{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T23:15:38Z","timestamp":1788304538089,"version":"build-2803163510"},"publisher-location":"New York, NY","reference-count":32,"publisher":"Springer US","isbn-type":[{"value":"9781071653753","type":"print"},{"value":"9781071653760","type":"electronic"}],"license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-0716-5376-0_28","type":"book-chapter","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T22:37:08Z","timestamp":1788302228000},"page":"463-475","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Establishing, Maintaining, and Cryopreserving In Vitro Cultures of the Asexual Stages of Babesia divergens"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"given":"Divya","family":"Beri","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marilis","family":"Rodriguez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cheryl A.","family":"Lobo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"28_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens8030095","volume":"8","author":"CA Lobo","year":"2019","unstructured":"Lobo CA, Cursino-Santos JR, Singh M, Rodriguez M (2019) Babesia divergens: a drive to survive. Pathogens 8:95","journal-title":"Pathogens"},{"key":"28_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens11040399","volume":"11","author":"E Montero","year":"2022","unstructured":"Montero E, Gray J, Lobo CA, Gonzalez LM (2022) Babesia and Human Babesiosis. Pathogens 11:399","journal-title":"Pathogens"},{"key":"28_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1007\/s40588-015-0025-z","volume":"2","author":"RL Ord","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ord RL, Lobo CA (2015) Human Babesiosis: pathogens, prevalence, diagnosis and treatment. Curr Clin Microbiol Rep 2:173\u2013181","journal-title":"Curr Clin Microbiol Rep"},{"key":"28_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens11020168","volume":"11","author":"C Almazan","year":"2022","unstructured":"Almazan C, Scimeca RC, Reichard MV, Mosqueda J (2022) Babesiosis and theileriosis in North America. Pathogens 11:168","journal-title":"Pathogens"},{"key":"28_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"573","DOI":"10.1097\/MOH.0000000000000287","volume":"23","author":"AE Levin","year":"2016","unstructured":"Levin AE, Krause PJ (2016) Transfusion-transmitted babesiosis: is it time to screen the blood supply? Curr Opin Hematol 23:573\u2013580","journal-title":"Curr Opin Hematol"},{"key":"28_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.5858\/arpa.2017-0250-RS","volume":"143","author":"T Villatoro","year":"2019","unstructured":"Villatoro T, Karp JK (2019) Transfusion-transmitted Babesiosis. Arch Pathol Lab Med 143:130\u2013134","journal-title":"Arch Pathol Lab Med"},{"key":"28_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1","DOI":"10.1093\/jpids\/pix074","volume":"7","author":"K Saetre","year":"2018","unstructured":"Saetre K, Godhwani N, Maria M, Patel D, Wang G, Li KI, Wormser GP, Nolan SM (2018) Congenital Babesiosis after maternal infection with Borrelia burgdorferi and Babesia microti. J Pediatr Infect Dis Soc 7:e1\u2013e5","journal-title":"J Pediatr Infect Dis Soc"},{"key":"28_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-021-04638-0","volume":"14","author":"K Tolkacz","year":"2021","unstructured":"Tolkacz K, Rodo A, Wdowiarska A, Bajer A, Bednarska M (2021) Impact of Babesia microti infection on the initiation and course of pregnancy in BALB\/c mice. Parasit Vectors 14:132","journal-title":"Parasit Vectors"},{"issue":"11","key":"28_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1447","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens10111447","volume":"10","author":"A Kumar","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kumar A, O'Bryan J, Krause PJ (2021) The global emergence of human babesiosis. Pathogens 10(11):1447","journal-title":"Pathogens"},{"key":"28_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1016\/j.idc.2008.03.010","volume":"22","author":"E Vannier","year":"2008","unstructured":"Vannier E, Gewurz BE, Krause PJ (2008) Human babesiosis. Infect Dis Clin N Am 22:469\u201388, viii\u2013ix","journal-title":"Infect Dis Clin N Am"},{"key":"28_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1435","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens10111435","volume":"10","author":"D Beri","year":"2021","unstructured":"Beri D, Singh M, Rodriguez M, Yazdanbakhsh K, Lobo CA (2021) Sickle cell anemia and Babesia infection. Pathogens 10:1435","journal-title":"Pathogens"},{"key":"28_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"356","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pt.2019.01.007","volume":"35","author":"M Jalovecka","year":"2019","unstructured":"Jalovecka M, Sojka D, Ascencio M, Schnittger L (2019) Babesia life cycle \u2013 when phylogeny meets biology. Trends Parasitol 35:356\u2013368","journal-title":"Trends Parasitol"},{"key":"28_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1003387","volume":"9","author":"CA Lobo","year":"2013","unstructured":"Lobo CA, Cursino-Santos JR, Alhassan A, Rodrigues M (2013) Babesia: an emerging infectious threat in transfusion medicine. PLoS Pathog 9:e1003387","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog"},{"key":"28_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"825","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM197710132971511","volume":"297","author":"TK Ruebush 2nd","year":"1977","unstructured":"Ruebush TK 2nd, Juranek DD, Chisholm ES, Snow PC, Healy GR, Sulzer AJ (1977) Human babesiosis on Nantucket Island. Evidence for self-limited and subclinical infections. N Engl J Med 297:825\u2013827","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"28_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"937","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1981.30.937","volume":"30","author":"TK Ruebush 2nd","year":"1981","unstructured":"Ruebush TK 2nd, Juranek DD, Spielman A, Piesman J, Healy GR (1981) Epidemiology of human babesiosis on Nantucket Island. Am J Trop Med Hyg 30:937\u2013941","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"28_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1323","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-7519(00)00137-5","volume":"30","author":"AM Kjemtrup","year":"2000","unstructured":"Kjemtrup AM, Conrad PA (2000) Human babesiosis: an emerging tick-borne disease. Int J Parasitol 30:1323\u20131337","journal-title":"Int J Parasitol"},{"key":"28_CR17","first-page":"184","volume":"72","author":"A Lukavska","year":"2023","unstructured":"Lukavska A, Kybicova K (2023) Human babesiosis. Epidemiol Mikrobiol Imunol 72:184\u2013190","journal-title":"Epidemiol Mikrobiol Imunol"},{"key":"28_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"638","DOI":"10.1111\/trf.17234","volume":"63","author":"SJ Drews","year":"2023","unstructured":"Drews SJ, Wendel S, Leiby DA, Tonnetti L, Ushiro-Lumb I, O\u2019Brien SF, Lieshout-Krikke RW, Bloch EM, International Society of Blood Transfusion Working Party Parasite S (2023) Climate change and parasitic risk to the blood supply. Transfusion 63:638\u2013645","journal-title":"Transfusion"},{"key":"28_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens10111430","volume":"10","author":"JS Gray","year":"2021","unstructured":"Gray JS, Ogden NH (2021) Ticks, human babesiosis and climate change. Pathogens 10:Article 1430","journal-title":"Pathogens"},{"key":"28_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"354","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2802.210213","volume":"28","author":"EM Bloch","year":"2022","unstructured":"Bloch EM, Day JR, Krause PJ, Kjemtrup A, O'Brien SF, Tobian AAR, Goel R (2022) Epidemiology of hospitalized patients with Babesiosis, United States, 2010\u20132016. Emerg Infect Dis 28:354\u2013362","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"28_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ofid\/ofac597","volume":"9","author":"EM Bloch","year":"2022","unstructured":"Bloch EM, Zhu X, Krause PJ, Patel EU, Grabowski MK, Goel R, Auwaerter PG, Tobian AAR (2022) Comparing the epidemiology and health burden of Lyme disease and Babesiosis hospitalizations in the United States. Open forum Infect Dis 9:ofac597","journal-title":"Open forum Infect Dis"},{"key":"28_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1086\/649859","volume":"50","author":"GP Wormser","year":"2010","unstructured":"Wormser GP, Prasad A, Neuhaus E, Joshi S, Nowakowski J, Nelson J, Mittleman A, Aguero-Rosenfeld M, Topal J, Krause PJ (2010) Emergence of resistance to azithromycin-atovaquone in immunocompromised patients with Babesia microti infection. Clin Infect Dis 50:381\u2013386","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"28_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tmrv.2023.150769","volume":"37","author":"EM Bloch","year":"2023","unstructured":"Bloch EM, Busch MP, Corash LM, Dodd R, Hailu B, Kleinman S, O'Brien S, Petersen L, Stramer SL, Katz L (2023) Leveraging donor populations to study the epidemiology and pathogenesis of transfusion-transmitted and emerging infectious diseases. Transfus Med Rev 37:150769","journal-title":"Transfus Med Rev"},{"key":"28_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.01268-22","volume":"61","author":"SJ Drews","year":"2023","unstructured":"Drews SJ, Kjemtrup AM, Krause PJ, Lambert G, Leiby DA, Lewin A, O\u2019Brien SF, Renaud C, Tonnetti L, Bloch EM (2023) Transfusion-transmitted Babesia spp.: a changing landscape of epidemiology, regulation, and risk mitigation. J Clin Microbiol 61:e0126822","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"28_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19974","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.AC118.005771","volume":"293","author":"A Abraham","year":"2018","unstructured":"Abraham A, Brasov I, Thekkiniath J, Kilian N, Lawres L, Gao R, DeBus K, He L, Yu X, Zhu G, Graham MM, Liu X, Molestina R, Ben MC (2018) Establishment of a continuous in vitro culture of Babesia duncani in human erythrocytes reveals unusually high tolerance to recommended therapies. J Biol Chem 293:19974\u201319981","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"28_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"770","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens10060770","volume":"10","author":"JA Alvarez Martinez","year":"2021","unstructured":"Alvarez Martinez JA, Figueroa Millan JV, Ueti MW, Rojas-Martinez C (2021) Establishment of Babesia bovis in vitro culture using medium free of animal products. Pathogens 10:770","journal-title":"Pathogens"},{"key":"28_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"818","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.42.4.818","volume":"42","author":"P Brasseur","year":"1998","unstructured":"Brasseur P, Lecoublet S, Kapel N, Favennec L, Ballet JJ (1998) In vitro evaluation of drug susceptibilities of Babesia divergens isolates. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 42:818\u2013820","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"28_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"482","DOI":"10.3390\/cells12030482","volume":"12","author":"W Jiang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Jiang W, Wang S, Li D, Zhang Y, Luo W, Zhao J, He L (2023) Continuous in vitro culture of Babesia duncani in a serum-free medium. Cells 12:482","journal-title":"Cells"},{"key":"28_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1002\/cyto.a.23062","volume":"91","author":"JR Cursino-Santos","year":"2017","unstructured":"Cursino-Santos JR, Singh M, Pham P, Lobo CA (2017) A novel flow cytometric application discriminates among the effects of chemical inhibitors on various phases of Babesia divergens intraerythrocytic cycle. Cytometry A 91:216\u2013231","journal-title":"Cytometry A"},{"key":"28_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"859","DOI":"10.1111\/cmi.12555","volume":"18","author":"JR Cursino-Santos","year":"2016","unstructured":"Cursino-Santos JR, Singh M, Pham P, Rodriguez M, Lobo CA (2016) Babesia divergens builds a complex population structure composed of specific ratios of infected cells to ensure a prompt response to changing environmental conditions. Cell Microbiol 18:859\u2013874","journal-title":"Cell Microbiol"},{"key":"28_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"35717","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M604344200","volume":"281","author":"E Montero","year":"2006","unstructured":"Montero E, Gonzalez LM, Rodriguez M, Oksov Y, Blackman MJ, Lobo CA (2006) A conserved subtilisin protease identified in Babesia divergens merozoites. J Biol Chem 281:35717\u201335726","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"28_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4783","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.00969-08","volume":"77","author":"E Montero","year":"2009","unstructured":"Montero E, Rodriguez M, Oksov Y, Lobo CA (2009) Babesia divergens apical membrane antigen 1 and its interaction with the human red blood cell. Infect Immun 77:4783\u20134793","journal-title":"Infect Immun"}],"container-title":["Methods in Molecular Biology","Methods in Transfusion Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/978-1-0716-5376-0_28","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T22:37:09Z","timestamp":1788302229000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/978-1-0716-5376-0_28"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"ISBN":["9781071653753","9781071653760"],"references-count":32,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-1-0716-5376-0_28","relation":{},"ISSN":["1064-3745","1940-6029"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1064-3745","type":"print"},{"value":"1940-6029","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2 September 2026","order":1,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ChapterHistory","label":"Chapter History"}}]}}