{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,4]],"date-time":"2024-09-04T18:08:03Z","timestamp":1725473283831},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Springer Berlin Heidelberg","isbn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"9783540352587"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"DOI":"10.1007\/3-540-35262-7_18","type":"book-chapter","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,11,22]],"date-time":"2006-11-22T13:01:31Z","timestamp":1164200491000},"page":"315-330","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Precaution: The Willingness to Accept Costs to Avert Uncertain Danger"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"given":"C.","family":"Weiss","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"unstructured":"Inter-Governmental Panel on Climate Change (2001) Report of Working Group I. Available at http:\/\/www.ipcc.ch\/pub\/spm22-01.pdf. All URLs are accurate as of 24 May 2005.","key":"18_CR1"},{"key":"18_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1093\/lpr\/2.1.25","volume":"2","author":"C. Weiss","year":"2003","unstructured":"Charles Weiss, \u201cExpressing Scientific Uncertainty,\u201d Law, Probability and Risk, 2, 25\u201346 (2003).","journal-title":"Law, Probability and Risk"},{"key":"18_CR3","volume-title":"Uncertainty and Quality in Science for Policy","author":"J. P. Vandersluijs","year":"1990","unstructured":"Joroen P. Vandersluijs, \u201cUncertainty and Precaution in Environmental Management: Insights from the UPEM Conference,\u201d Environmental Modeling and Software (IEMSS-2004 special issue); Silvio Funtowitz and Jeremy Ravetz, Uncertainty and Quality in Science for Policy (Dordricht: Kluwer, 1990)."},{"key":"18_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1076\/iaij.4.1.5.16466","volume":"4","author":"W. E. Walker","year":"2003","unstructured":"W. E. Walker et al., \u201cDefining Uncertainty: A Conceptual Basis for Uncertainty Management in Model-Based Decision Support,\u201d Integrated Assessment 4, 5\u201317 (2003).","journal-title":"Integrated Assessment"},{"key":"18_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1024847807590","volume":"3","author":"C. Weiss","year":"2003","unstructured":"For references on the history and legal status of the Precautionary Principle, see Charles Weiss, \u201cScientific Uncertainty and Science-Based Precaution,\u201d International Environmental Agreements: Politics, Law and Economics 3, 137\u2013166 (2003), footnote 1.","journal-title":"International Environmental Agreements: Politics, Law and Economics"},{"unstructured":"Rio Declaration on Environment and Development (1992), In Edith Brown Weiss et.al., International Environment Law: Basic Instruments and References, 1992\u20131999 (Ardsley NY. Transnational Press, 1999).","key":"18_CR6"},{"unstructured":"The Wingspread Declaration is the declaration of a meeting of nongovernmental experts held in Wingspread WI in January 1998. See http:\/\/www.sehn.org\/state.html.","key":"18_CR7"},{"key":"18_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1093\/lpr\/2.1.25","volume":"2","author":"C. Weiss","year":"2003","unstructured":"Charles Weiss, op. cit.","journal-title":"Law, Probability and Risk"},{"key":"18_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1515\/9780691215747","volume-title":"A Course in Microeconomic Theory","author":"D. M. Kreps","year":"1990","unstructured":"See David M. Kreps, A Course in Microeconomic Theory (Princeton NJ: Princeton University Press, 1990)."},{"key":"18_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1093\/lpr\/2.1.25","volume":"2","author":"C. Weiss","year":"2003","unstructured":"Charles Weiss, op. cit.. We have changed the shape of the function U in Figures 1-3 from that shown in the figures in this reference.","journal-title":"Law, Probability and Risk"},{"key":"18_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1093\/lpr\/2.1.25","volume":"2","author":"C. Weiss","year":"2003","unstructured":"Charles Weiss, op.cit.","journal-title":"Law, Probability and Risk"},{"key":"18_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1093\/lpr\/2.1.25","volume":"2","author":"C. Weiss","year":"2003","unstructured":"These verbal formulations are derived from a study of the response of the international community to several global environmental threats. See Charles Weiss, op. cit.","journal-title":"Law, Probability and Risk"},{"volume-title":"The Precautionary Principle in the 20th Century: Late Lessons from Early Warnings","year":"2002","unstructured":"Poul Harramoes et al, eds., The Precautionary Principle in the 20th Century: Late Lessons from Early Warnings (London: Earthscan Publications, 2002).","key":"18_CR13"},{"volume-title":"Precaution, Environmental Science, and Preventive Public Policy","year":"2003","unstructured":"Joel Tickner, ed., Precaution, Environmental Science, and Preventive Public Policy (Washington: Island Press, 2003); M. Kaiser, \u201cMulti-Stakeholder Application of the Precautionary Principle: The Importance of Transparent Values,\u201d paper presented at the UPEM Conference in Copenhagen, 7\u20139 June 2004; and Poul Harramoes, op. cit.","key":"18_CR14"},{"unstructured":"Pamela A. Wright, \u201cMonitoring for Forest Management Unit Scale Sustainability: The Local Unit Criteria and Indicators Development Test (The LUCID Test)\u201d US Department of Agriculture and US Forest Service, Inventory and Monitoring Institute Report #4, 2002, available at http:\/\/www.fs.fed.us\/institute\/lucid\/final_report. Ibid. See also National Research Council, Our Common Journey (Washington; Natianal Academy Press).","key":"18_CR15"},{"key":"18_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1093\/lpr\/2.1.25","volume":"2","author":"C. Weiss","year":"2003","unstructured":"We have here modified the formulation given in our earlier paper, Charles Weiss, \u201cScientific Uncertainty and Science-Based Precaution,\u201d op. cit., by adding the clause beginning \u201cas long as.\u201d We are also changing the name of the proposed Principle, which in our earlier paper we called the \u201creasonableness principle,\u201d by replacing the value-laden term \u201creasonableness,\u201d which might imply that any criticism of the proposed Principle would be unreasonable.","journal-title":"Law, Probability and Risk"}],"container-title":["Lecture Notes in Economics and Mathematical Systems","Coping with Uncertainty"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/3-540-35262-7_18.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,5]],"date-time":"2021-08-05T00:22:29Z","timestamp":1628122949000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/3-540-35262-7_18"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[null]]},"ISBN":["9783540352587"],"references-count":16,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/3-540-35262-7_18","relation":{},"subject":[]}}