{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,19]],"date-time":"2026-02-19T17:15:48Z","timestamp":1771521348702,"version":"3.50.1"},"publisher-location":"Berlin, Heidelberg","reference-count":26,"publisher":"Springer Berlin Heidelberg","isbn-type":[{"value":"9783540490296","type":"print"},{"value":"9783540490555","type":"electronic"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/11926078_46","type":"book-chapter","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,11,2]],"date-time":"2006-11-02T20:46:02Z","timestamp":1162500362000},"page":"640-653","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Tree-Structured Conditional Random Fields for Semantic Annotation"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"given":"Jie","family":"Tang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mingcai","family":"Hong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Juanzi","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bangyong","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"46_CR1","unstructured":"Benjamins, R., Contreras, J.: Six challenges for the semantic web. Intelligent Software Components. Intelligent Software for the Networked Economy (isoco) (2002)"},{"key":"46_CR2","first-page":"39","volume":"22","author":"A.L. Berger","year":"1996","unstructured":"Berger, A.L., Della Pietra, S.A., Della Pietra, V.J.: A maximum entropy approach to natural language processing. Computational Linguistics\u00a022, 39\u201371 (1996)","journal-title":"Computational Linguistics"},{"key":"46_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bunescu, R.C., Mooney, R.J.: Collective information extraction with relational Markov networks. In: Proceedings of the 42nd Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (ACL 2004), pp. 439\u2013446 (2004)","DOI":"10.3115\/1218955.1219011"},{"key":"46_CR4","unstructured":"Ciravegna, F.: (LP)2, an adaptive algorithm for information extraction from web-related texts. In: Proceedings of the IJCAI 2001 Workshop on Adaptive Text Extraction and Mining held in conjunction with 17th IJCAI 2001, Seattle, USA, pp. 1251\u20131256 (2001)"},{"key":"46_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Collins, M.: Discriminative training methods for hidden Markov models: Theory and Experiments with Perceptron Algorithms. In: Proceedings of EMNLP 2002 (2002)","DOI":"10.3115\/1118693.1118694"},{"key":"46_CR6","first-page":"273","volume":"20","author":"C. Cortes","year":"1995","unstructured":"Cortes, C., Vapnik, V.: Support-Vector Networks. Machine Learning\u00a020, 273\u2013297 (1995)","journal-title":"Machine Learning"},{"key":"46_CR7","series-title":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-30115-8_17","volume-title":"Machine Learning: ECML 2004","author":"A. Finn","year":"2004","unstructured":"Finn, A., Kushmerick, N.: Multi-level Boundary Classification for Information Extraction. In: Boulicaut, J.-F., Esposito, F., Giannotti, F., Pedreschi, D. (eds.) ECML 2004. LNCS, vol.\u00a03201, pp. 156\u2013167. Springer, Heidelberg (2004)"},{"key":"46_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1007425814087","volume":"29","author":"Z. Ghahramani","year":"1997","unstructured":"Ghahramani, Z., Jordan, M.I.: Factorial hidden Markov models. Machine Learning\u00a029, 245\u2013273 (1997)","journal-title":"Machine Learning"},{"key":"46_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gillick, L., Cox, S.: Some statistical issues in the compairson of speech recognition algorithms. In: International Conference on Acoustics Speech and Signal Processing, vol.\u00a01, pp. 532\u2013535 (1989)","DOI":"10.1109\/ICASSP.1989.266481"},{"key":"46_CR10","unstructured":"Hammersley, J., Clifford, P.: Markov fields on finite graphs and lattices (unpublished manuscript, 1971)"},{"key":"46_CR11","first-page":"29","volume-title":"Semantic enhancement engine: a modular document enhancement platform for semantic applications over heterogeneous content, in real world semantic web applications","author":"B. Hammond","year":"2002","unstructured":"Hammond, B., Sheth, A., Kochut, K.: Semantic enhancement engine: a modular document enhancement platform for semantic applications over heterogeneous content, in real world semantic web applications, pp. 29\u201349. IOS Press, Amsterdam (2002)"},{"key":"46_CR12","series-title":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"358","DOI":"10.1007\/3-540-45810-7_32","volume-title":"Knowledge Engineering and Knowledge Management. Ontologies and the Semantic Web","author":"S. Handschuh","year":"2002","unstructured":"Handschuh, S., Staab, S., Ciravegna, F.: S-CREAM \u2013 semi-automatic cREAtion of metadata. In: G\u00f3mez-P\u00e9rez, A., Benjamins, V.R. (eds.) EKAW 2002. LNCS, vol.\u00a02473, pp. 358\u2013372. Springer, Heidelberg (2002)"},{"key":"46_CR13","unstructured":"Kushmerick, N., Weld, D.S., Doorenbos, R.B.: Wrapper induction for information extraction. In: Proceedings of the International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence (IJCAI), Nagoya, Japan, pp. 729\u2013737 (1997)"},{"key":"46_CR14","unstructured":"Lafferty, J., McCallum, A., Pereira, F.: Conditional random fields: probabilistic models for segmenting and labeling sequence data. In: Proceedings of the 18th International Conference on Machine Learning (ICML 2001), pp. 282\u2013289 (2001)"},{"key":"46_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Liu, D.C., Nocedal, J.: On the limited memory BFGS method for large scale optimization. Mathematical Programming, 503\u2013528 (1989)","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01589116"},{"key":"46_CR16","unstructured":"Lou, T., Song, R., Li, W.L., Luo, Z.Y.: The design and implementation of a modern general purpose segmentation system. Journal of Chinese Information Processing\u00a0(5) (2001)"},{"key":"46_CR17","unstructured":"McCallum, A., Freitag, D., Pereira, F.: Maximum entropy Markov models for information extraction and segmentation. In: Proceedings of the 17th International Conference on Machine Learning (ICML 2000), pp. 591\u2013598 (2000)"},{"key":"46_CR18","series-title":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"834","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-39718-2_53","volume-title":"The Semantic Web - ISWC 2003","author":"B. Popov","year":"2003","unstructured":"Popov, B., Kiryakov, A., Kirilov, A., Manov, D., Ognyanoff, D., Goranov, M.: KIM - semantic annotation platform. In: Fensel, D., Sycara, K.P., Mylopoulos, J. (eds.) ISWC 2003. LNCS, vol.\u00a02870, pp. 834\u2013849. Springer, Heidelberg (2003)"},{"key":"46_CR19","unstructured":"Reeve, L.: Integrating hidden Markov models into semantic web annotation platforms. Technique Report (2004)"},{"key":"46_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sha, F., Pereira, F.: Shallow parsing with conditional random fields. In: Proceedings of Human Language Technology, NAACL (2003)","DOI":"10.3115\/1073445.1073473"},{"key":"46_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sutton, C., Rohanimanesh, K., McCallum, A.: Dynamic conditional random fields: factorized probabilistic models for labeling and segmenting sequence data. In: Proceedings of ICML 2004 (2004)","DOI":"10.1145\/1015330.1015422"},{"key":"46_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tang, J., Li, J., Lu, H., Liang, B., Wang, K.: iASA: learning to annotate the semantic web. Journal on Data Semantic IV, 110\u2013145 (2005a)","DOI":"10.1007\/11603412_4"},{"key":"46_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tang, J., Li, H., Cao, Y., Tang, Z.: Email data cleaning. In: Proceedings of SIGKDD 2005, Chicago, Illinois, USA, August 21-24, 2005, pp. 489\u2013499, Full paper (2005)","DOI":"10.1145\/1081870.1081926"},{"key":"46_CR24","unstructured":"Wainwright, M., Jaakkola, T., Willsky, A.: Tree-based reparameterization for approximate estimation on graphs with cycles. In: Proceedings of Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems (NIPS 2001), pp. 1001\u20131008 (2001)"},{"key":"46_CR25","unstructured":"Yedidia, J., Freeman, W., Weiss, Y.: Generalized belief propagation. In: Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems (NIPS) (2000)"},{"key":"46_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhu, J., Nie, Z., Wen, J., Zhang, B., Ma, W.: 2D conditional random fields for web information extraction. In: Proceedings of ICML 2005 (2005)","DOI":"10.1145\/1102351.1102483"}],"container-title":["Lecture Notes in Computer Science","The Semantic Web - ISWC 2006"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/11926078_46.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,17]],"date-time":"2020-11-17T15:00:03Z","timestamp":1605625203000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/11926078_46"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2006]]},"ISBN":["9783540490296","9783540490555"],"references-count":26,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/11926078_46","relation":{},"ISSN":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0302-9743","type":"print"},{"value":"1611-3349","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2006]]}}}