{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,9]],"date-time":"2026-05-09T09:21:18Z","timestamp":1778318478161,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Springer Berlin Heidelberg","isbn-type":[{"value":"9783540345176","type":"print"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"DOI":"10.1007\/3-540-34518-3_9","type":"book-chapter","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,10,11]],"date-time":"2006-10-11T15:05:26Z","timestamp":1160579126000},"page":"249-273","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":69,"title":["Ontologies, Meta-models, and the Model-Driven Paradigm"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"given":"Uwe","family":"A\u00dfmann","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Steffen","family":"Zschaler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gerd","family":"Wagner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"9_CR1","series-title":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/11538097","volume-title":"Reasoning Web, First International Summer School 2005","author":"U. A\u00dfmann","year":"2005","unstructured":"A\u00dfmann, U., Reuse in semantic applications. In Norbert Eisinger and Jan Ma\u0142uszynski, editors, Reasoning Web, First International Summer School 2005. Lecture Notes in Computer Science 3564, Springer, Berlin, July 2005."},{"issue":"5","key":"9_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1109\/MS.2003.1231149","volume":"20","author":"C. Atkinson","year":"2003","unstructured":"Atkinson, C., and K\u00fchne, T., Model-driven development: A metamodeling foundation. IEEE Software, 20(5):36\u201341, 2003.","journal-title":"IEEE Software"},{"key":"9_CR3","unstructured":"Smith B., Williams, J., and Schulze-Kremer, S., The ontology of the Gene Ontology. In AMIA 2003 \u2014 Annual Symposium of the American Medical Informatics Association, 2003. http:\/\/www.gene-ontology.org"},{"key":"9_CR4","unstructured":"Bry, F. et al. Rules in a Semantic Web Environment (REWERSE). EU Project 6th framework. IST-2004-506779. http:\/\/www.rewerse.net"},{"key":"9_CR5","first-page":"283","volume-title":"Software \u2014 Practice and Experience","author":"G. Canfora","year":"2005","unstructured":"Canfora, G., Garc\u00cda, F., Piattini, M., Ruiz, F., and Visaggio, C.A., Applying a framework for the improvement of software process maturity. Software \u2014 Practice and Experience, 36(3): 283\u2013304, March 2005, Wiley, New York."},{"issue":"1","key":"9_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1145\/320434.320440","volume":"1","author":"P.P.-S. Chen","year":"1976","unstructured":"Chen, P.P.-S., The entity-relationship model-towards a unified view of data. Transactions on Database Systems, 1(1):9\u201336, 1976.","journal-title":"Transactions on Database Systems"},{"key":"9_CR7","series-title":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","volume-title":"Attribute grammars-definitions, systems and bibliography","author":"P. Deransart","year":"1988","unstructured":"Deransart, P., Jourdan, M., and Lorho, B., Attribute grammars-definitions, systems and bibliography. Lecture Notes in Computer Science 323, Springer, Berlin, 1988."},{"issue":"4","key":"9_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1145\/505999.506002","volume":"45","author":"V. Devedzic","year":"2002","unstructured":"Devedzic, V., Understanding ontological engineering. Communications of the ACM, 45(4):136\u2013144, 2002.","journal-title":"Communications of the ACM"},{"key":"9_CR9","volume-title":"Foundations of model (driven) (reverse) engineering: Models","author":"J.-M. Favre","year":"2004","unstructured":"Favre, J.-M., Foundations of model (driven) (reverse) engineering: Models. Technical Report, vol. 1-3ADELE Team, Laboratoire LSR-IMAG, Universit\u00e9 Joseph Fourier, Grenoble, France, 2004."},{"key":"9_CR10","unstructured":"Favre, J.-M., Megamodeling and etymology-a story of words: From MED to MDE via MODEL in five milleniums. In Dagstuhl Seminar on Transformation Techniques in Software Engineering, no. 05161 in DROPS 04101. IFBI, 2005."},{"issue":"3","key":"9_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1016\/j.entcs.2004.08.034","volume":"127","author":"J.-M. Favre","year":"2005","unstructured":"Favre, J.-M., and Nguyen, T., Towards a megamodel to model software evolution through transformations. Electronic Notes in Theoretical. Computer Science 127(3):59\u201374, 2005.","journal-title":"Electronic Notes in Theoretical. Computer Science"},{"issue":"4","key":"9_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"322","DOI":"10.1145\/643120.643124","volume":"12","author":"R. Flatscher","year":"2002","unstructured":"Flatscher, R., Metamodeling in EIA\/CDIF-meta-metamodel and metamodels. ACM Transactions on Modeling and Computer Simulation, 12(4):322\u2013342, 2002.","journal-title":"ACM Transactions on Modeling and Computer Simulation"},{"key":"9_CR13","series-title":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1007\/BFb0054087","volume-title":"ECOOP\u2019 98 \u2014 Object-Oriented Programming","author":"P. Fritzson","year":"1998","unstructured":"Fritzson, P, and Engelson, V., Modelica\u2014A unified object-oriented language for system modeling and simulation. In Eric Jul, editor, ECOOP\u2019 98 \u2014 Object-Oriented Programming, Lecture Notes in Computer Science 1445 pages 67\u201390. Springer, Berlin, 1998."},{"key":"9_CR14","first-page":"219","volume-title":"Enterprise Information Systems IV (ICEIS)","author":"F. Garc\u00eda","year":"2002","unstructured":"Garc\u00eda, F., Ruiz, F., Piattini, M., and Polo, M., Conceptual architecture for the assessment and improvement of software maintenance. In Mario Piattini and Joaquim Filipe, editors, Enterprise Information Systems IV (ICEIS), pages 219\u2013226. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, 2002."},{"issue":"7","key":"9_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1109\/MC.2005.228","volume":"38","author":"D. Geer","year":"2005","unstructured":"Geer, D., Eclipse becomes the dominant Java IDE. IEEE Computer, 38(7):16\u201318, 2005.","journal-title":"IEEE Computer"},{"key":"9_CR16","volume-title":"The SGML Handbook","author":"S.F. Goldfarb","year":"1990","unstructured":"Goldfarb, S.F., The SGML Handbook. OUP, Oxford, 1990."},{"key":"9_CR17","volume-title":"Compiler Construction","author":"G. Goos","year":"1984","unstructured":"Goos, G., and Waite, W.M., Compiler Construction. Springer, Berlin, 1984."},{"issue":"2","key":"9_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1006\/knac.1993.1008","volume":"5","author":"T.R. Gruber","year":"1993","unstructured":"Gruber, T.R., A translation approach to portable ontology specifications. Knowledge Acquisition, 5(2):199\u2013220, 1993.","journal-title":"Knowledge Acquisition"},{"key":"9_CR19","series-title":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1007\/3-540-45816-6_15","volume-title":"21st International Conference on Conceptual Modeling (ER 2002)","author":"G. Guizzardi","year":"2002","unstructured":"Guizzardi, G., Herre, H., and Wagner, G., On the general ontological foundations of conceptual modeling. In S. Spaccapietra, S.T. March, and Y. Kambayashi, editors, 21st International Conference on Conceptual Modeling (ER 2002), Lecture Notes in Computer Science 2503, pages 65\u201378, Springer, Berlin, 2002."},{"issue":"1","key":"9_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1016\/j.websem.2003.07.001","volume":"1","author":"I. Horrocks","year":"2003","unstructured":"Horrocks, I., Patel-Schneider, P., and van Harmelen, F., From SHIQ and RDF to OWL: The making of a web ontology language. Journal of Web Semantics, 1(1):7\u201326, 2003.","journal-title":"Journal of Web Semantics"},{"key":"9_CR21","unstructured":"IEEE. Standard upper ontology knowledge interchange format. Technical Report, 2003. http:\/\/suo.ieee.org\/suo-kif.html"},{"key":"9_CR22","unstructured":"ISO and IEC. Information technology-information resource dictionary system (IRDS). International Standard ISO\/IEC 10027, 1990."},{"key":"9_CR23","unstructured":"Kahn, G., Natural semantics. Report no. 601, INRIA, February 1987."},{"key":"9_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kiczales, G., Aspect-oriented programming. ACM Computing Surveys, 28(4), December 1996.","DOI":"10.1145\/242224.242420"},{"key":"9_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.7551\/mitpress\/1405.001.0001","volume-title":"The Art of the Metaobject Protocol","author":"G. Kiczales","year":"1991","unstructured":"Kiczales, G., des Rivi\u00e8res, J., and Bobrow, D.G., The Art of the Metaobject Protocol. MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, 1991."},{"key":"9_CR26","unstructured":"Larsdotter-Nilsson, E., and Fritzson, P., Using Modelica for modeling of discrete, continuous and hybrid biological and biochemical systems. In the 3rd Conference on Modeling and Simulation in Biology, Medicine and Biomedical Engineering. The University of Balamand, May 2003."},{"issue":"3\u20134","key":"9_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1016\/S0098-7913(99)80012-4","volume":"24","author":"M.H. Needleman","year":"1998","unstructured":"Needleman, M.H., Dublin core metadata element set. Serials Review, 24(3\u20134):131\u2013135, Elsevier, 1998.","journal-title":"Serials Review"},{"issue":"4","key":"9_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1109\/MIS.2004.33","volume":"19","author":"N. Fridman","year":"2004","unstructured":"Fridman, N., and Musen, M.A., Ontology versioning in an ontology management framework. IEEE Intelligent Systems, 19(4):6\u201313, 2004.","journal-title":"IEEE Intelligent Systems"},{"key":"9_CR29","unstructured":"Object Management Group (OMG). Common warehouse metamodel (CWM), February10, 2000."},{"key":"9_CR30","unstructured":"OMG. MDA Guide, June 2003. http:\/\/www.omg.org\/mda"},{"key":"9_CR31","unstructured":"OMG. UML 2.0 Object Constraint Language (OCL) specification, 2003. http:\/\/www.omg.org\/docs\/ptc\/03-10-14.pdf"},{"key":"9_CR32","unstructured":"OMG. XML Metadata Interchange (XMI), January 2002. http:\/\/www.omg.org\/technology\/documents\/format\/xmi.htm"},{"key":"9_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pease, A., Niles, I., and Teknowledge Corporation. Towards a standard upper ontology. In FOIS, Ogunquit, Maine, ACM, October 2001.","DOI":"10.1145\/505168.505170"},{"key":"9_CR34","volume-title":"Tools for Thinking-Modeling in Management Science","author":"M. Pidd","year":"2000","unstructured":"Pidd., M., Tools for Thinking-Modeling in Management Science. Wiley, New York, 2000."},{"issue":"3","key":"9_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1142\/S0218194004001646","volume":"14","author":"F. Ruiz","year":"2004","unstructured":"Ruiz, F., Vizca\u00cdno, A., Piattini, M., and Garc\u00cda, F., An ontology for the management of software maintenance projects. International Journal of Software Engineering and Knowledge Engineering, 14(3):323\u2013349, 2004.","journal-title":"International Journal of Software Engineering and Knowledge Engineering"},{"key":"9_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-97738-1","volume-title":"ARIS-Business Process Frameworks","author":"A.-W. Scheer","year":"1998","unstructured":"Scheer, A.-W., ARIS-Business Process Frameworks. Springer, Berlin, 1998."},{"key":"9_CR37","unstructured":"Schenck, D., The express language reference manual. Technical Report ISO TC184\/SC4\/WG1 N466 Working Document, ISO, March 1990."},{"key":"9_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1109\/MS.2003.1231147","volume":"20","author":"E. Seidewitz","year":"2003","unstructured":"Seidewitz, E., What models mean. IEEE Software, 20:26\u201332, September 2003.","journal-title":"IEEE Software"},{"issue":"10","key":"9_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1145\/286238.286246","volume":"41","author":"J. Siegel","year":"1998","unstructured":"Siegel, J., OMG overview: CORBA and the OMA in enterprise computing. Communications of the ACM, 41(10):37\u201343, October 1998.","journal-title":"Communications of the ACM"},{"key":"9_CR40","unstructured":"Sowa, J.F., Ontologies Website. http:\/\/www.jfsowa.com\/ontology\/index.htm"},{"key":"9_CR41","volume-title":"Knowledge Representation: Logical, Philosophical, and Computational Foundations","author":"J.F. Sowa","year":"2000","unstructured":"Sowa, J.F., Knowledge Representation: Logical, Philosophical, and Computational Foundations. Brooks Cole Publishing, Belmont, 2000."},{"key":"9_CR42","volume-title":"Denotational Sematics: The Scott-Strachey Approach to Programming Language Theory","author":"J.E. Stoy","year":"1977","unstructured":"Stoy, J.E.,, Denotational Sematics: The Scott-Strachey Approach to Programming Language Theory. MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, 1977."},{"issue":"9","key":"9_CR43","first-page":"48","volume":"11","author":"J. Surveyer","year":"2004","unstructured":"Surveyer, J., Sun adds to opensource Java IDE roster: A review of NetBeans Java IDE. Application Development Trends, 11(9):48\u201348, 2004.","journal-title":"Application Development Trends"},{"key":"9_CR44","unstructured":"W3C. Extensible markup language (XML) 1.0. Technical Report REC-xml-19980210, February 1998."},{"issue":"4","key":"9_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1145\/362575.362577","volume":"14","author":"N. Wirth","year":"1971","unstructured":"Wirth, N., Program development by stepwise refinement. Communications of the ACM, 14(4): 221\u2013227, 1971.","journal-title":"Communications of the ACM"}],"container-title":["Ontologies for Software Engineering and Software Technology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/3-540-34518-3_9.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,28]],"date-time":"2021-04-28T01:22:30Z","timestamp":1619572950000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/3-540-34518-3_9"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[null]]},"ISBN":["9783540345176"],"references-count":45,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/3-540-34518-3_9","relation":{},"subject":[]}}