{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,24]],"date-time":"2026-07-24T11:38:23Z","timestamp":1784893103653,"version":"3.55.0"},"publisher-location":"Dordrecht","reference-count":78,"publisher":"Springer Netherlands","isbn-type":[{"value":"9781402056871","type":"print"},{"value":"9781402056888","type":"electronic"}],"license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,1,1]],"date-time":"2007-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1167609600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/1-4020-5688-5_5","type":"book-chapter","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,5,8]],"date-time":"2007-05-08T04:38:54Z","timestamp":1178599134000},"page":"127-141","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":89,"title":["Role of COX-2 in Inflammatory and Degenerative Brain Diseases"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"given":"Luisa","family":"Minghetti","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"5_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2819","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.289.21.2819","volume":"289","author":"P.S. Aisen","year":"2003","unstructured":"Aisen P.S., Schafer K.A., Grundman M., Pfeiffer E., Sano M., Davis K.L., Farlow M.R., Jin S., ThomasR.G., Thal L.J. Alzheimer\u2019s Disease Cooperative Study. Effects of rofecoxib or naproxen vs placebo on Alzheimer disease progression: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA 2003; 289:2819\u20132826.","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"5_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(02)00133-3","volume":"1","author":"P.S. Aisen","year":"2002","unstructured":"Aisen P.S. The potential of anti-inflammatory drugs for the treatment of Alzheimer\u2019s disease. The Lancet Neurology 2002; 1:279\u2013284.","journal-title":"The Lancet Neurology"},{"key":"5_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5089","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.73.6.5089-5097.1999","volume":"73","author":"C.A. Baker","year":"1999","unstructured":"Baker C.A., Lu Z.Y., Zaitsev I., Manuelidis L. Microglial activation varies in different models of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. J Virol 1999; 73:5089\u20135097.","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"5_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1933","DOI":"10.1097\/00001756-200210280-00021","volume":"13","author":"C. Bate","year":"2002","unstructured":"Bate C., Rutherford S., Gravenor M., Reid S., Williams A. Cyclo-oxygenase inhibitors protect against prion-induced neurotoxicity in vitro. Neuroreport 2002; 13:1933\u20131938.","journal-title":"Neuroreport"},{"key":"5_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2221","DOI":"10.1194\/jlr.R300013-JLR200","volume":"44","author":"N.G. Bazan","year":"2003","unstructured":"Bazan N.G. Synaptic lipid signaling: significance of polyunsaturated fatty acids and platelet-activating factor. J Lipid Res 2003; 44:2221\u20132233.","journal-title":"J Lipid Res"},{"key":"5_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-4522(96)00212-6","volume":"74","author":"S. Betmouni","year":"1996","unstructured":"Betmouni S., Perry V.H., Gordon J.L. Evidence for an early inflammatory response in the central nervous system of mice with scrapie. Neuroscience 1996; 74:1\u20135.","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"5_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4820","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2002-220598","volume":"143","author":"V. Blais","year":"2002","unstructured":"Blais V., Zhang J., Rivest S. In altering the release of glucocorticoids, ketorolac exacerbates the effects of systemic immune stimuli on expression of proinflammatory genes in the brain. Endocrinology. 2002; 143:4820\u20134827.","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"5_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1563","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.2005.03480.x","volume":"95","author":"V. Blais","year":"2005","unstructured":"Blais V., Turrin N.P., Rivest S. Cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) inhibition increases the inflammatory response in the brain during systemic immune stimuli. J Neurochem 2005; 95:1563\u20131574.","journal-title":"J Neurochem"},{"key":"5_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1389","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.2004.02829.x","volume":"91","author":"F. Bosetti","year":"2004","unstructured":"Bosetti F., Langenbach R., Weerasinghe G.R. Prostaglandin E2 and microsomal prostaglandin E synthase-2 expression are decreased in the cyclooxygenase-2-deficient mouse brain despite compensatory induction of cyclooxygenase-1 and Ca2+-dependent phospholipase A2. J Neurochem 2004; 91:1389\u20131397.","journal-title":"J Neurochem"},{"key":"5_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S202","DOI":"10.1086\/317520","volume":"31","author":"R.M. Botting","year":"2000","unstructured":"Botting R.M. Mechanism of action of acetaminophen: is there a cyclooxygenase 3? Clin Infect Dis 2000; 31:S202\u2013S210.","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"5_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"296","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.903550208","volume":"355","author":"C.D. Breder","year":"1995","unstructured":"Breder C.D., Dewitt D., Kraig R.P. Characterization of inducible cyclooxygenase in rat brain. J Comp Neurol 1995; 355:296\u2013315.","journal-title":"J Comp Neurol"},{"key":"5_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1471-4159.2003.01812.x","volume":"86","author":"E. Candelario-Jalil","year":"2003","unstructured":"Candelario-Jalil E., Gonzalez-Falcon A., Garcia-Cabrera M., Alvarez D., Al-Dalain S., Martinez G., Leon O.S., Springer J.E. Assessment of the relative contribution of COX-1 and COX-2 isoforms to ischemia-induced oxidative damage and neurodegeneration following transient global cerebral ischemia. J Neurochem 2003; 86:545\u2013555.","journal-title":"J Neurochem"},{"key":"5_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13926","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.162468699","volume":"99","author":"N.V. Chandrasekharan","year":"2002","unstructured":"Chandrasekharan N.V., Dai H., Roos K.L., Evanson N.K., Tomsik J., Elton T.S., Simmons D.L. COX-3, a cycloxygenase-1 variant inhibited by acetaminophen and other analgesic\/antipyretic drugs: cloning, structure and expression. Proc. Natl Acad Sci USA 2002; 99:13926\u201313931.","journal-title":"Proc. Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"5_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"801","DOI":"10.1016\/0197-4580(96)00110-8","volume":"17","author":"J.W. Chang","year":"1996","unstructured":"Chang J.W., Coleman P.D., O\u2019Banion M.K. Prostaglandin G\/H synthase-2 (cyclooxygenase-2) mRNA expression is decreased in Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Neurobiol Aging 1996; 17:801\u2013808.","journal-title":"Neurobiol Aging"},{"key":"5_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2851","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.2002.87.6.2851","volume":"87","author":"C. Chen","year":"2002","unstructured":"Chen C., Magee J.C., Bazan N.G. Cyclooxygenase-2 regulates prostaglandin E2 signaling in hippocampal long-term synaptic activity. J Neurophysiol 2002; 87:2851\u20132857.","journal-title":"J Neurophysiol"},{"key":"5_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.2005.063131","volume":"77","author":"M. Combrinck","year":"2006","unstructured":"Combrinck M., Williams J., De Berardinis M.A., Warden D., Puopolo M., Smith A.D., Minghetti L. Levels of CSF prostaglandin E2, cognitive decline, and survival in Alzheimer\u2019s disease. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2006; 77:85\u201388.","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"5_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1385\/MN:29:2:197","volume":"29","author":"R. Simone De","year":"2004","unstructured":"De Simone R., Ajmone-Cat M.A., Minghetti L. Atypical antiinflammatory activation of microglia induced by apoptotic neurons: possible role of phosphatidylserine-phosphatidylserine receptor interaction. Mol Neurobiol 2004; 29:197\u2013212.","journal-title":"Mol Neurobiol"},{"key":"5_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1385\/JMN:20:1:25","volume":"20","author":"M.H. Deininger","year":"2003","unstructured":"Deininger M.H., Bekure-Nemariam K., Trautmann K., Morgalla M., Meyermann R., Schluesener H.J. Cyclooxygenase-1 and -2 in brains of patients who died with sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. J Mol Neurosci 2003; 20:25\u201330.","journal-title":"J Mol Neurosci"},{"key":"5_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"430","DOI":"10.1038\/35068632","volume":"410","author":"M. Ek","year":"2001","unstructured":"Ek M., Engblom D., Saha S., Blomqvist A., Jakobsson P., Ericsson-Dahlstrand A. Inflammatory response: pathway across the blood-brain barrier. Nature 2001; 410:430\u2013431.","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"5_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.20774","volume":"59","author":"O. Firuzi","year":"2006","unstructured":"Firuzi O., Pratico D. Coxibs and Alzheimer\u2019s disease: should they stay or should they go? Ann Neurol 2006; 59:219\u2013228.","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"5_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1055","DOI":"10.1038\/nm1113","volume":"10","author":"M.S. Forman","year":"2004","unstructured":"Forman M.S., Trojanowski J.Q., Lee V.M. Neurodegenerative diseases: a decade of discoveries paves the way for therapeutic breakthroughs. Nat Med 2004; 10:1055\u20131063.","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"5_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"628","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.60.4.628","volume":"60","author":"S.H. Graham","year":"2003","unstructured":"Graham S.H., Hickey R.W. Cyclooxygenases in central nervous system diseases: a special role for cyclooxygenase 2 in neuronal cell death. Arch Neurol 2003; 60:628\u2013630.","journal-title":"Arch Neurol"},{"key":"5_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1097\/00005072-199904000-00002","volume":"58","author":"F. Gray","year":"1999","unstructured":"Gray F., Chretien F., Adle-Biassette H., Dorandeu A., Ereau T., Delisle M.B., Kopp N., Ironside J.W., Vital C. Neuronal apoptosis in Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 1999; 58:321\u2013328.","journal-title":"J Neuropathol Exp Neurol"},{"key":"5_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1046\/j.0953-816x.2001.01645.x","volume":"14","author":"K. Guenther","year":"2001","unstructured":"Guenther K., Deacon R.M., Perry V.H., Rawlins J.N. Early behavioural changes in scrapie-affected mice and the influence of dapsone. Eur J Neurosci 2001; 14:401\u2013409.","journal-title":"Eur J Neurosci"},{"key":"5_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1124\/jpet.300.2.367","volume":"300","author":"B. Hinz","year":"2002","unstructured":"Hinz B., Brune K. Cyclooxygenase-2\u2013 10 years later. J Pharm Exp Ther 2002; 300:367\u201375.","journal-title":"J Pharm Exp Ther"},{"key":"5_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1360","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9568.1995.tb01127.x","volume":"7","author":"C. Holscher","year":"1995","unstructured":"Holscher C. Inhibitors of cyclooxygenase produce amnesia for passive avoidance task in the chick. Eur J Neurosci 1995; 7:1360\u20131365.","journal-title":"Eur J Neurosci"},{"key":"5_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"678","DOI":"10.1093\/jnen\/61.8.678","volume":"61","author":"J.J. Hoozemans","year":"2002","unstructured":"Hoozemans J.J., Bruckner M.K., Rozemuller A.J., Veerhuis R., Eikelenboom P., Arendt T. Cyclin D1 and cyclin E are co-localized with cyclo-oxygenase 2 (COX-2) in pyramidal neurons in Alzheimer disease temporal cortex. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 2002; 61:678\u2013688.","journal-title":"J Neuropathol Exp Neurol"},{"key":"5_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"492","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2003.11.028","volume":"15","author":"J.J. Hoozemans","year":"2004","unstructured":"Hoozemans J.J., Veerhuis R., Rozemuller A.J., Arendt T., Eikelenboom P. Neuronal COX-2 expression and phosphorylation of pRb precede p38 MAPK activation and neurofibrillary changes in AD temporal cortex. Neurobiol Dis 2004; 15:492\u2013499.","journal-title":"Neurobiol Dis"},{"key":"5_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1186\/1742-2094-2-27","volume":"2","author":"J.J. Hoozemans","year":"2005","unstructured":"Hoozemans J.J., van Haastert E.S., Veerhuis R., Arendt T., Scheper W., Eikelenboom P., Rozemuller A.J. Maximal COX-2 and ppRb expression in neurons occurs during early Braak stages prior to the maximal activation of astrocytes and microglia in Alzheimer\u2019s disease. J Neuroinflammation. 2005; 2:27.","journal-title":"J Neuroinflammation"},{"key":"5_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1515","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa010178","volume":"345","author":"B.A. Veld","year":"2001","unstructured":"in t\u2019 Veld B.A., Ruitenberg A., Hofman A., Launer L.J., van Duijn C.M., Stijnen T., Breteler M.M., Stricker B.H. Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs and the risk of Alzheimer\u2019s disease. N Engl J Med 2001; 345:1515\u20131521.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"5_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"601","DOI":"10.1016\/S0090-6980(97)00128-7","volume":"54","author":"W.E. Kaufmann","year":"1997","unstructured":"Kaufmann W.E., Andreasson K.I., Isakson P.C., Worley P.F. Cyclooxygenases and the central nervous system. Prostaglandins 1997; 54:601\u2013624.","journal-title":"Prostaglandins"},{"key":"5_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2317","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.93.6.2317","volume":"93","author":"W.E. Kaufmann","year":"1996","unstructured":"Kaufmann W.E., Worley P.F., Pegg J., Bremer M., Isakson P. COX-2, a synaptically induced enzyme, is expressed by excitatory neurons at postsynaptic sites in rat cerebral cortex. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1996; 93:2317\u20132321.","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"5_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1016\/S0387-7604(96)00047-2","volume":"19","author":"W.E. Kaufmann","year":"1997","unstructured":"Kaufmann W.E., Worley P.F., Taylor C.V., Bremer M., Isakson P.C. Cyclooxygenase-2 expression during rat neocortical development and in Rett syndrome. Brain Dev 1997; 19:25\u201334","journal-title":"Brain Dev"},{"key":"5_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1124\/jpet.105.085431","volume":"315","author":"B. Kis","year":"2005","unstructured":"Kis B., Snipes J.A., Busija D.W. Acetaminophen and the cyclooxygenase-3 puzzle: sorting out facts, fictions, and uncertainties. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2005; 315:1\u20137.","journal-title":"J Pharmacol Exp Ther"},{"key":"5_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"899","DOI":"10.1016\/S0300-9084(00)88886-0","volume":"80","author":"G. Levi","year":"1999","unstructured":"Levi G., Minghetti L., Aloisi F. Regulation of prostanoid synthesis in microglial cells and effects of prostaglandin E2 on microglial functions. Biochimie. 1999; 80:899\u2013904.","journal-title":"Biochimie"},{"key":"5_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"937","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-4547(19971215)50:6<937::AID-JNR4>3.0.CO;2-E","volume":"50","author":"W.J. Lukiw","year":"1997","unstructured":"Lukiw W.J., Bazan N.G. Cyclooxygenase 2 RNA message abundance, stability, and hypervariability in sporadic Alzheimer neocortex. J Neurosci Res 1997; 50:937\u2013945.","journal-title":"J Neurosci Res"},{"key":"5_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"456","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)79191-1","volume":"352","author":"L. Manuelidis","year":"1998","unstructured":"Manuelidis L., Fritch W., Zaitsev I. Dapsone to delay symptoms in Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. Lancet 1998; 352:456.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"5_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"799","DOI":"10.1016\/S0197-4580(01)00289-5","volume":"22","author":"P.L. McGeer","year":"2001","unstructured":"McGeer P.L., McGeer E.G. Inflammation, autotoxicity and Alzheimer disease. Neurobiol Aging. 2001; 22:799\u2013809.","journal-title":"Neurobiol Aging"},{"key":"5_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.42.2.447","volume":"42","author":"P.L. McGeer","year":"1992","unstructured":"McGeer P.L., Rogers J. Anti-inflammatory agents as a therapeutic approach to Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Neurology. 1992; 42:447\u2013449.","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"5_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.58.1.127","volume":"58","author":"L. Minghetti","year":"2002","unstructured":"Minghetti L., Cardone F., Greco A., Puopolo M., Levi G., Green A.J., Knight R., Pocchiari M. Increased CSF levels of prostaglandin E2 in variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. Neurology 2002; 58:127\u2013129.","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"5_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"866","DOI":"10.1093\/jnen\/59.10.866","volume":"59","author":"L. Minghetti","year":"2000","unstructured":"Minghetti L., Greco A., Cardone F., Puopolo M., Ladogana A., Almonti S., Cunningham C., Perry V.H., Pocchiari M., Levi G. Increased brain synthesis of prostaglandin E2 and F2-isoprostane in human and experimental transmissible spongiform encephalopathies. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 2000; 59:866\u2013871","journal-title":"J Neuropathol Exp Neurol"},{"key":"5_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1016\/S0301-0082(97)00052-X","volume":"54","author":"L. Minghetti","year":"1998","unstructured":"Minghetti L., Levi G. Microglia as effector cells in brain damage and repair: focus on prostanoids and nitric oxide. Prog Neurobiol 1998; 54:99\u2013125.","journal-title":"Prog Neurobiol"},{"key":"5_CR43","unstructured":"Minghetti L., Sbriccoli M., Geloso M.C., Ingrosso L., Di Bari M.A., Greco A., Cardone F., Pocchiari M. Cyclooxygenases and prostaglandin E2 in animal and human prion diseases. Proceedings VII European Meeting on glial cell functions. 2005 May 17\u201321, Amsterdam. Medimond International Proceeding Publishers,2005."},{"key":"5_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"901","DOI":"10.1093\/jnen\/63.9.901","volume":"63","author":"L. Minghetti","year":"2004","unstructured":"Minghetti L. Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in inflammatory and degenerative brain diseases. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 2004; 63:901\u2013910.","journal-title":"J Neuropathol Exp Neurol"},{"key":"5_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1495","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.53.7.1495","volume":"53","author":"T.J. Montine","year":"1999","unstructured":"Montine T.J., Sidell K.R., Crews B.C., Markesbery W.R., Marnett L.J., Roberts L.J. 2nd, Morrow J.D. Elevated CSF prostaglandin E2 levels in patients with probable AD. Neurology 1999; 53:1495\u20131498.","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"5_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"731","DOI":"10.1016\/S0306-4522(98)00293-0","volume":"87","author":"Z. Nagy","year":"1998","unstructured":"Nagy Z., Esiri M.M., Smith A.D. The cell division cycle and the pathophysiology of Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Neuroscience 1998; 87:731\u2013739.","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"5_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"763","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.20-02-00763.2000","volume":"20","author":"K. Niwa","year":"2000","unstructured":"Niwa K., Araki E., Morham S.G., Ross M.E., Iadecola C. Cyclooxygenase-2 contributes to functional hyperemia in whisker-barrel cortex. J Neurosci 2000; 20:763\u2013770.","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"5_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-5793(93)80263-T","volume":"330","author":"G.P. O\u2019Neill","year":"1993","unstructured":"O\u2019Neill G.P., Ford-Hutchinson A.W. Expression of mRNA for cyclooxygenase-1 and cyclooxygenase-2 in human tissues. FEBS Lett. 1993; 330:156\u2013160.","journal-title":"FEBS Lett"},{"key":"5_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-2952(02)01422-3","volume":"65","author":"L. Parente","year":"2003","unstructured":"Parente L., Perretti M. Advances in the pathophysiology of constitutive and inducible cyclooxygenases: two enzymes in the spotlight. Biochem Pharmacol 2003; 65:153\u2013159.","journal-title":"Biochem Pharmacol"},{"key":"5_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1016\/S0306-4522(98)00218-8","volume":"87","author":"G.M. Pasinetti","year":"1998","unstructured":"Pasinetti G.M., Aisen P.S. Cyclooxygenase-2 expression is increased in frontal cortex of Alzheimer\u2019s disease brain. Neuroscience 1998; 87:319\u2013324.","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"5_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1561","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.2005.03150.x","volume":"93","author":"O. Pepicelli","year":"2005","unstructured":"Pepicelli O., Fedele E., Berardi M., Raiteri M., Levi G., Greco A., Ajmone-Cat M.A., Minghetti L. Cyclo oxygenase-1 and -2 differently contribute to prostaglandin E2 synthesis and lipid peroxidation after in vivo activation of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors in rat hippocampus. J Neurochem 2005; 93:1561\u20131567.","journal-title":"J Neurochem"},{"key":"5_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1097\/00019052-200206000-00020","volume":"15","author":"V.H. Perry","year":"2002","unstructured":"Perry V.H., Cunningham C., Boche D. Atypical inflammation in the central nervous system in prion disease. Curr Opin Neurol 2002; 15:349\u2013354.","journal-title":"Curr Opin Neurol"},{"key":"5_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"902","DOI":"10.1097\/01.jnen.0000183346.19447.55","volume":"64","author":"G. Puoti","year":"2005","unstructured":"Puoti G., Giaccone G., Mangieri M., Limido L., Fociani P., Zerbi P., Suardi S., Rossi G., Iussich S., Capobianco R., Di Fede G., Marcon G., Cotrufo R., Filippini G., Bugiani O., Tagliavini F. Sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease: the extent of microglia activation is dependent on the biochemical type of PrPSc. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 2005; 64:902\u2013909.","journal-title":"J Neuropathol Exp Neurol"},{"key":"5_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1298","DOI":"10.1124\/jpet.105.090944","volume":"315","author":"N. Qin","year":"2005","unstructured":"Qin N., Zhang S.P., Reitz T.L., Mei J.M., Flores C.M. Cloning, expression, and functional characterization of human cyclooxygenase-1 splicing variants: evidence for intron 1 retention. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2005; 315:1298\u2013305.","journal-title":"J Pharmacol Exp Ther"},{"key":"5_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-8993(03)02248-0","volume":"968","author":"J.M. Rall","year":"2003","unstructured":"Rall J.M., Mach S.A., Dash P.K. Intrahippocampal infusion of a cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor attenuates memory acquisition in rats. Brain Res 2003; 968:273\u2013276.","journal-title":"Brain Res"},{"key":"5_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.62.1.66","volume":"62","author":"S.A. Reines","year":"2004","unstructured":"Reines S.A., Block G.A., Morris J.C., Liu G., Nessly M.L., Lines C.R., Norman B.A., Baranak C.C. Rofecoxib Protocol 091 Study Group. Rofecoxib: no effect on Alzheimer\u2019s disease in a 1-year, randomized, blinded, controlled study. Neurology. 2004; 62:66\u201371.","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"5_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2004.05.025","volume":"189","author":"L. Ricceri","year":"2004","unstructured":"Ricceri L., Minghetti L., Moles A., Popoli P., Confaloni A., De Simone R., Piscopo P., Scattoni M.L., di Luca M., Calamandrei G. Cognitive and neurological deficits induced by early and prolonged basal forebrain cholinergic hypofunction in rats. Exp Neurol. 2004; 189:162\u2013172.","journal-title":"Exp Neurol"},{"key":"5_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9858","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2392-05.2005","volume":"25","author":"N. Sang","year":"2005","unstructured":"Sang N., Zhang J., Marcheselli V., Bazan N.G., Chen C. Postsynaptically synthesized prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) modulates hippocampal synaptic transmission via a presynaptic PGE2 EP2 receptor. J Neurosci. 2005; 25:9858\u20139870.","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"5_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2005.01.041","volume":"511","author":"M. Sharifzadeh","year":"2005","unstructured":"Sharifzadeh M., Naghdi N., Khosrovani S., Ostad S.N., Sharifzadeh K., Roghani A. Post-training intrahippocampal infusion of the COX-2 inhibitor celecoxib impaired spatial memory retention in rats. Eur J Pharmacol. 2005; 511:159\u2013166.","journal-title":"Eur J Pharmacol"},{"key":"5_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neures.2005.11.004","volume":"54","author":"M. Sharifzadeh","year":"2006","unstructured":"Sharifzadeh M., Tavasoli M., Soodi M., Mohammadi-Eraghi S., Ghahremani M.H., Roghani A. A time course analysis of cyclooxygenase-2 suggests a role in spatial memory retrieval in rats. Neurosci Res. 2006; 54:171\u2013179.","journal-title":"Neurosci Res"},{"key":"5_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"630","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.60.4.630","volume":"60","author":"J.M. Schwab","year":"2003","unstructured":"Schwab J.M., Schluesener H.J. Cyclooxygenases and central nervous system inflammation: conceptual neglect of cyclooxygenase 1. Arch Neurol 2003; 60:630\u2013632.","journal-title":"Arch Neurol"},{"key":"5_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"290","DOI":"10.1002\/syn.20241","volume":"59","author":"L. Schwieler","year":"2006","unstructured":"Schwieler L., Erhardt S., Nilsson L., Linderholm K., Engberg G. Effects of COX-1 and COX-2 inhibitors on the firing of rat midbrain dopaminergic neurons\u2013possible involvement of endogenous kynurenic acid. Synapse. 2006; 59:290\u2013298.","journal-title":"Synapse"},{"key":"5_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molbrainres.2003.09.006","volume":"119","author":"S.S. Shaftel","year":"2003","unstructured":"Shaftel S.S., Olschowka J.A., Hurley S.D., Moore A.H., O\u2019Banion M.K. COX-3: a splice variant of cyclooxygenase-1 in mouse neural tissue and cells. Brain Res Mol Brain Res 2003; 119:213\u2013215.","journal-title":"Brain Res Mol Brain Res"},{"key":"5_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2438","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1460-9568.2003.02643.x","volume":"17","author":"K.N. Shaw","year":"2003","unstructured":"Shaw K.N., Commins S., O\u2019Mara S.M. Deficits in spatial learning and synaptic plasticity induced by the rapid and competitive broad-spectrum cyclooxygenase inhibitor ibuprofen are reversed by increasing endogenous brain-derived neurotrophic factor. Eur J Neurosci 2003; 17:2438\u201346.","journal-title":"Eur J Neurosci"},{"key":"5_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.mp.4001809","volume":"11","author":"A.R. Simard","year":"2006","unstructured":"Simard A.R., Rivest S. Neuroprotective properties of the innate immune system and bone marrow stem cells in Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Mol Psychiatry 2006; 11:327\u2013335.","journal-title":"Mol Psychiatry"},{"key":"5_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"318","DOI":"10.1038\/nri1810","volume":"6","author":"E.M. Sternberg","year":"2006","unstructured":"Sternberg E.M. Neural regulation of innate immunity: a coordinated nonspecific host response to pathogens. Nat Rev Immunol. 2006; 6:318\u2013328.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"},{"key":"5_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1002\/glia.10154","volume":"40","author":"W.J. Streit","year":"2002","unstructured":"Streit W.J. Microglia as neuroprotective, immunocompetent cells of the CNS. Glia. 2002; 40:133\u2013139.","journal-title":"Glia"},{"key":"5_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1101\/lm.43602","volume":"9","author":"L.A. Teather","year":"2002","unstructured":"Teather L.A., Packard M.G., Bazan N.G. Post-training cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibition impairs memory consolidation. Learn Mem 2002; 9:41\u201347.","journal-title":"Learn Mem"},{"key":"5_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R1155","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.00077.2004","volume":"287","author":"A. Vazquez-Tello","year":"2004","unstructured":"Vazquez-Tello A., Fan L., Hou X., Joyal J.S., Mancini J.A., Quiniou C., Clyman R.I., Gobeil F.Jr, Varma D.R., Chemtob S. Intracellular-specific colocalization of prostaglandin E2 synthases and cyclooxygenases in the brain. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol. 2004; 287:R1155\u2013R1163.","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol"},{"key":"5_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"392","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1098-1136(20000215)29:4<392::AID-GLIA10>3.0.CO;2-C","volume":"29","author":"D.T. Walsh","year":"2000","unstructured":"Walsh D.T., Perry V.H., Minghetti L. Cyclooxygenase-2 is highly expressed in microglial-like cells in a murine model of prion disease. Glia 2000; 29:392\u2013396","journal-title":"Glia"},{"key":"5_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1019","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mad.2005.03.024","volume":"126","author":"K.M. Webber","year":"2005","unstructured":"Webber K.M., Raina A.K., Marlatt M.W., Zhu X., Prat M.I., Morelli L., Casadesus G., Perry G., Smith M.A. The cell cycle in Alzheimer disease: a unique target for neuropharmacology. Mech Ageing Dev. 2005; 126:1019\u20131025.","journal-title":"Mech Ageing Dev"},{"key":"5_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"763","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410430611","volume":"43","author":"R.G. Will","year":"1998","unstructured":"Will R.G., Alperovitch A., Poser S., Pocchiari M., Hofman A., Mitrova E., de Silva R., D\u2019Alessandro M. Delasnerie-Laupretre N., Zerr I., van Duijn C. Descriptive epidemiology of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease in six European countries, 1993\u20131995. EU Collaborative Study Group for CJD. Ann Neurol. 1998; 43:763\u2013767.","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"5_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"921","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(96)91412-9","volume":"347","author":"R.G. Will","year":"1996","unstructured":"Will R.G., Ironside J.W., Zeidler M., Cousens S.N., Estibeiro K., Alperovitch A., Poser S., Pocchiari M, Hofman A., Smith P.G. A new variant of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease in the UK. Lancet 1996; 347:921\u2013925","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"5_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1016\/0896-6273(93)90192-T","volume":"11","author":"K. Yamagata","year":"1993","unstructured":"Yamagata K., Andreasson K.I., Kaufmann W.E., Barnes C.A., Worley P.F. Expression of a mitogen-inducible cyclooxygenase in brain neurons: regulation by synaptic activity and glucocorticoids. Neuron 1993; 11:371\u2013386.","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"5_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"226","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-8993(99)01389-X","volume":"830","author":"K. Yasojima","year":"1999","unstructured":"Yasojima K., Schwab C., McGeer E.G., McGeer P.L. Distribution of cyclooxygenase-1 and cyclooxygenase-2 mRNAs and proteins in human brain and peripheral organs. Brain Res 1999; 830:226\u2013236.","journal-title":"Brain Res"},{"key":"5_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"823","DOI":"10.1016\/S0197-4580(01)00303-7","volume":"22","author":"A.V. Yermakova","year":"2001","unstructured":"Yermakova A.V., O\u2019Banion M.K. Downregulation of neuronal cyclooxygenase-2 expression in end stage Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Neurobiol Aging 2001; 22:823\u2013836.","journal-title":"Neurobiol Aging"},{"key":"5_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1135","DOI":"10.1097\/00005072-199911000-00003","volume":"58","author":"A.V. Yermakova","year":"1999","unstructured":"Yermakova A.V., Rollins J., Callahan L.M., Rogers J., O\u2019Banion M.K. Cyclooxygenase-1 in human Alzheimer\u2019s, and control brain: quantitative analysis of expression by microglia and CA3 hippocampal neurons. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 1999; 58:1135\u20131146.","journal-title":"J Neuropathol Exp Neurol"},{"key":"5_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"855","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1471-4159.2001.00080.x","volume":"76","author":"J. Zhang","year":"2001","unstructured":"Zhang J., Rivest S. Anti-inflammatory effects of prostaglandin E2 in the central nervous system in response to brain injury and circulating lipopolysaccharide. J Neurochem 2001; 76:855\u201364.","journal-title":"J Neurochem"}],"container-title":["Subcellular Biochemistry","Inflammation in the Pathogenesis of Chronic Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/1-4020-5688-5_5","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,21]],"date-time":"2020-04-21T19:48:54Z","timestamp":1587498534000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/1-4020-5688-5_5"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2007]]},"ISBN":["9781402056871","9781402056888"],"references-count":78,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/1-4020-5688-5_5","relation":{},"ISSN":["0306-0225"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0306-0225","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2007]]}}}