{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,28]],"date-time":"2026-01-28T15:10:29Z","timestamp":1769613029722,"version":"3.49.0"},"publisher-location":"New York, NY","reference-count":56,"publisher":"Springer US","isbn-type":[{"value":"9781071631386","type":"print"},{"value":"9781071631393","type":"electronic"}],"license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,1]],"date-time":"2023-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1672531200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,1]],"date-time":"2023-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1672531200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-0716-3139-3_7","type":"book-chapter","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,30]],"date-time":"2023-05-30T13:02:55Z","timestamp":1685451775000},"page":"127-143","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Primary Cultures of Spermatogonia and Testis Cells"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"given":"Fan","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jiachen","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xin","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"7_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"776","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1939-4640.2000.tb03408.x","volume":"21","author":"DG de Rooij","year":"2000","unstructured":"de Rooij DG, Russell LD (2000) All you wanted to know about spermatozoon but were afraid to ask. J Androl 21:776\u2013798","journal-title":"J Androl"},{"issue":"6","key":"7_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1085","DOI":"10.2164\/jandrol.112.016832","volume":"33","author":"DG De Rooij","year":"2012","unstructured":"De Rooij DG, Griswold MD (2012) Questions about spermatogonia posed and answered since 2000. J Androl 33(6):1085\u20131095. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2164\/jandrol.112.016832","journal-title":"J Androl"},{"issue":"5576","key":"7_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2174","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1071607","volume":"296","author":"RL Brinster","year":"2002","unstructured":"Brinster RL (2002) Germline stem cell transplantation and transgenesis. Science 296(5576):2174\u20132176. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/science.1071607","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"5823","key":"7_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"404","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1137741","volume":"316","author":"RL Brinster","year":"2007","unstructured":"Brinster RL (2007) Male germline stem cells: from mice to men. Science 316(5823):404\u2013405. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/science.1137741","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"25","key":"7_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9524","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0603332103","volume":"103","author":"JM Oatley","year":"2006","unstructured":"Oatley JM, Avarbock MR, Telaranta AI, Fearon DT, Brinster RL (2006) Identifying genes important for spermatogonial stem cell self-renewal and survival. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 103(25):9524\u20139529. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.0603332103","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"issue":"2","key":"7_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1016\/0027-5107(93)90159-d","volume":"290","author":"RA Tegelenbosch","year":"1993","unstructured":"Tegelenbosch RA, de Rooij DG (1993) A quantitative study of spermatogonial multiplication and stem cell renewal in the C3H\/101 F1 hybrid mouse. Mutat Res 290(2):193\u2013200. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0027-5107(93)90159-d","journal-title":"Mutat Res"},{"key":"7_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1016\/S0091-679X(08)00004-6","volume":"86","author":"H Kubota","year":"2008","unstructured":"Kubota H, Brinster RL (2008) Culture of rodent spermatogonial stem cells, male germline stem cells of the postnatal animal. Methods Cell Biol 86:59\u201384. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0091-679X(08)00004-6","journal-title":"Methods Cell Biol"},{"issue":"6","key":"7_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2207","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod.102.014050","volume":"68","author":"M Nagano","year":"2003","unstructured":"Nagano M, Ryu BY, Brinster CJ, Avarbock MR, Brinster RL (2003) Maintenance of mouse male germ line stem cells in vitro. Biol Reprod 68(6):2207\u20132214. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1095\/biolreprod.102.014050","journal-title":"Biol Reprod"},{"issue":"10","key":"7_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5504","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.96.10.5504","volume":"96","author":"T Shinohara","year":"1999","unstructured":"Shinohara T, Avarbock MR, Brinster RL (1999) beta1- and alpha6-integrin are surface markers on mouse spermatogonial stem cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 96(10):5504\u20135509. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.96.10.5504","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"issue":"15","key":"7_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8346","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.97.15.8346","volume":"97","author":"T Shinohara","year":"2000","unstructured":"Shinohara T, Orwig KE, Avarbock MR, Brinster RL (2000) Spermatogonial stem cell enrichment by multiparameter selection of mouse testis cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 97(15):8346\u20138351. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.97.15.8346","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"issue":"3","key":"7_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"722","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod.104.029207","volume":"71","author":"H Kubota","year":"2004","unstructured":"Kubota H, Avarbock MR, Brinster RL (2004) Culture conditions and single growth factors affect fate determination of mouse spermatogonial stem cells. Biol Reprod 71(3):722\u2013731. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1095\/biolreprod.104.029207","journal-title":"Biol Reprod"},{"issue":"2","key":"7_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1006\/dbio.2000.9655","volume":"220","author":"T Shinohara","year":"2000","unstructured":"Shinohara T, Avarbock MR, Brinster RL (2000) Functional analysis of spermatogonial stem cells in steel and cryptorchid infertile mouse models. Dev Biol 220(2):401\u2013411. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1006\/dbio.2000.9655","journal-title":"Dev Biol"},{"issue":"11","key":"7_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6487","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0631767100","volume":"100","author":"H Kubota","year":"2003","unstructured":"Kubota H, Avarbock MR, Brinster RL (2003) Spermatogonial stem cells share some, but not all, phenotypic and functional characteristics with other stem cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 100(11):6487\u20136492. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.0631767100","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"issue":"40","key":"7_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14302","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0506970102","volume":"102","author":"BY Ryu","year":"2005","unstructured":"Ryu BY, Kubota H, Avarbock MR, Brinster RL (2005) Conservation of spermatogonial stem cell self-renewal signaling between mouse and rat. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 102(40):14302\u201314307. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.0506970102","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"issue":"4","key":"7_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1016\/s0040-8166(98)80053-0","volume":"30","author":"M Nagano","year":"1998","unstructured":"Nagano M, Avarbock MR, Leonida EB, Brinster CJ, Brinster RL (1998) Culture of mouse spermatogonial stem cells. Tissue Cell 30(4):389\u2013397. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0040-8166(98)80053-0","journal-title":"Tissue Cell"},{"issue":"2","key":"7_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"612","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod.103.017012","volume":"69","author":"M Kanatsu-Shinohara","year":"2003","unstructured":"Kanatsu-Shinohara M, Ogonuki N, Inoue K, Miki H, Ogura A, Toyokuni S, Shinohara T (2003) Long-term proliferation in culture and germline transmission of mouse male germline stem cells. Biol Reprod 69(2):612\u2013616. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1095\/biolreprod.103.017012","journal-title":"Biol Reprod"},{"key":"7_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"36779","DOI":"10.1038\/srep36779","volume":"6","author":"X Wei","year":"2016","unstructured":"Wei X, Jia Y, Xue Y, Geng L, Wang M, Li L, Wang M, Zhang X, Wu X (2016) GDNF-expressing STO feeder layer supports the long-term propagation of undifferentiated mouse spermatogonia with stem cell properties. Sci Rep 6:36779. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/srep36779","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"4","key":"7_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.24471","volume":"229","author":"Y Guo","year":"2014","unstructured":"Guo Y, Hai Y, Gong Y, Li Z, He Z (2014) Characterization, isolation, and culture of mouse and human spermatogonial stem cells. J Cell Physiol 229(4):407\u2013413. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jcp.24471","journal-title":"J Cell Physiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"7_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1038\/cr.2016.156","volume":"27","author":"CH Li","year":"2017","unstructured":"Li CH, Yan LZ, Ban WZ, Tu Q, Wu Y, Wang L, Bi R, Ji S, Ma YH, Nie WH, Lv LB, Yao YG, Zhao XD, Zheng P (2017) Long-term propagation of tree shrew spermatogonial stem cells in culture and successful generation of transgenic offspring. Cell Res 27(2):241\u2013252. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/cr.2016.156","journal-title":"Cell Res"},{"issue":"48","key":"7_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17430","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0508780102","volume":"102","author":"FK Hamra","year":"2005","unstructured":"Hamra FK, Chapman KM, Nguyen DM, Williams-Stephens AA, Hammer RE, Garbers DL (2005) Self renewal, expansion, and transfection of rat spermatogonial stem cells in culture. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 102(48):17430\u201317435. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.0508780102","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"issue":"4","key":"7_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"985","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod.104.036400","volume":"72","author":"M Kanatsu-Shinohara","year":"2005","unstructured":"Kanatsu-Shinohara M, Miki H, Inoue K, Ogonuki N, Toyokuni S, Ogura A, Shinohara T (2005) Long-term culture of mouse male germline stem cells under serum-or feeder-free conditions. Biol Reprod 72(4):985\u2013991. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1095\/biolreprod.104.036400","journal-title":"Biol Reprod"},{"issue":"47","key":"7_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16489","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0407063101","volume":"101","author":"H Kubota","year":"2004","unstructured":"Kubota H, Avarbock MR, Brinster RL (2004) Growth factors essential for self-renewal and expansion of mouse spermatogonial stem cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 101(47):16489\u201316494. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.0407063101","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"issue":"3","key":"7_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"522","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod.105.046441","volume":"74","author":"M Kanatsu-Shinohara","year":"2006","unstructured":"Kanatsu-Shinohara M, Inoue K, Lee J, Miki H, Ogonuki N, Toyokuni S, Ogura A, Shinohara T (2006) Anchorage-independent growth of mouse male germline stem cells in vitro. Biol Reprod 74(3):522\u2013529. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1095\/biolreprod.105.046441","journal-title":"Biol Reprod"},{"issue":"1","key":"7_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod.110.086462","volume":"84","author":"M Kanatsu-Shinohara","year":"2011","unstructured":"Kanatsu-Shinohara M, Inoue K, Ogonuki N, Morimoto H, Ogura A, Shinohara T (2011) Serum- and feeder-free culture of mouse germline stem cells. Biol Reprod 84(1):97\u2013105. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1095\/biolreprod.110.086462","journal-title":"Biol Reprod"},{"issue":"4","key":"7_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod.114.122317","volume":"91","author":"M Kanatsu-Shinohara","year":"2014","unstructured":"Kanatsu-Shinohara M, Ogonuki N, Matoba S, Morimoto H, Ogura A, Shinohara T (2014) Improved serum- and feeder-free culture of mouse germline stem cells. Biol Reprod 91(4):88. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1095\/biolreprod.114.122317","journal-title":"Biol Reprod"},{"issue":"10","key":"7_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1734","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.076539","volume":"139","author":"K Ishii","year":"2012","unstructured":"Ishii K, Kanatsu-Shinohara M, Toyokuni S, Shinohara T (2012) FGF2 mediates mouse spermatogonial stem cell self-renewal via upregulation of Etv5 and Bcl6b through MAP2K1 activation. Development 139(10):1734\u20131743. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1242\/dev.076539","journal-title":"Development"},{"issue":"5","key":"7_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"543","DOI":"10.1530\/REP-07-0419","volume":"136","author":"PM Aponte","year":"2008","unstructured":"Aponte PM, Soda T, Teerds KJ, Mizrak SC, van de Kant HJ, de Rooij DG (2008) Propagation of bovine spermatogonial stem cells in vitro. Reproduction 136(5):543\u2013557. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1530\/REP-07-0419","journal-title":"Reproduction"},{"issue":"1","key":"7_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1089\/cell.2018.0018","volume":"21","author":"A Sharma","year":"2019","unstructured":"Sharma A, Shah SM, Saini N, Mehta P, Kumar BSB, Dua D, Singh MK, Singla SK, Palta P, Manik RS, Chauhan MS (2019) Optimization of serum-free culture conditions for propagation of Putative Buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) spermatogonial stem cells. Cell Reprogram 21(1):1\u201310. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/cell.2018.0018","journal-title":"Cell Reprogram"},{"issue":"43","key":"7_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"40225","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M105143200","volume":"276","author":"S Dolci","year":"2001","unstructured":"Dolci S, Pellegrini M, Di Agostino S, Geremia R, Rossi P (2001) Signaling through extracellular signal-regulated kinase is required for spermatogonial proliferative response to stem cell factor. J Biol Chem 276(43):40225\u201340233. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1074\/jbc.M105143200","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"issue":"7","key":"7_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1191","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.032243","volume":"136","author":"JM Oatley","year":"2009","unstructured":"Oatley JM, Oatley MJ, Avarbock MR, Tobias JW, Brinster RL (2009) Colony stimulating factor 1 is an extrinsic stimulator of mouse spermatogonial stem cell self-renewal. Development 136(7):1191\u20131199. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1242\/dev.032243","journal-title":"Development"},{"issue":"7","key":"7_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2076","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.08-121939","volume":"23","author":"YH Huang","year":"2009","unstructured":"Huang YH, Chin CC, Ho HN, Chou CK, Shen CN, Kuo HC, Wu TJ, Wu YC, Hung YC, Chang CC, Ling TY (2009) Pluripotency of mouse spermatogonial stem cells maintained by IGF-1- dependent pathway. FASEB J 23(7):2076\u20132087. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1096\/fj.08-121939","journal-title":"FASEB J"},{"key":"7_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Yang F, Whelan EC, Guan X, Deng B, Wang S, Sun J, Avarbock MR, Wu X, Brinster RL (2020) FGF9 promotes mouse spermatogonial stem cell proliferation mediated by p38 MAPK signalling. Cell Prolif 54. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/cpr.12933","DOI":"10.1111\/cpr.12933"},{"issue":"5457","key":"7_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1489","DOI":"10.1126\/science.287.5457.1489","volume":"287","author":"X Meng","year":"2000","unstructured":"Meng X, Lindahl M, Hyvonen ME, Parvinen M, de Rooij DG, Hess MW, Raatikainen-Ahokas A, Sainio K, Rauvala H, Lakso M, Pichel JG, Westphal H, Saarma M, Sariola H (2000) Regulation of cell fate decision of undifferentiated spermatogonia by GDNF. Science 287(5457):1489\u20131493. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/science.287.5457.1489","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"3","key":"7_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stemcr.2015.01.010","volume":"4","author":"S Takashima","year":"2015","unstructured":"Takashima S, Kanatsu-Shinohara M, Tanaka T, Morimoto H, Inoue K, Ogonuki N, Jijiwa M, Takahashi M, Ogura A, Shinohara T (2015) Functional differences between GDNF-dependent and FGF2-dependent mouse spermatogonial stem cell self-renewal. Stem Cell Reports 4(3):489\u2013502. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.stemcr.2015.01.010","journal-title":"Stem Cell Reports"},{"issue":"8","key":"7_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2604","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.10-175802","volume":"25","author":"H Kubota","year":"2011","unstructured":"Kubota H, Wu X, Goodyear SM, Avarbock MR, Brinster RL (2011) Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor and endothelial cells promote self-renewal of rabbit germ cells with spermatogonial stem cell properties. FASEB J 25(8):2604\u20132614. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1096\/fj.10-175802","journal-title":"FASEB J"},{"issue":"4","key":"7_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"611","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod.107.065615","volume":"78","author":"M Kanatsu-Shinohara","year":"2008","unstructured":"Kanatsu-Shinohara M, Muneto T, Lee J, Takenaka M, Chuma S, Nakatsuji N, Horiuchi T, Shinohara T (2008) Long-term culture of male germline stem cells from hamster testes. Biol Reprod 78(4):611\u2013617. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1095\/biolreprod.107.065615","journal-title":"Biol Reprod"},{"issue":"4","key":"7_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"721","DOI":"10.1530\/REP-09-0138","volume":"138","author":"EW Kuijk","year":"2009","unstructured":"Kuijk EW, Colenbrander B, Roelen BA (2009) The effects of growth factors on in vitro-cultured porcine testicular cells. Reproduction 138(4):721\u2013731. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1530\/REP-09-0138","journal-title":"Reproduction"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"7_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2012.12.005","volume":"137","author":"H Zhu","year":"2013","unstructured":"Zhu H, Liu C, Li M, Sun J, Song W, Hua J (2013) Optimization of the conditions of isolation and culture of dairy goat male germline stem cells (mGSC). Anim Reprod Sci 137(1\u20132):45\u201352. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2012.12.005","journal-title":"Anim Reprod Sci"},{"issue":"8","key":"7_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1149","DOI":"10.1071\/RD12330","volume":"25","author":"PH Kadam","year":"2013","unstructured":"Kadam PH, Kala S, Agrawal H, Singh KP, Singh MK, Chauhan MS, Palta P, Singla SK, Manik RS (2013) Effects of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor, fibroblast growth factor 2 and epidermal growth factor on proliferation and the expression of some genes in buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) spermatogonial cells. Reprod Fertil Dev 25(8):1149\u20131157. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1071\/RD12330","journal-title":"Reprod Fertil Dev"},{"issue":"7","key":"7_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"945","DOI":"10.1007\/s10815-013-0031-0","volume":"30","author":"Y Zheng","year":"2013","unstructured":"Zheng Y, Tian X, Zhang Y, Qin J, An J, Zeng W (2013) In vitro propagation of male germline stem cells from piglets. J Assist Reprod Genet 30(7):945\u2013952. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10815-013-0031-0","journal-title":"J Assist Reprod Genet"},{"issue":"1","key":"7_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod.116.139832","volume":"95","author":"MJ Oatley","year":"2016","unstructured":"Oatley MJ, Kaucher AV, Yang QE, Waqas MS, Oatley JM (2016) Conditions for long-term culture of cattle undifferentiated spermatogonia. Biol Reprod 95(1):14. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1095\/biolreprod.116.139832","journal-title":"Biol Reprod"},{"issue":"19","key":"7_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2127","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2009.1689","volume":"302","author":"H Sadri-Ardekani","year":"2009","unstructured":"Sadri-Ardekani H, Mizrak SC, van Daalen SK, Korver CM, Roepers-Gajadien HL, Koruji M, Hovingh S, de Reijke TM, de la Rosette JJ, van der Veen F, de Rooij DG, Repping S, van Pelt AM (2009) Propagation of human spermatogonial stem cells in vitro. JAMA 302(19):2127\u20132134. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jama.2009.1689","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"2","key":"7_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod.109.078550","volume":"82","author":"Z He","year":"2010","unstructured":"He Z, Kokkinaki M, Jiang J, Dobrinski I, Dym M (2010) Isolation, characterization, and culture of human spermatogonia. Biol Reprod 82(2):363\u2013372. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1095\/biolreprod.109.078550","journal-title":"Biol Reprod"},{"key":"7_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Kokkinaki M, Djourabtchi A, Golestaneh N (2011) Long-term culture of human SSEA-4 positive Spermatogonial Stem Cells (SSCs). J Stem Cell Res Ther 2(2). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4172\/2157-7633.S2-003","DOI":"10.4172\/2157-7633.S2-003"},{"issue":"23","key":"7_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2416","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2011.791","volume":"305","author":"H Sadri-Ardekani","year":"2011","unstructured":"Sadri-Ardekani H, Akhondi MA, van der Veen F, Repping S, van Pelt AM (2011) In vitro propagation of human prepubertal spermatogonial stem cells. JAMA 305(23):2416\u20132418. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jama.2011.791","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"7_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Hou JM, Niu MH, Liu LH, Zhu ZJ, Wang XB, Sun M, Yuan QQ, Yang S, Zeng WX, Liu Y, Li Z, He ZP (2015) Establishment and characterization of human germline stem cell line with unlimited proliferation potentials and no tumor formation. Sci Rep-Uk 5. doi:ARTN 16922. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/srep16922","DOI":"10.1038\/srep16922"},{"issue":"11","key":"7_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3012","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/det336","volume":"28","author":"N Kossack","year":"2013","unstructured":"Kossack N, Terwort N, Wistuba J, Ehmcke J, Schlatt S, Scholer H, Kliesch S, Gromoll J (2013) A combined approach facilitates the reliable detection of human spermatogonia in vitro. Hum Reprod 28(11):3012\u20133025. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/humrep\/det336","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"issue":"9","key":"7_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2018","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/deu157","volume":"29","author":"D Langenstroth","year":"2014","unstructured":"Langenstroth D, Kossack N, Westernstroer B, Wistuba J, Behr R, Gromoll J, Schlatt S (2014) Separation of somatic and germ cells is required to establish primate spermatogonial cultures. Hum Reprod 29(9):2018\u20132031. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/humrep\/deu157","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"issue":"11","key":"7_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2497","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/deu232","volume":"29","author":"Y Zheng","year":"2014","unstructured":"Zheng Y, Thomas A, Schmidt CM, Dann CT (2014) Quantitative detection of human spermatogonia for optimization of spermatogonial stem cell culture. Hum Reprod 29(11):2497\u20132511. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/humrep\/deu232","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"issue":"6","key":"7_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1539","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2016.07.1065","volume":"106","author":"JV Medrano","year":"2016","unstructured":"Medrano JV, Rombaut C, Simon C, Pellicer A, Goossens E (2016) Human spermatogonial stem cells display limited proliferation in vitro under mouse spermatogonial stem cell culture conditions. Fertil Steril 106(6):1539\u20131549. e1538. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2016.07.1065","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"7_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/cddis.2016.24","volume":"7","author":"L Li","year":"2016","unstructured":"Li L, Wang M, Wang M, Wu X, Geng L, Xue Y, Wei X, Jia Y, Wu X (2016) A long non-coding RNA interacts with Gfra1 and maintains survival of mouse spermatogonial stem cells. Cell Death Dis 7:e2140. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/cddis.2016.24","journal-title":"Cell Death Dis"},{"issue":"6","key":"7_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"982","DOI":"10.1074\/mcp.M116.065797","volume":"16","author":"M Wang","year":"2017","unstructured":"Wang M, Guo Y, Wang M, Zhou T, Xue Y, Du G, Wei X, Wang J, Qi L, Zhang H, Li L, Ye L, Guo X, Wu X (2017) The glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF)-responsive phosphoprotein landscape identifies raptor phosphorylation required for Spermatogonial progenitor cell proliferation. Mol Cell Proteomics 16(6):982\u2013997. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1074\/mcp.M116.065797","journal-title":"Mol Cell Proteomics"},{"key":"7_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Wang M, Yu L, Wang S, Yang F, Wang M, Li L, Wu X (2020) LIN28A binds to meiotic gene transcripts and modulates their translation in male germ cells. J Cell Sci 133(12). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1242\/jcs.242701","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.242701"},{"key":"7_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Du G, Wang X, Luo M, Xu W, Zhou T, Wang M, Yu L, Li L, Cai L, Wang PJ, Zhong Li J, Oatley JM, Wu X (2020) mRBPome capture identifies the RNA-binding protein TRIM71, an essential regulator of spermatogonial differentiation. Development 147(8). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1242\/dev.184655","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.184655"},{"issue":"2","key":"7_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod.109.075960","volume":"81","author":"H Kubota","year":"2009","unstructured":"Kubota H, Avarbock MR, Schmidt JA, Brinster RL (2009) Spermatogonial stem cells derived from infertile Wv\/Wv mice self-renew in vitro and generate progeny following transplantation. Biol Reprod 81(2):293\u2013301. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1095\/biolreprod.109.075960","journal-title":"Biol Reprod"},{"issue":"5","key":"7_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1430","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stemcr.2017.03.004","volume":"8","author":"AR Helsel","year":"2017","unstructured":"Helsel AR, Oatley MJ, Oatley JM (2017) Glycolysis-optimized conditions enhance maintenance of regenerative integrity in mouse Spermatogonial stem cells during long-term culture. Stem Cell Reports 8(5):1430\u20131441. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.stemcr.2017.03.004","journal-title":"Stem Cell Reports"}],"container-title":["Methods in Molecular Biology","Spermatogonial Stem Cells"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/978-1-0716-3139-3_7","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,14]],"date-time":"2023-12-14T12:05:57Z","timestamp":1702555557000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/978-1-0716-3139-3_7"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023]]},"ISBN":["9781071631386","9781071631393"],"references-count":56,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-1-0716-3139-3_7","relation":{},"ISSN":["1064-3745","1940-6029"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1064-3745","type":"print"},{"value":"1940-6029","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023]]},"assertion":[{"value":"31 May 2023","order":1,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ChapterHistory","label":"Chapter History"}}]}}