{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,7]],"date-time":"2025-07-07T09:07:22Z","timestamp":1751879242743},"publisher-location":"Berlin, Heidelberg","reference-count":51,"publisher":"Springer Berlin Heidelberg","isbn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"9783540594963"},{"type":"electronic","value":"9783540492863"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1995]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/3-540-59496-5_290","type":"book-chapter","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,26]],"date-time":"2012-02-26T17:21:33Z","timestamp":1330276893000},"page":"77-94","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Semantic Closure: A guiding notion to ground artificial life"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"given":"Jon","family":"Umerez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,6,2]]},"reference":[{"volume-title":"Artificial Life IV","year":"1994","key":"6_CR1","unstructured":"Brooks, R. & Maes, P. (eds.) (1994) Artificial Life IV. Cambridge, MA: MIT Pr."},{"key":"6_CR2","unstructured":"Cariani, P. (1989) On the Design of Devices with Emergent Semantic Functions. Ph. D. Dissertation, SUNY."},{"key":"6_CR3","unstructured":"Cariani, P. (1992a) Emergence and artificial life. In C.G. Langton et al. (eds.) Artificial Life II, pp. 775\u201397."},{"key":"6_CR4","unstructured":"Cariani, P. (1992b) Some epistemological implications of devices which construct their own sensors and effectors. In F.J. Varela & P. Bourgine (eds.) Toward a Practice of Autonomous Systems, pp. 484\u201393."},{"key":"6_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.2307\/4444260","volume":"35","author":"T. Dobzhansky","year":"1973","unstructured":"Dobzhansky, Th. (1973) Nothing in biology makes sense except in the light of evolution. American Biology Teacher 35: 125\u2013129.","journal-title":"American Biology Teacher"},{"key":"6_CR6","unstructured":"Drexler, K.E. (1989) Biological and nanomechanical systems: Contrasts in evolutionary capacity. In C.G. Langton (ed.) Artificial Life, pp. 501\u201319."},{"volume-title":"Origins of Life","year":"1985","key":"6_CR7","unstructured":"Dyson, F. (1985) Origins of Life. Cambridge, MA: Cambridge University Press."},{"key":"6_CR8","first-page":"77","volume-title":"Biosemiotics.","author":"C. Emmeche","year":"1992","unstructured":"Emmeche, C. (1992a) Modeling life: A note on the semiotics of emergence and computation in artificial and natural living systems. In T.A. Sebeok & J. Umiker-Sebeok (eds.) Biosemiotics., Berlin: M. de Gruyter, pp. 77\u201399."},{"key":"6_CR9","unstructured":"Emmeche, C. (1992b) Life as an abstract phenomenon: Is AL possible? In Varela & Bourgine (eds.)Toward a Practice of Autonomous Systems, pp. 466\u201374."},{"key":"6_CR10","unstructured":"Emmeche, C. (1993) Is life as a multiverse phenomenon? In C.G. Langton et al. (eds.) Artificial Life II, pp. 553\u201368."},{"key":"6_CR11","unstructured":"Farmer, J.D. & Belin, A. (1992) Artificial Life: The coming evolution. In C.G. Langton et al. (eds.) Artificial Life II, pp. 815\u201340."},{"key":"6_CR12","volume-title":"The Emergence of Life","author":"S. Fox","year":"1988","unstructured":"Fox, S. (1988) The Emergence of Life. New York, NY: Basic Books."},{"key":"6_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1016\/0167-2789(90)90087-6","volume":"42","author":"S. Harnad","year":"1990","unstructured":"Harnad, S. (1990) The symbol grounding problem. Physica D 42: 335\u2013346.","journal-title":"Physica D"},{"key":"6_CR14","unstructured":"Harnad, S. (1993) Artificial Life: synthetic versus virtual. In C. Langton (ed.) Artificial Life III, pp. 539\u2013552."},{"key":"6_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1162\/artl.1994.1.3.293","volume":"1","author":"S. Harnad","year":"1994","unstructured":"Harnad, S. (1994) Levels of functional equivalence in reverse bioengineering. Artificial Life 1:293\u2013301.","journal-title":"Artificial Life"},{"key":"6_CR16","volume-title":"G\u00f6del, Escher, Bach: an Eternal Golden Braid","author":"D. Hofstadter","year":"1979","unstructured":"Hofstadter, D. (1979) G\u00f6del, Escher, Bach: an Eternal Golden Braid. NY: Basic."},{"key":"6_CR17","volume-title":"Metamagical Themas","author":"D. Hofstadter","year":"1985","unstructured":"Hofstadter, D. (1985) Metamagical Themas. New York, NY: Basic Books."},{"key":"6_CR18","unstructured":"Keeley, B.L. (1993) Against the global replacement: On the application of the philosophy of AI to AL. In C. Langton (ed.) Artificial Life III, pp. 569\u2013587."},{"key":"6_CR19","unstructured":"Langton, C.G. (1989) Artificial Life. In Langton (ed.) Artificial Life, pp. 1\u201347."},{"volume-title":"Artificial Life","year":"1989","key":"6_CR20","unstructured":"Langton, C.G. (ed.) (1989) Artificial Life. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley."},{"volume-title":"Artificial Life III","year":"1993","key":"6_CR21","unstructured":"Langton, C.G. (ed.) (1993) Artificial Life III. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley."},{"volume-title":"Artificial Life II","year":"1992","key":"6_CR22","unstructured":"Langton, C.G., Farmer, J.D., Rasmussen, S. & Taylor, C.E. (eds.) (1992) Artificial Life II. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley."},{"key":"6_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.es.01.110170.000245","volume":"1","author":"R.C. Lewontin","year":"1970","unstructured":"Lewontin, R.C. (1970) The units of selection. Ann. Rev. Ecol. Syst. 1: 1\u201318.","journal-title":"Ann. Rev. Ecol. Syst."},{"key":"6_CR24","volume-title":"The Problems of Biology","author":"J. Maynard Smith","year":"1986","unstructured":"Maynard Smith, J. (1986) The Problems of Biology. Oxford: Oxford U. P."},{"key":"6_CR25","volume-title":"The Growth of the Biological Thought","author":"E. Mayr","year":"1982","unstructured":"Mayr, E. (1982) The Growth of the Biological Thought. Cambridge: Harvard UP."},{"key":"6_CR26","volume-title":"Towards a New Philosophy of Biology","author":"E. Mayr","year":"1988","unstructured":"Mayr, E. (1988) Towards a New Philosophy of Biology. Cambridge: Harvard UP."},{"key":"6_CR27","unstructured":"Minch, E. (1988) The Representation of Hierarchical Structure in Evolving Networks. Ph. D. Dissertation, SUNY."},{"issue":"2","key":"6_CR28","first-page":"197","volume":"86","author":"A. Moreno","year":"1993","unstructured":"Moreno, A., Etxeberria, A., & Umerez, J. (1993) Semiotics and interlevel causality in biology. Rivista di Biologia \u2014 Biology Forum 86(2): 197\u2013209.","journal-title":"Rivista di Biologia \u2014 Biology Forum"},{"key":"6_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Moreno, A., Etxeberria, A. & Umerez, J. (1994) Universality without Matter? In R. Brooks & P. Maes (eds.) Artificial Life IV, pp. 406\u201310.","DOI":"10.7551\/mitpress\/1428.003.0054"},{"key":"6_CR30","unstructured":"Moreno, A., Fern\u00e1ndez, J. & Etxeberria, A. (1990a) The necessity of a definition for life. Poster to the 2nd Workshop on Artificial Life, Santa Fe: February '90."},{"key":"6_CR31","first-page":"357","volume-title":"Cybernetics and Systems '90","author":"A. Moreno","year":"1990","unstructured":"Moreno, A., Fern\u00e1ndez, J. & Etxeberria, A. (1990b) Cybernetics, Autopoiesis, and definitions of life. In R. Trappl (ed.) Cybernetics and Systems '90, Singapore: World Scientific, pp. 357\u201364."},{"issue":"3","key":"6_CR32","first-page":"15","volume":"II","author":"A. Moreno","year":"1994","unstructured":"Moreno, A., Umerez, J. & Fern\u00e1ndez, J. (1994) Definition of life and research program in Artificial Life. Ludus Vitalis. J. of Life Sciences, II (3): 15\u201333.","journal-title":"Ludus Vitalis. J. of Life Sciences"},{"key":"6_CR33","unstructured":"Morris, C.W. (1938) Foundations of the Theory of Signs. O. Neurath, R. Carnap & C.W. Morris (eds.) International Encyclopedia of Unified Science 1(2)."},{"key":"6_CR34","volume-title":"The Theory of Self-Reproducing Automata","author":"J. Neumann von","year":"1966","unstructured":"Neumann, J. von (1966) The Theory of Self-Reproducing Automata. A. Burks (ed.), Urbana, ILL: U. of Illinois Pr."},{"key":"6_CR35","first-page":"381","volume-title":"Advances in Enzymology 27","author":"H.H. Pattee","year":"1965","unstructured":"Pattee, H.H. (1965) Experimental approaches to the origin of life problem. In F.F. Nord (ed.) Advances in Enzymology 27: 381\u2013415, New York: Wiley."},{"key":"6_CR36","first-page":"1","volume":"3","author":"H.H. Pattee","year":"1969","unstructured":"Pattee, H.H. (1969) How does a molecule become a message? Dev. Biol. Sup. 3: 1\u201316.","journal-title":"Dev. Biol. Sup."},{"key":"6_CR37","first-page":"248","volume-title":"Towards a Theoretical Biology 4. Essays","author":"H.H. Pattee","year":"1972","unstructured":"Pattee, H.H. (1972) Laws and constraints, symbols and languages. In C.H. Waddington (ed.) Towards a Theoretical Biology 4. Essays, Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, pp. 248\u201358."},{"issue":"4","key":"6_CR38","first-page":"325","volume":"5","author":"H.H. Pattee","year":"1982","unstructured":"Pattee, H.H. (1982) Cell Psychology: An evolutionary approach to the symbol-matter problem. Cognition and Brain Theory 5(4): 325\u2013341.","journal-title":"Cognition and Brain Theory"},{"key":"6_CR39","first-page":"268","volume-title":"Complexity, Language, and Life","author":"H.H. Pattee","year":"1985","unstructured":"Pattee, H.H. (1985) Universal principles of measurement and language functions in evolving systems. In J.L. Casti & A. Karlqvist (eds.) Complexity, Language, and Life, Berlin: Springer-Verlag, pp. 268\u201381."},{"key":"6_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4613-0883-6_18","volume-title":"Self-Organizing Systems. The Emergence of Order","author":"H.H. Pattee","year":"1987","unstructured":"Pattee, H.H. (1987) Instabilities and information in biological self-organization. In F.E. Yates (ed.) Self-Organizing Systems. The Emergence of Order, New York, NY: Plenum, pp. 325\u201338."},{"key":"6_CR41","unstructured":"Pattee, H.H. (1989) Simulations, realizations, and theories of life. In C.G. Langton (ed.) Artificial Life, pp. 63\u201377."},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"6_CR42","first-page":"9","volume":"12","author":"H.H. Pattee","year":"1995","unstructured":"Pattee, H.H. (1995a) Evolving self-reference: matter, symbols, and semantic closure. Communication and Cognition-Artificial Intelligence 12(1\u20132): 9\u201327.","journal-title":"Communication and Cognition-Artificial Intelligence"},{"key":"6_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pattee, H.H. (1995b) Artificial Life Needs a Real Epistemology. This volume.","DOI":"10.1007\/3-540-59496-5_286"},{"key":"6_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511625251","volume-title":"Mind, Language, and Reality. Philosophical Papers, vol. 2","author":"H. Putnam","year":"1975","unstructured":"Putnam, H. (1975) Mind, Language, and Reality. Philosophical Papers, vol. 2. Cambridge, MA: Cambridge U. Pr."},{"key":"6_CR45","unstructured":"Rasmussen, S. (1992) Aspects of information, life, reality, and physics. In C.G. Langton, et al. (eds.) Artificial Life II, pp. 767\u201373."},{"key":"6_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rocha, L. (1995) Contextual GA: Evolving developmental rules. This volume.","DOI":"10.1007\/3-540-59496-5_312"},{"key":"6_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1006\/jtbi.1994.1214","volume":"171","author":"R. Rosen","year":"1994","unstructured":"Rosen, R. (1994) On Psychomimesis. J. Theor. Biol. 171: 87\u201392.","journal-title":"J. Theor. Biol."},{"key":"6_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01734104","volume":"18","author":"T.F. Smith","year":"1982","unstructured":"Smith, T.F. & Morowitz, H.J. (1982) Between History and Physics. Journal of Molecular Evolution 18: 265\u201382.","journal-title":"Journal of Molecular Evolution"},{"key":"6_CR49","unstructured":"Sober, E. (1992) Learning from functionalism \u2014 Prospects for strong Artificial Life. In C.G. Langton et al. (eds.) Artificial Life II, pp. 749\u201365."},{"key":"6_CR50","unstructured":"Umerez, J. (1994) Jerarqu\u00edas Aut\u00f3nomas.-Un estudio sobre el origen y la naturaleza de los procesos de control y de formaci\u00f3n de niveles en sistemas naturales complejos. Ph.D. Dissertation, University of the Basque Country."},{"volume-title":"Toward a Practice of Autonomous Systems. Proceedings of the 1st ECAL","year":"1992","key":"6_CR51","unstructured":"Varela, F.J. & Bourgine, P. (eds.) (1992) Toward a Practice of Autonomous Systems. Proceedings of the 1st ECAL. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press."}],"container-title":["Lecture Notes in Computer Science","Advances in Artificial Life"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/3-540-59496-5_290.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,20]],"date-time":"2024-04-20T16:34:17Z","timestamp":1713630857000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/3-540-59496-5_290"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1995]]},"ISBN":["9783540594963","9783540492863"],"references-count":51,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/3-540-59496-5_290","relation":{},"ISSN":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0302-9743"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1611-3349"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1995]]}}}