\u2013180.","journal-title":"Sci Total Environ"},{"key":"4_CR143","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00599051","volume":"19","author":"M. Lodenius","year":"1983","unstructured":"Lodenius M, Seppanen A, Herrnanen M (1983) Accumulation of mercury in fish and man from reservoirs in northern Finland. Water Air Soil Pollut 19:237\u2013246.","journal-title":"Water Air Soil Pollut"},{"key":"4_CR144","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1071\/MF9840441","volume":"35","author":"J.M. Lyle","year":"1984","unstructured":"Lyle JM (1984) Mercury concentrations in four carcharinid and three hammerhead sharks from coastal waters of the Northern Territory. Austral J Mar Freshw Res 35:441\u2013451.","journal-title":"Austral J Mar Freshw Res"},{"key":"4_CR145","first-page":"581","volume-title":"The Biogeochemistry of Mercury in the Environment","author":"L. Magos","year":"1979","unstructured":"Magos L, Webb M (1979) Synergism and antagonism in the toxicology of mercury. In: Nriagu JO (ed) The Biogeochemistry of Mercury in the Environment. Elsevier\/North-Holland, New York, pp 581\u2013599."},{"key":"4_CR146","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1006\/enrs.1998.3828","volume":"77A","author":"O. Malm","year":"1998","unstructured":"Malm O (1998) Gold mining as a source of mercury exposure in the Brazilian Amazon. Environ Res 77A:73\u201378.","journal-title":"Environ Res"},{"key":"4_CR147","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1016\/0048-9697(95)04910-X","volume":"175","author":"O. Malm","year":"1995","unstructured":"Malm O, Branches FJP, Akagi H, Castro MB, Pfeiffer WC, Harada M, Bastos WR, Kato H (1995a). Mercury and methylmercury in fish and human hair from the Tapajos river basin, Brazil. Sci Total Environ 175:141\u2013150.","journal-title":"Sci Total Environ"},{"key":"4_CR148","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1016\/0048-9697(95)04909-6","volume":"175","author":"O. Malm","year":"1995","unstructured":"Malm O, Castro MB, Bastos WR, Branches FJP, Guimaraes JRD, Zuffo CE, Pfeiffer WC (1995b) An assessment of Hg pollution in different goldmining areas, Amazon Brazil. Sci Total Environ 175:127\u2013140.","journal-title":"Amazon Brazil. Sci Total Environ"},{"key":"4_CR149","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1016\/S0048-9697(98)00074-6","volume":"213","author":"O. Malm","year":"1998","unstructured":"Malm O, de Freitas Fonseca M, Miguel PH, Bastos WR, Pinto FN (1998) Use of epiphyte plants as biomonitors to map atmospheric mercury in a gold trade center city, Amazon, Brazil, Sci Total Environ 213:57\u201364.","journal-title":"Sci Total Environ"},{"key":"4_CR150","first-page":"45","volume":"97","author":"O. Malm","year":"1997","unstructured":"Malm O, Guimaraes JRD, Castro MB, Bastos WR, Viana JP, Branches FJP, Silveira EG, Pfeiffer WC (1997) Follow-up of mercury levels in fish, human hair and urine in the Madeira and Tapajos basin, Amazon, Brazil. Water Air Soil Pollut 97:45\u201351.","journal-title":"Water Air Soil Pollut"},{"key":"4_CR151","first-page":"11","volume":"19","author":"O. Malm","year":"1990","unstructured":"Malm O, Pfeiffer WC, Souza CMM, Reuther R (1990) Mercury pollution due to gold mining in the Madeira River Basin, Brazil. Ambio 19:11\u201315.","journal-title":"Ambio"},{"key":"4_CR152","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1000","DOI":"10.3382\/ps.0621000","volume":"62","author":"B.E. March","year":"1983","unstructured":"March BE, Poon RE, Chu S (1983) The dynamics of ingested methyl mercury in growing and laying chickens. Poult Sci 62:1000\u20131009.","journal-title":"Poult Sci"},{"key":"4_CR153","first-page":"252","volume":"17","author":"L.A. Martinelli","year":"1988","unstructured":"Martinelli LA, Ferreira JR, Forsberg BR, Victoria RL (1988) Mercury contamination in the Amazon: a gold rush consequence. Ambio 17:252\u2013254.","journal-title":"Ambio"},{"key":"4_CR154","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1845","DOI":"10.1016\/S0045-6535(97)00019-2","volume":"34","author":"C.F. Mason","year":"1992","unstructured":"Mason CF, Madsen AB (1992) Mercury in Danish otters (Lutra lutra) Chemosphere 34: 1845\u20131849.","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"4_CR155","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1016\/S0883-2927(98)00043-2","volume":"14","author":"J.A. Mastrine","year":"1999","unstructured":"Mastrine JA, Bonzongo JCJ, Lyons WB (1999) Mercury concentrations in surface waters from fluvial systems draining historical precious metals mining areas in southeastern U.S.A. Appl Geochem 14:147\u2013158.","journal-title":"Appl Geochem"},{"key":"4_CR156","first-page":"40","volume":"10","author":"T.P. McClurg","year":"1984","unstructured":"McClurg TP (1984) Effects of fluoride, cadmium and mercury on the estuarine prawn Penaeus indicus. Water SA (Pretoria) 10:40\u201345.","journal-title":"Water SA (Pretoria)"},{"key":"4_CR157","first-page":"146","volume-title":"Mercury in the Western Environment","author":"L.C. McEwen","year":"1973","unstructured":"McEwen LC, Tucker RK, Ells JO, Haegle M (1973) Mercury-wildlife studies by the Denver Wildlife Research Center. In: Buhler DR (ed) Mercury in the Western Environment. Oregon State University, Corvallis, pp 146\u2013156."},{"key":"4_CR158","first-page":"92","volume":"27","author":"J.A. Meech","year":"1998","unstructured":"Meech JA, Veiga MM, Tromans D (1998) Reactivity of mercury from gold mining activities in darkwater ecosystems. Ambio 27:92\u201398.","journal-title":"Ambio"},{"key":"4_CR159","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00279168","volume":"86","author":"J.R. Miller","year":"1996","unstructured":"Miller JR, Rowland J, Lechler PJ, Desilets M, Hsu LC (1996) Dispersal of mercurycontaminated sediments by geomorphic processes, Sixmile Canyon, Nevada, USA: implications to site characterization and remediation of fluvial environments. Water Air Soil Pollut 86:373\u2013388.","journal-title":"Water Air Soil Pollut"},{"key":"4_CR160","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1006\/enrs.2001.4256","volume":"86A","author":"J.H. Mol","year":"2001","unstructured":"Mol JH, Ramlal JS, Lietar C, Verloo M (2001) Mercury contamination in freshwater, estuarine, and marine fishes in relation to small-scale gold mining in Suriname, South America. Environ Res 86A:183\u2013197.","journal-title":"Environ Res"},{"key":"4_CR161","volume-title":"Mercury","author":"K. Montague","year":"1971","unstructured":"Montague K, Montague P (1971) Mercury. Sierra Club, New York."},{"key":"4_CR162","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"903","DOI":"10.1016\/0043-1354(80)90272-9","volume":"14","author":"J.W. Moore","year":"1980","unstructured":"Moore JW, Sutherland DJ (1980) Mercury concentrations in fish inhabiting two polluted lakes in northern Canada. Water Res 14:903\u2013907.","journal-title":"Water Res"},{"key":"4_CR163","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.1007\/s002449900141","volume":"31","author":"M.A. Mora","year":"1996","unstructured":"Mora MA (1996) Organochlorines and trace elements in four colonial waterbird species nesting in the lower Laguna Madre, Texas. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol 31:533\u2013537.","journal-title":"Arch Environ Contam Toxicol"},{"key":"4_CR164","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"302","DOI":"10.2307\/3800609","volume":"41","author":"W.H. Mullins","year":"1977","unstructured":"Mullins WH, Bizeau EG, Benson WW (1977) Effects of phenyl mercury on captive game farm pheasants. J Wildl Manag 41:302\u2013308.","journal-title":"J Wildl Manag"},{"key":"4_CR165","first-page":"601","volume-title":"Ecological Issues and Environmental Impact assessment","author":"D.E. Nanda","year":"1997","unstructured":"Nanda DE, Mishra BB (1997) Effect of solid waste from a chlor-alkali factory on rice plants; mercury accumulation and changes in biochemical variables. In: Cheremisinoff PN (ed) Ecological Issues and Environmental Impact assessment. Gulf Publishing, Houston, TX, pp 601\u2013612."},{"key":"4_CR166","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1016\/0025-3227(75)90006-7","volume":"18","author":"C.H. Nelson","year":"1975","unstructured":"Nelson CH, Pierce DE, Leong KW, Wang FFH (1975) Mercury distribution in ancient and modern sediment of northeastern Bering Sea. Mar Geol 18:91\u2013104.","journal-title":"Mar Geol"},{"key":"4_CR167","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"819","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01160295","volume":"18","author":"M.C. Newman","year":"1989","unstructured":"Newman MC, Doubet DK (1989) Size-dependence of mercury (II) accumulation kinetics in the mosquitofish, Gambusia affinis (Baird and Girard). Arch Environ Contam Toxicol 18:819\u2013825.","journal-title":"Arch Environ Contam Toxicol"},{"key":"4_CR168","first-page":"265","volume":"94C","author":"D.M. Nicholls","year":"1989","unstructured":"Nicholls DM, Teichert-Kuliszewska K, Girgis GR (1989) Effect of chronic mercuric chloride exposure on liver and muscle enzymes in fish. Comp Biochem Physiol 94C: 265\u2013270.","journal-title":"Comp Biochem Physiol"},{"key":"4_CR169","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1016\/0143-1471(84)90010-2","volume":"33A","author":"J.K. Nicholson","year":"1984","unstructured":"Nicholson JK, Osborn D (1984) Kidney lesions in juvenile starlings Sturnus vulgaris fed on a mercury-contaminated synthetic diet. Environ Pollut 33A:195\u2013206.","journal-title":"Environ Pollut"},{"key":"4_CR170","first-page":"287","volume":"3","author":"L.G. Nico","year":"1994","unstructured":"Nico LG, Taphorn DC (1994) Mercury in fish from gold-mining regions in the upper Cuyuni River system, Venezuela. Fresenius Environ Bull 3:287\u2013292.","journal-title":"Fresenius Environ Bull"},{"key":"4_CR171","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00224801","volume":"26","author":"A.J. Niimi","year":"1994","unstructured":"Niimi AJ, Kissoon GP (1994) Evaluation of the critical body burden concept based on inorganic and organic mercury toxicity to rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Arch Environ Contam Toxicol 26:169\u2013178.","journal-title":"Arch Environ Contam Toxicol"},{"key":"4_CR172","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01055281","volume":"13","author":"A.J. Niimi","year":"1984","unstructured":"Niimi AJ, Lowe-Jinde L (1984) Differential blood cell ratios of rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) exposed to methylmercury and chlorobenzenes. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol 13:303\u2013311.","journal-title":"Arch Environ Contam Toxicol"},{"key":"4_CR173","volume-title":"The Biogeochemistry of Mercury in the Environment","year":"1979","unstructured":"Nriagu JO (ed) (1979) The Biogeochemistry of Mercury in the Environment. Elsevier\/ North-Holland, New York."},{"key":"4_CR174","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"589","DOI":"10.1038\/363589a0","volume":"363","author":"J.O. Nriagu","year":"1993","unstructured":"Nriagu JO (1993) Legacy of mercury pollution. Nature (Lond) 363:589.","journal-title":"Nature (Lond)"},{"key":"4_CR175","first-page":"131","volume-title":"Mercury and Its Effects on Environment and Biology","author":"J. Nriagu","year":"1997","unstructured":"Nriagu J, Wong HKT (1997) Gold rushes and mercury pollution. In: Sigal A, Sigal H (eds) Mercury and Its Effects on Environment and Biology. Dekker, New York, pp 131\u2013160."},{"key":"4_CR176","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1003","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01189754","volume":"80","author":"M. Odin","year":"1995","unstructured":"Odin M, Fuertet-Mazel A, Ribeyre F, Boudou A (1995) Temperature, pH and photoperiod effects on mercury bioaccumulation by nymphs of the burrowing mayfly Hexagenia rigida. Water Air Soil Pollut 80:1003\u20131006.","journal-title":"Water Air Soil Pollut"},{"key":"4_CR177","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1014207832471","volume":"24","author":"J.S. Ogola","year":"2002","unstructured":"Ogola JS, Mitullah WV, Omulo MA (2002) Impact of gold mining on the environment and human health: a case study in the Migori gold belt, Kenya. Environ Geochem Health 24:141\u2013158.","journal-title":"Environ Geochem Health"},{"key":"4_CR178","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1016\/S0048-9697(98)00175-2","volume":"217","author":"J. Olivero","year":"1998","unstructured":"Olivero J, Solano B (1998) Mercury in environmental samples from a waterbody contaminated by gold mining in Columbia, South America. Sci Total Environ 217:83\u201389.","journal-title":"Sci Total Environ"},{"key":"4_CR179","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"438","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1739.2001.015002438.x","volume":"15","author":"Y. Oryu","year":"2001","unstructured":"Oryu Y, Malm O, Thornton I, Payne I, Cleary D (2001) Mercury contamination of fish and its implications for other wildlife of the Tapajos Basin, Brazilian Amazon. Conserv Biol 15:438\u2013446.","journal-title":"Conserv Biol"},{"key":"4_CR180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1590\/1809-43921995252136","volume":"25","author":"C.R. Padovani","year":"1995","unstructured":"Padovani CR, Forsberg BR, Pimental TP (1995) Contaminacao mercurial em peixes do Rio Madeira: resultados e recomendacoes para consumo humano (in Portuguese, English summary). Acta Amazonica 25:127\u2013136.","journal-title":"Acta Amazonica"},{"key":"4_CR181","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1016\/0048-9697(95)04533-7","volume":"168","author":"D. Palheta","year":"1995","unstructured":"Palheta D, Taylor A (1995) Mercury in environmental and biological samples from a gold mining area in the Amazon region of Brazil. Sci Total Environ 168:63\u201369.","journal-title":"Sci Total Environ"},{"key":"4_CR182","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-9975(75)90079-1","volume":"85","author":"D.A. Pass","year":"1975","unstructured":"Pass DA, Little PB, Karstad LA (1975) The pathology of subacute and chronic methyl mercury poisoning of the mallard duck (Anas platyrhynchos). J Comp Pathol 85: 7\u201321.","journal-title":"J Comp Pathol"},{"key":"4_CR183","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.1016\/0048-9697(89)90256-8","volume":"87\/88","author":"K. Paulsson","year":"1989","unstructured":"Paulsson K, Lundbergh K (1989) The selenium method for treatment of lakes for elevated levels of mercury in fish. Sci Total Environ 87\/88:495\u2013507.","journal-title":"Sci Total Environ"},{"key":"4_CR184","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"724","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00206105","volume":"54","author":"E. Pelletier","year":"1995","unstructured":"Pelletier E, Audet C (1995) Tissue distribution and histopathological effects of dietary methylmercury in benthic grubby Myoxocephalus aenaeus. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 54:724\u2013730.","journal-title":"Bull Environ Contam Toxicol"},{"key":"4_CR185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1021\/bk-1995-0588.ch021","volume-title":"Chemistry of the Amazon: biodiversity, natural products, and environmental issues","author":"A. Pessoa","year":"1995","unstructured":"Pessoa A, Albuquerque GS, Barreto ML (1995) The \u201cgarimpo\u201d problem in the Amazon region. In Chemistry of the Amazon: biodiversity, natural products, and environmental issues. ACS Symposium Series 588. American Chemical Society, Washington, DC, pp 281\u2013294."},{"key":"4_CR186","unstructured":"Petralia JF (1996) Gold! Gold! A Beginner\u2019s Handbook and Recreational Guide: How & Where to Prospect for Gold! Sierra Outdoor Products, San Francisco."},{"key":"4_CR187","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"769","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01689966","volume":"46","author":"L. Petruccioli","year":"1991","unstructured":"Petruccioli L, Turillazzi P (1991) Effect of methylmercury on acetylcholinesterase and serum cholinesterase activity in monkeys, Macaca fascicularis. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 46:769\u2013773.","journal-title":"Bull Environ Contam Toxicol"},{"key":"4_CR188","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1016\/0048-9697(89)90238-6","volume":"87\/88","author":"W.C. Pfeiffer","year":"1989","unstructured":"Pfeiffer WC, de Lacerda LD, Malm O, Souza CMM, da Silveira EG, Bastos BR (1989) Mercury concentrations in inland waters of gold-mining areas in Rondonia, Brazil. Sci Total Environ 87\/88:233\u2013240.","journal-title":"Sci Total Environ"},{"key":"4_CR189","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"631","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00342305","volume":"56","author":"R.A. Ponce","year":"1991","unstructured":"Ponce RA, Bloom NS (1991) Effects of pH on the bioaccumulation of low level, dissolved methylmercury by rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Water Air Soil Pollut 56:631\u2013640.","journal-title":"Water Air Soil Pollut"},{"key":"4_CR190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Porcella D, Huckabee J, Wheatley B (eds) (1995) Mercury as a global pollutant. Water Air Soil Pollut 80:3\u20131336.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-94-011-0153-0"},{"key":"4_CR191","first-page":"205","volume":"97","author":"D.B. Porcella","year":"1997","unstructured":"Porcella DB, Ramel C, Jernelov A (1997) Global mercury pollution and the role of gold mining: an overview. Water Air Soil Pollut 97:205\u2013207.","journal-title":"Water Air Soil Pollut"},{"key":"4_CR192","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1016\/0048-9697(95)04907-X","volume":"175","author":"P. Porvari","year":"1995","unstructured":"Porvari P (1995) Mercury levels of fish in Tucurui hydroelectric reservoir and in River Moju in Amazonia, in the state of Para, Brazil. Sci Total Environ 175:109\u2013117.","journal-title":"Sci Total Environ"},{"key":"4_CR193","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00197198","volume":"50","author":"F. Punzo","year":"1993","unstructured":"Punzo F (1993) Ovarian effects of a sublethal concentration of mercuric chloride in the river frog, Rana heckscheri (Anura: Ranidae). Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 50: 385\u2013391.","journal-title":"Bull Environ Contam Toxicol"},{"key":"4_CR194","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"750","DOI":"10.1139\/f84-087","volume":"41","author":"S. Ramamorthy","year":"1984","unstructured":"Ramamorthy S, Blumhagen K (1984) Uptake of Zn, Cd, and Hg by fish in the presence of competing compartments. Can J Fish Aquat Sci 41:750\u2013756.","journal-title":"Can J Fish Aquat Sci"},{"key":"4_CR195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1139\/z77-025","volume":"55","author":"F. Ramprashad","year":"1977","unstructured":"Ramprashad F, Ronald K (1977) A surface preparation study on the effect of methylmercury on the sensory hair cell population in the cochlea of the harp seal (Pagophilus groenlandicus Erxleben, 1977). Can J Zool 55:223\u2013230.","journal-title":"Can J Zool"},{"key":"4_CR196","first-page":"19","volume":"9","author":"R.V.V.P. Rao","year":"1989","unstructured":"Rao RVVP, Jordan SA, Bhatnager MK (1989) Ultrastructure of kidney of ducks exposed to methylmercury, lead and cadmium in combination. J Environ Pathol Toxicol Oncol 9:19\u201344.","journal-title":"J Environ Pathol Toxicol Oncol"},{"key":"4_CR197","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00546279","volume":"32","author":"R. Reuther","year":"1994","unstructured":"Reuther R (1994) Mercury accumulation in sediment and fish from rivers affected by alluvial gold mining in the Brazilian Madeira River basin, Amazon. Environ Monit Assess 32:239\u2013258.","journal-title":"Environ Monit Assess"},{"key":"4_CR198","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00206974","volume":"23","author":"F. Ribeyre","year":"1984","unstructured":"Ribeyre F, Boudou A (1984) Bioaccumulation et r\u00e9partition tissulaire du mercure\u2014 HgCl2 et CH3HgCl2\u2014chez Salmo gairdneri apr\u00e8s contamination par voie directe. Water Air Soil Pollut 23:169\u2013186.","journal-title":"Water Air Soil Pollut"},{"key":"4_CR199","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1128\/MMBR.48.2.95-124.1984","volume":"48","author":"J.B. Robinson","year":"1984","unstructured":"Robinson JB, Touvinen OH (1984) Mechanisms of microbial resistance and detoxification of mercury and organomercury compounds: physiological, biochemical and genetic analysis. Microbiol Rev 48:95\u2013124.","journal-title":"Microbiol Rev"},{"key":"4_CR200","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1016\/0166-445X(82)90016-9","volume":"2","author":"D.W. Rodgers","year":"1982","unstructured":"Rodgers DW, Beamish FWH (1982) Dynamics of dietary methylmercury in rainbow trout, Salmo gairdneri. Aquat Toxicol 2:271\u2013290.","journal-title":"Aquat Toxicol"},{"key":"4_CR201","first-page":"277","volume":"1991","author":"M.E. Roelke","year":"1991","unstructured":"Roelke ME, Schultz DP, Facemire CF, Sundlof SF (1991) Mercury contamination in the free-ranging endangered Florida panther (Felis concolor coryi). Proc Am Assoc Zoo Vet 1991:277\u2013283.","journal-title":"Proc Am Assoc Zoo Vet"},{"key":"4_CR202","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1097\/00043764-200102000-00016","volume":"43","author":"M. Rojas","year":"2001","unstructured":"Rojas M, Drake PL, Roberts SM (2001) Assessing mercury health effects in gold workers near El Callao, Venezuela. J Occup Environ Med 43:158\u2013165.","journal-title":"J Occup Environ Med"},{"key":"4_CR203","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/0048-9697(77)90057-2","volume":"8","author":"K. Ronald","year":"1977","unstructured":"Ronald K, Tessaro SV, Uthe JF, Freeman HC, Frank R (1977) Methylmercury poisoning in the harp seal (Pagophilus groenlandicus). Sci Total Environ 8:1\u201311.","journal-title":"Sci Total Environ"},{"key":"4_CR204","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1080\/02705060.1993.9664844","volume":"8","author":"R.M. Ropek","year":"1993","unstructured":"Ropek RM, Neely RK (1993) Mercury levels in Michigan river otters, Lutra canadensis. J Freshw Ecol 8:141\u2013147.","journal-title":"J Freshw Ecol"},{"key":"4_CR205","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01689398","volume":"40","author":"A.M. Scheuhammer","year":"1988","unstructured":"Scheuhammer AM (1988) Chronic dietary toxicity of methylmercury in the zebra finch, Poephila guttata. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 40:123\u2013130.","journal-title":"Bull Environ Contam Toxicol"},{"key":"4_CR206","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1897\/1551-5028(1998)017<0191:MEIBCL>2.3.CO;2","volume":"17","author":"A.M. Scheuhammer","year":"1998","unstructured":"Scheuhammer AM, Atchison CM, Wong AHK, Evers DC (1998) Mercury exposure in breeding common loons (Gavia imer) in central Ontario, Canada. Environ Toxicol Chem 17:191\u2013196.","journal-title":"Environ Toxicol Chem"},{"key":"4_CR207","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"282","DOI":"10.1006\/eesa.1995.1075","volume":"31","author":"D. Schlenk","year":"1995","unstructured":"Schlenk D, Zhang YS, Nix J (1995) Expression of hepatic metallothionein messenger RNA in feral and caged fish species correlates with muscle mercury levels. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 31:282\u2013286.","journal-title":"Ecotoxicol Environ Saf"},{"key":"4_CR208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1117","DOI":"10.2307\/3808255","volume":"46","author":"T.B. Sheffy","year":"1982","unstructured":"Sheffy TB, St. Amant JR (1982) Mercury burdens in furbearers in Wisconsin. J Wildl Manag 46:1117\u20131120.","journal-title":"J Wildl Manag"},{"key":"4_CR209","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01055910","volume":"20","author":"B.Z. Siegel","year":"1991","unstructured":"Siegel BZ, Siegel SM, Correa T, Dagan C, Galvez G, Leeloy L, Padua A, Yaeger E (1991) The protection of invertebrates, fish, and vascular plants against inorganic mercury poisoning by sulfur and selenium derivatives. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol 20:241\u2013246.","journal-title":"Arch Environ Contam Toxicol"},{"key":"4_CR210","first-page":"569","volume":"103C","author":"P. Silva","year":"1992","unstructured":"Silva P, Epstein FH, Solomon RJ (1992) The effect of mercury on chloride secretion in the shark (Squalus acanthias) rectal gland. Comp Biochem Physiol 103C:569\u2013575.","journal-title":"Comp Biochem Physiol"},{"key":"4_CR211","first-page":"58","volume":"61","author":"T. Solonen","year":"1984","unstructured":"Solonen T, Lodenius M (1984) Mercury in Finnish sparrowhawks Accipiter nisus. Ornis Fenn 61:58\u201363.","journal-title":"Ornis Fenn"},{"key":"4_CR212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.1126\/science.175.4019.328","volume":"175","author":"J.W. Spann","year":"1972","unstructured":"Spann JW, Heath RG, Kreitzer JF, Locke LN (1972) Ethyl mercury p-toluene sulfonanilide: lethal and reproductive effects on pheasants. Science 175:328\u2013331.","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"4_CR213","first-page":"136","volume":"1151","author":"P.M. Stokes","year":"1981","unstructured":"Stokes PM, Dreier SI, Farkas NV, McLean RAN (1981) Bioaccumulation of mercury by attached algae in acid stressed lakes. Can Tech Rep Fish Aquat Sci 1151:136\u2013148.","journal-title":"Can Tech Rep Fish Aquat Sci"},{"key":"4_CR214","first-page":"399","volume-title":"The Biogeochemistry of Mercury in the Environment","author":"T. Suzuki","year":"1979","unstructured":"Suzuki T (1979) Dose-effect and dose-response relationships of mercury and its derivatives. In: Nriagu JO (ed) The Biogeochemistry of Mercury in the Environment. Elsevier\/North-Holland, New York, pp 399\u2013431."},{"key":"4_CR215","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1016\/0141-1136(84)90055-2","volume":"12","author":"J.E. Thain","year":"1984","unstructured":"Thain JE (1984) Effects of mercury on the prosobranch mollusc Crepidula fornicata: acute lethal toxicity and effects on growth and reproduction of chronic exposure. Mar Environ Res 12:285\u2013309.","journal-title":"Mar Environ Res"},{"key":"4_CR216","first-page":"341","volume-title":"Environmental Contaminants in Wildlife: Interpreting Tissue Concentrations","author":"D.R. Thompson","year":"1996","unstructured":"Thompson DR (1996) Mercury in birds and terrestrial mammals. In: Beyer WN, Heinz GH, Redmon-Norwood AW (eds) Environmental Contaminants in Wildlife: Interpreting Tissue Concentrations. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, pp 341\u2013356."},{"key":"4_CR217","first-page":"163","volume":"22","author":"A.V. Tupyakov","year":"1995","unstructured":"Tupyakov AV, Laperdina TG, Egerov AI, Banshchikov VA, Me013E;nikova MV, Askarova OB (1995) Mercury concentration in the abiogenic environmental components near gold and tungsten mining and concentration complexes in Eastern Transbaikalia. Water Resour 22:163\u2013169.","journal-title":"Water Resour"},{"key":"4_CR218","series-title":"Rep 440\/5-84-026","volume-title":"Ambient water quality criteria for mercury\u20141984","author":"U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA)","year":"1985","unstructured":"U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) (1985) Ambient water quality criteria for mercury\u20141984. Rep 440\/5-84-026. U.S. EPA, Washington, DC."},{"key":"4_CR219","volume-title":"An assessment of mercury in the environment","author":"U.S. National Academy of Sciences (USNAS)","year":"1978","unstructured":"U.S. National Academy of Sciences (USNAS) (1978) An assessment of mercury in the environment. National Academy of Sciences, Washington, DC."},{"key":"4_CR220","unstructured":"U.S. Public Health Service (USPHS) (1994) Toxicological profile for mercury. TP-93\/10. Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, Atlanta, GA."},{"key":"4_CR221","first-page":"173","volume":"70","author":"E.J. Molen Van der","year":"1982","unstructured":"Van der Molen EJ, Blok AA, De Graaf GJ (1982) Winter starvation and mercury intoxication in grey herons (Ardea cinerea) in the Netherlands. Ardea 70:173\u2013184.","journal-title":"Ardea"},{"key":"4_CR222","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1016\/S0048-9697(00)00548-9","volume":"259","author":"P. Straaten van","year":"2000","unstructured":"van Straaten P (2000) Human exposure to mercury due to small scale gold mining in northern Tanzania. Sci Total Environ 259:45\u201353.","journal-title":"Sci Total Environ"},{"key":"4_CR223","first-page":"216","volume":"24","author":"M.M. Veiga","year":"1995","unstructured":"Veiga MM, Meech JA, Hypolito R (1995) Educational measures to address mercury pollution from gold-mining activities in the Amazon. Ambio 24:216\u2013220.","journal-title":"Ambio"},{"key":"4_CR224","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1888","DOI":"10.1139\/f90-213","volume":"47","author":"M. Verta","year":"1990","unstructured":"Verta M (1990) Changes in fish mercury concentrations in an intensively fished lake. Can J Fish Aquat Sci 47:1888\u20131897.","journal-title":"Can J Fish Aquat Sci"},{"key":"4_CR225","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"663","DOI":"10.1590\/S0101-81751995000300022","volume":"12","author":"L.M. Vieira","year":"1995","unstructured":"Vieira LM, Alho CJR, Rerreira GAL (1995) Mercury contamination in sediment and in molluscs of Pantanel, Mato Grosso, Brazil. Rev Bras Zool 12:663\u2013670.","journal-title":"Rev Bras Zool"},{"key":"4_CR226","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1016\/0166-445X(94)90046-9","volume":"29","author":"I. Voccia","year":"1994","unstructured":"Voccia I, Krzystniak K, Dunier M, Flipo D, Fournier M (1994) In vitro mercury-related cytotoxicity and functional impairment of the immune cells of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Aquat Toxicol 29:37\u201348.","journal-title":"Aquat Toxicol"},{"key":"4_CR227","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02986770","volume":"2","author":"W. Tumpling von Jr","year":"1995","unstructured":"von Tumpling W Jr, Zeilhofer P, Ammer U, Einax J, Wilken RD (1995) Estimation of mercury content in tailings of the gold mine area of Pocone, Mato Grosso, Brazil. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2:225\u2013228.","journal-title":"Environ Sci Pollut Res Int"},{"key":"4_CR228","first-page":"2203","volume":"45","author":"C.M. Walter","year":"1973","unstructured":"Walter CM, June FC, Brown HG (1973) Mercury in fish, sediments, and water in Lake Oahe, South Dakota. J Water Pollut Control Fed 45:2203\u20132210.","journal-title":"J Water Pollut Control Fed"},{"key":"4_CR229","volume-title":"Mercury Pollution: Integration and Synthesis","year":"1994","unstructured":"Watras CJ, Huckabee JW (eds) (1994) Mercury Pollution: Integration and Synthesis. Lewis, Boca Raton, FL."},{"key":"4_CR230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00283569","volume":"92","author":"D.M. Wayne","year":"1996","unstructured":"Wayne DM, Warwick JJ, Lechler PJ, Gill GA, Lyons WB (1996) Mercury contamination in the Carson River, Nevada: a preliminary study of the impact of mining wastes. Water Air Soil Pollut 92:391\u2013408.","journal-title":"Water Air Soil Pollut"},{"key":"4_CR231","first-page":"464","volume":"74","author":"J.S. Weis","year":"1976","unstructured":"Weis JS (1976) Effects of mercury, cadmium, and lead salts on regeneration and ecdysis in the fiddler crab, Uca pugilator. US Natl Mar Fish Serv Fish Bull 74:464\u2013467.","journal-title":"US Natl Mar Fish Serv Fish Bull"},{"key":"4_CR232","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1016\/0141-1136(84)90076-X","volume":"14","author":"J.S. Weis","year":"1984","unstructured":"Weis JS (1984) Metallothionein and mercury tolerance in the killifish, Fundulus heteroclitus. Mar Environ Res 14:153\u2013166.","journal-title":"Mar Environ Res"},{"key":"4_CR233","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1897\/1552-8618(1995)14[153:EOEETM]2.0.CO;2","volume":"14","author":"J.S. Weis","year":"1995","unstructured":"Weis JS, Weis P (1995) Effects of embryonic exposure to methylmercury on larval preycapture ability in the mummichog, Fundulus heteroclitus. Environ Toxicol Chem 14: 153\u2013156.","journal-title":"Environ Toxicol Chem"},{"key":"4_CR234","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01189647","volume":"80","author":"B. Wheatley","year":"1995","unstructured":"Wheatley B, Paradis S (1995) Exposure of Canadian aboriginal peoples to methylmercury. Water Air Soil Pollut 80:3\u201311.","journal-title":"Water Air Soil Pollut"},{"key":"4_CR235","first-page":"297","volume-title":"Environmental Contaminants in Wildlife: Interpreting Tissue Concentrations","author":"J.G. Wiener","year":"1996","unstructured":"Wiener JG, Spry DJ (1996) Toxicological significance of mercury in freshwater fish. In: Beyer WN, Heinz GH, Redmon-Norwood AW (eds) Environmental Contaminants in Wildlife: Interpreting Tissue Concentrations. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, pp 297\u2013339."},{"key":"4_CR236","first-page":"409","volume-title":"Handbook of Ecotoxicology","author":"J.G. Wiener","year":"2002","unstructured":"Wiener JG, Krabbenhoft DP, Heinz GH, Scheuhammer AM (2002) Ecotoxicology of mercury. In: Hoffman DJ, Rattner BA, Burton Jr GA, Cairns J Jr (eds) Handbook of Ecotoxicology, 2nd Ed. Lewis, Boca Raton, FL, pp 409\u2013463.","edition":"2nd Ed."},{"key":"4_CR237","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.1897\/1551-5028(1998)017<0214:EOWMOT>2.3.CO;2","volume":"17","author":"M. Wolfe","year":"1998","unstructured":"Wolfe M, Norman S (1998) Effects of waterborne mercury on terrestrial wildlife at Clear Lake: evaluation and testing of a predictive model. Environ Toxicol Chem 17: 214\u2013217.","journal-title":"Environ Toxicol Chem"},{"key":"4_CR238","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1897\/1551-5028(1998)017<0146:EOMOWA>2.3.CO;2","volume":"17","author":"M.E. Wolfe","year":"1998","unstructured":"Wolfe ME, Schwarzbach S, Sulaiman RA (1998) Effects of mercury on wildlife: a comprehensive review. Environ Toxicol Chem 17:146\u2013160.","journal-title":"Environ Toxicol Chem"},{"key":"4_CR239","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.2307\/3802053","volume":"60","author":"P.B. Wood","year":"1996","unstructured":"Wood PB, White JH, Steffer A, Wood JM, Facemire CF, Percival HF (1996) Mercury concentrations in tissues of Florida bald eagles. J Wildl Manag 60:178\u2013185.","journal-title":"J Wildl Manag"},{"key":"4_CR240","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.1016\/S0013-9351(86)80098-6","volume":"40","author":"C.D. Wren","year":"1986","unstructured":"Wren CD (1986) A review of metal accumulation and toxicity in wild mammals. I. Mercury. Environ Res 40:210\u2013244.","journal-title":"Environ Res"},{"key":"4_CR241","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"697","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00342310","volume":"56","author":"D.A. Wright","year":"1991","unstructured":"Wright DA, Wellbourn PM, Martin AVM (1991) Inorganic and organic mercury uptake and loss by the crayfish Orconectes propinquus. Water Air Soil Pollut 56:697\u2013707.","journal-title":"Water Air Soil Pollut"},{"key":"4_CR242","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1875","DOI":"10.1897\/1551-5028(1998)017<1875:EFTCIN>2.3.CO;2","volume":"17","author":"R.B. Yeardley","year":"1998","unstructured":"Yeardley RB, Lazorchak JM, Paulsen SG (1998) Elemental fish tissue contamination in northeastern U.S. lakes: evaluation of an approach to regional assessment. Environ Toxicol Chem 17:1875\u20131884.","journal-title":"Environ Toxicol Chem"},{"key":"4_CR243","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02242838","volume":"38","author":"V.J. Zilincar","year":"1992","unstructured":"Zilincar VJ, Bystrica B, Zvada P, Kubin D, Hell P (1992) Die Schwermeallbelastung bei den Braunbaren in den Westkarpten. Z Jagdwiss 38:235\u2013243.","journal-title":"Z Jagdwiss"},{"key":"4_CR244","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2245","DOI":"10.1002\/etc.5620121208","volume":"12","author":"E.J. Zillioux","year":"1993","unstructured":"Zillioux EJ, Porcella DB, Benoit JM (1993) Mercury cycling and effects in freshwater wetland ecosystems. Environ Toxicol Chem 12:2245\u20132264.","journal-title":"Environ Toxicol Chem"},{"key":"4_CR245","first-page":"207","volume-title":"Ecological Issues and Environmental Impact Assessment","author":"T. Zumbroich","year":"1997","unstructured":"Zumbroich T (1997) Heavy metal pollution of vegetables in a former ore-mining region. In: Cheremisinoff PN (ed) Ecological Issues and Environmental Impact Assessment. Gulf Publishing, Houston, TX, pp 207\u2013215."}],"container-title":["Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/0-387-21733-9_4","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,7]],"date-time":"2023-05-07T11:38:31Z","timestamp":1683459511000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/0-387-21733-9_4"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2004]]},"ISBN":["9780387205199","9780387217338"],"references-count":245,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/0-387-21733-9_4","relation":{},"ISSN":["0179-5953"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0179-5953","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2004]]}}}