{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T00:13:33Z","timestamp":1788308013125,"version":"build-2803163510"},"publisher-location":"New York, NY","reference-count":19,"publisher":"Springer US","isbn-type":[{"value":"9781071654996","type":"print"},{"value":"9781071655009","type":"electronic"}],"license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-0716-5500-9_25","type":"book-chapter","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T23:22:20Z","timestamp":1788304940000},"page":"301-317","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Protocols for Standard and Advanced Visualization and Quantification of Leptospira Biofilms"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"given":"Gr\u00e9goire","family":"Davignon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Malia","family":"Kainiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roman","family":"Thibeaux","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]]},"reference":[{"issue":"9","key":"25_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"623","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro2415","volume":"8","author":"HC Flemming","year":"2010","unstructured":"Flemming HC, Wingender J (2010) The biofilm matrix. Nat Rev Microbiol 8(9):623\u201333","journal-title":"Nat Rev Microbiol"},{"issue":"10","key":"25_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"571","DOI":"10.1038\/s41579-020-0385-0","volume":"18","author":"KP Rumbaugh","year":"2020","unstructured":"Rumbaugh KP, Sauer K (2020) Biofilm dispersion. Nat Rev Microbiol 18(10):571\u2013586","journal-title":"Nat Rev Microbiol"},{"issue":"9","key":"25_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"563","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro.2016.94","volume":"14","author":"HC Flemming","year":"2016","unstructured":"Flemming HC et al (2016) Biofilms: an emergent form of bacterial life. Nat Rev Microbiol 14(9):563\u201375","journal-title":"Nat Rev Microbiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"25_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mimet.2010.08.018","volume":"83","author":"T Coenye","year":"2010","unstructured":"Coenye T, Nelis HJ (2010) In vitro and in vivo model systems to study microbial biofilm formation. J Microbiol Methods 83(2):89\u2013105","journal-title":"J Microbiol Methods"},{"issue":"6","key":"25_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"996","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.22.6.996-1006.1985","volume":"22","author":"GD Christensen","year":"1985","unstructured":"Christensen GD et al (1985) Adherence of coagulase-negative Staphylococci to plastic tissue culture plates: a quantitative model for the adherence of Staphylococci to medical devices. Journal of Clinical Microbiology 22(6):996\u20131006","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Microbiology"},{"issue":"5","key":"25_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"855","DOI":"10.1002\/1522-2683()22:5<855::AID-ELPS855>3.0.CO;2-Y","volume":"22","author":"Y Yang","year":"2001","unstructured":"Yang Y et al (2001) Counterion-dye staining method for DNA in agarose gels using crystal violet and methyl orange. Electrophoresis 22(5):855\u20139","journal-title":"Electrophoresis"},{"issue":"7","key":"25_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00510085","volume":"281","author":"B Bonnekoh","year":"1989","unstructured":"Bonnekoh B et al (1989) Colorimetric growth assay for epidermal cell cultures by their crystal violet binding capacity. Arch Dermatol Res 281(7):487\u201390","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"25_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1001264","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1001264","volume":"7","author":"KM Colvin","year":"2011","unstructured":"Colvin KM et al (2011) The pel polysaccharide can serve a structural and protective role in the biofilm matrix of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. PLoS Pathog 7(1):e1001264","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog"},{"key":"25_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100207","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bioflm.2024.100207","volume":"8","author":"JB Andersen","year":"2024","unstructured":"Andersen JB, Rybtke M, Tolker-Nielsen T (2024) The dynamics of biofilm development and dispersal should be taken into account when quantifying biofilm via the crystal violet microtiter plate assay. Biofilm 8:100207","journal-title":"Biofilm"},{"issue":"Pt 5","key":"25_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1309","DOI":"10.1099\/mic.0.2007\/014746-0","volume":"154","author":"P Ristow","year":"2008","unstructured":"Ristow P et al (2008) Biofilm formation by saprophytic and pathogenic leptospires. Microbiology 154(Pt 5):1309\u201317","journal-title":"Microbiology"},{"issue":"1","key":"25_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41522-020-0134-1","volume":"6","author":"R Thibeaux","year":"2020","unstructured":"Thibeaux R et al (2020) The zoonotic pathogen Leptospira interrogans mitigates environmental stress through cyclic-di-GMP-controlled biofilm production. NPJ Biofilms Microbiomes 6(1):24","journal-title":"NPJ Biofilms Microbiomes"},{"issue":"3","key":"25_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1007\/s12088-023-01085-6","volume":"63","author":"T Gomes","year":"2023","unstructured":"Gomes T et al (2023) Impact of extracellular DNA on architectural parameters of Leptospira biflexa Biofilm. Indian J Microbiol 63(3):373\u2013379","journal-title":"Indian J Microbiol"},{"key":"25_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100243","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bioflm.2024.100243","volume":"9","author":"PDS Ribeiro","year":"2025","unstructured":"Ribeiro PDS et al (2025) Investigations into the growth and formation of biofilm by Leptospira biflexa at temperatures encountered during infection. Biofilm 9:100243","journal-title":"Biofilm"},{"issue":"1","key":"25_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1186\/s12866-018-1206-8","volume":"18","author":"T Yamaguchi","year":"2018","unstructured":"Yamaguchi T et al (2018) Characterizing interactions of Leptospira interrogans with proximal renal tubule epithelial cells. BMC Microbiol 18(1):64","journal-title":"BMC Microbiol"},{"issue":"9","key":"25_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0009736","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0009736","volume":"15","author":"AAN Santos","year":"2021","unstructured":"Santos AAN et al (2021) Leptospira interrogans biofilm formation in Rattus norvegicus (Norway rats) natural reservoirs. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 15(9):e0009736","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"key":"25_CR16","first-page":"45","volume":"26","author":"HC Ellinghausen Jr.","year":"1965","unstructured":"Ellinghausen Jr.HC, McCullough WG (1965) Nutrition of Leptospira pomona and growth of 13 other serotypes: fractionation of oleic albumin complex and a medium of bovine albumin and polysorbate 80. Am J Vet Res 26:45\u201351","journal-title":"Am J Vet Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"25_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.94.1.27-31.1967","volume":"94","author":"RC Johnson","year":"1967","unstructured":"Johnson RC, Harris VG (1967) Differentiation of pathogenic and saprophytic Leptospires. I. Growth at low temperatures. J Bacteriol 94(1):27\u201331","journal-title":"J Bacteriol"},{"issue":"7","key":"25_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"676","DOI":"10.1038\/nmeth.2019","volume":"9","author":"J Schindelin","year":"2012","unstructured":"Schindelin J et al (2012) Fiji: an open-source platform for biological-image analysis. Nat Methods 9(7):676\u2013682","journal-title":"Nat Methods"},{"key":"25_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Merritt JH, Kadouri DE, O'Toole GA. Growing and analyzing static biofilms. Curr Protoc Microbiol. 2005 Jul; Chapter 1: Unit 1B.1. doi: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/9780471729259.mc01b01s00. PMID: 18770545; PMCID: PMC4568995","DOI":"10.1002\/9780471729259"}],"container-title":["Methods in Molecular Biology","Leptospira spp."],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/978-1-0716-5500-9_25","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T23:22:21Z","timestamp":1788304941000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/978-1-0716-5500-9_25"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"ISBN":["9781071654996","9781071655009"],"references-count":19,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-1-0716-5500-9_25","relation":{},"ISSN":["1064-3745","1940-6029"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1064-3745","type":"print"},{"value":"1940-6029","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2 September 2026","order":1,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ChapterHistory","label":"Chapter History"}}]}}