{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T00:13:24Z","timestamp":1788308004693,"version":"build-2803163510"},"publisher-location":"New York, NY","reference-count":34,"publisher":"Springer US","isbn-type":[{"value":"9781071654996","type":"print"},{"value":"9781071655009","type":"electronic"}],"license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-0716-5500-9_27","type":"book-chapter","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T23:20:43Z","timestamp":1788304843000},"page":"327-341","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Cultivation of Leptospira interrogans Within Rat Peritoneal Dialysis Membrane Chambers"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"given":"Andr\u00e9 Alex","family":"Grassmann","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Melissa J.","family":"Caimano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]]},"reference":[{"issue":"10","key":"27_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"736","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro2208","volume":"7","author":"AI Ko","year":"2009","unstructured":"Ko AI, Goarant C, Picardeau M (2009) Leptospira: the dawn of the molecular genetics era for an emerging zoonotic pathogen. Nat Rev Microbiol 7(10):736\u2013747. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nrmicro2208","journal-title":"Nat Rev Microbiol"},{"issue":"5","key":"27_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"376","DOI":"10.1097\/01.qco.0000178824.05715.2c.","volume":"18","author":"AJ McBride","year":"2005","unstructured":"McBride AJ, Athanazio DA, Reis MG, Ko AI (2005) Leptospirosis. Curr Opin Infect Dis 18(5):376\u2013386. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/01.qco.0000178824.05715.2c.","journal-title":"Curr Opin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"3-4","key":"27_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2009.03.012","volume":"140","author":"B Adler","year":"2010","unstructured":"Adler B, de la Pena Moctezuma A (2010) Leptospira and leptospirosis. Vet Microbiol 140(3-4):287\u2013296. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.vetmic.2009.03.012","journal-title":"Vet Microbiol"},{"issue":"7","key":"27_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2105","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.00094-16","volume":"84","author":"EA Wunder Jr.","year":"2016","unstructured":"Wunder EA Jr., Figueira CP, Santos GR, Lourdault K, Matthias MA, Vinetz JM, et al. (2016) Real-time PCR reveals rapid dissemination of Leptospira interrogans after intraperitoneal and conjunctival inoculation of hamsters. Infect Immun 84(7):2105\u20132115. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/IAI.00094-16","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"issue":"2","key":"27_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2007.10.012","volume":"105","author":"DA Athanazio","year":"2008","unstructured":"Athanazio DA, Silva EF, Santos CS, Rocha GM, Vannier-Santos MA, McBride AJ, et al. (2008) Rattus norvegicus as a model for persistent renal colonization by pathogenic Leptospira interrogans. Acta Trop 105(2):176\u2013180. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.actatropica.2007.10.012","journal-title":"Acta Trop"},{"key":"27_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1002\/9780471729259.mc12e03s20","volume":"12E","author":"R Bonilla-Santiago","year":"2011","unstructured":"Bonilla-Santiago R, Nally JE (2011) Rat model of chronic leptospirosis. Curr Protoc Microbiol 12E:3. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/9780471729259.mc12e03s20","journal-title":"Curr Protoc Microbiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"27_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1099\/00222615-9-2-149","volume":"9","author":"RB Marshall","year":"1976","unstructured":"Marshall RB (1976) The route of entry of leptospires into the kidney tubule. J Med Microbiol 9(2):149\u2013152. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1099\/00222615-9-2-149","journal-title":"J Med Microbiol"},{"key":"27_CR8","unstructured":"Taal MW, Chertow GM, Marsden PA, Skorecki K, UYu ASL, Brenner BM (2012) Brenner and Rector\u2019s The Kidney. 9th edn. Elsevier Mosby Saunders"},{"issue":"Pt 2","key":"27_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"418","DOI":"10.1099\/mic.0.072439-0","volume":"160","author":"SY Villanueva","year":"2014","unstructured":"Villanueva SY, Saito M, Tsutsumi Y, Segawa T, Baterna RA, Chakraborty A, et al. (2014) High virulence in hamsters of four dominant Leptospira serovars isolated from rats in the Philippines. Microbiology. 160(Pt 2):418\u2013428. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1099\/mic.0.072439-0","journal-title":"Microbiology."},{"issue":"5","key":"27_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"792","DOI":"10.1354\/vp.08-VP-0265-N-REV","volume":"46","author":"AM Monahan","year":"2009","unstructured":"Monahan AM, Callanan JJ, Nally JE (2009) Review paper: host-pathogen interactions in the kidney during chronic leptospirosis. Vet Pathol 46(5):792\u2013799. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1354\/vp.08-VP-0265-N-REV","journal-title":"Vet Pathol"},{"key":"27_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-662-45059-8_5","volume":"387","author":"DA Haake","year":"2015","unstructured":"Haake DA, Levett PN (2015) Leptospirosis in humans. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol 387:65\u201397. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-662-45059-8_5","journal-title":"Curr Top Microbiol Immunol"},{"issue":"5","key":"27_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"408","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3083.2010.02505.x","volume":"73","author":"TR Fraga","year":"2011","unstructured":"Fraga TR, Barbosa AS, Isaac L (2011) Leptospirosis: aspects of innate immunity, immunopathogenesis and immune evasion from the complement system. Scand J Immunol 73(5):408\u2013419. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1365-3083.2010.02505.x","journal-title":"Scand J Immunol"},{"key":"27_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-662-45059-8_9","volume":"387","author":"RL Zuerner","year":"2015","unstructured":"Zuerner RL (2015) Host response to Leptospira infection. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol 387:223\u2013250. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-662-45059-8_9","journal-title":"Curr Top Microbiol Immunol"},{"issue":"3","key":"27_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1004004","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1004004","volume":"10","author":"MJ Caimano","year":"2014","unstructured":"Caimano MJ, Sivasankaran SK, Allard A, Hurley D, Hokamp K, Grassmann AA et al (2014) A model system for studying the transcriptomic and physiological changes associated with mammalian host-adaptation by Leptospira interrogans serovar Copenhageni. PLoS Pathog 10(3):e1004004. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.ppat.1004004","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog"},{"issue":"2","key":"27_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"742","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.72.2.742-749.2004","volume":"72","author":"S Artiushin","year":"2004","unstructured":"Artiushin S, Timoney JF, Nally J, Verma A (2004) Host-inducible immunogenic sphingomyelinase-like protein, Lk73.5, of Leptospira interrogans. Infect Immun 72(2):742\u2013749. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/IAI.72.2.742-749.2004","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"issue":"5-6","key":"27_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"712","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbapap.2018.04.006","volume":"1866","author":"G Dhandapani","year":"2018","unstructured":"Dhandapani G, Sikha T, Pinto SM, Kiran Kumar M, Patel K, Kumar M, et al (2018) Proteomic approach and expression analysis revealed the differential expression of predicted leptospiral proteases capable of ECM degradation. Biochim Biophys Acta Proteins Proteom 1866(5-6):712\u2013721. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bbapap.2018.04.006","journal-title":"Biochim Biophys Acta Proteins Proteom"},{"key":"27_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2018.00045","volume":"8","author":"H Adhikarla","year":"2018","unstructured":"Adhikarla H, Wunder Jr.EA, Mechaly AE, Mehta S, Wang Z, Santos L et al (2018) Lvr, a signaling system that controls global gene regulation and virulence in pathogenic Leptospira. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 8:45. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fcimb.2018.00045","journal-title":"Front Cell Infect Microbiol"},{"key":"27_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"783","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2017.00783","volume":"8","author":"T Fraser","year":"2017","unstructured":"Fraser T, Brown PD (2017) Temperature and oxidative stress as triggers for virulence gene expression in pathogenic Leptospira spp. Front Microbiol 8:783. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fmicb.2017.00783","journal-title":"Front Microbiol"},{"issue":"10","key":"27_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":":5848","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.00755-06","volume":"74","author":"M Lo","year":"2006","unstructured":"Lo M, Bulach DM, Powell DR, Haake DA, Matsunaga J, Paustian ML et al (2006) Effects of temperature on gene expression patterns in Leptospira interrogans serovar Lai as assessed by whole-genome microarrays. Infect Immun 74(10):5848\u20135859. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/IAI.00755-06","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"27_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2180-10-31","volume":"10","author":"K Patarakul","year":"2010","unstructured":"Patarakul K, Lo M, Adler B (2010) Global transcriptomic response of Leptospira interrogans serovar Copenhageni upon exposure to serum. BMC Microbiol 10:31. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1471-2180-10-31","journal-title":"BMC Microbiol"},{"key":"27_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"362","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2017.00362","volume":"7","author":"JE Nally","year":"2017","unstructured":"Nally JE, Grassmann AA, Planchon S, Sergeant K, Renaut J, Seshu J et al (2017) Pathogenic leptospires modulate protein expression and post-translational modifications in response to mammalian host signals. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 7:362. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fcimb.2017.00362","journal-title":"Front Cell Infect Microbiol"},{"issue":"10","key":"27_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e26046","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0026046","volume":"6","author":"JE Nally","year":"2011","unstructured":"Nally JE, Monahan AM, Miller IS, Bonilla-Santiago R, Souda P, Whitelegge JP (2011) Comparative proteomic analysis of differentially expressed proteins in the urine of reservoir hosts of leptospirosis. PLoS One 6(10):e26046. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0026046","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"1","key":"27_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"400","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.69.1.400-404.2001","volume":"69","author":"JE Nally","year":"2001","unstructured":"Nally JE, Timoney JF, Stevenson B (2001) Temperature-regulated protein synthesis by Leptospira interrogans. Infect Immun 69(1):400\u2013404. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/IAI.69.1.400-404.2001","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"issue":"2","key":"27_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"766","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.00741-06","volume":"75","author":"JE Nally","year":"2007","unstructured":"Nally JE, Whitelegge JP, Bassilian S, Blanco DR, Lovett MA (2007) Characterization of the outer membrane proteome of Leptospira interrogans expressed during acute lethal infection. Infect Immun 75(2):766\u2013773. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/IAI.00741-06","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"issue":"1","key":"27_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41522-024-00570-0","volume":"10","author":"G Davignon","year":"2024","unstructured":"Davignon G, Pietrosemoli N, Benaroudj N, Soupe-Gilbert ME, Cagliero J, Turc E et al (2024) Leptospira interrogans biofilm transcriptome highlights adaption to starvation and general stress while maintaining virulence. NPJ Biofilms Microbiomes 10(1):95. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41522-024-00570-0","journal-title":"NPJ Biofilms Microbiomes"},{"issue":"12","key":"27_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1009078","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1009078","volume":"17","author":"AA Grassmann","year":"2021","unstructured":"Grassmann AA, Zavala-Alvarado C, Bettin EB, Picardeau M, Benaroudj N, Caimano MJ (2021) The FUR-like regulators PerRA and PerRB integrate a complex regulatory network that promotes mammalian host-adaptation and virulence of Leptospira interrogans. PLoS Pathog 17(12):e1009078. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.ppat.1009078","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog"},{"key":"27_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Hu WL, Pappas CJ, Zhang JJ, Yang YY, Yan J, Picardeau M, et al (2017) The EbpA-RpoN regulatory pathway of the pathogen Leptospira interrogans is essential for survival in the environment. Appl Environ Microbiol. 83(3):e02377-16. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/AEM.02377-16","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.02377-16"},{"key":"27_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Zavala-Alvarado C, Sismeiro O, Legendre R, Varet H, Bussotti G, Bayram J et al (2020) The adaptive transcriptional response of pathogenic Leptospira to peroxide reveals new defenses against infection-related oxidative stress. PLoS Pathog 16(10):2020.04.03.015982. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1101\/2020.04.03.015982","DOI":"10.1101\/2020.04.03.015982"},{"issue":"10","key":"27_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1008904","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1008904","volume":"16","author":"C Zavala-Alvarado","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zavala-Alvarado C, Sismeiro O, Legendre R, Varet H, Bussotti G, Bayram J et al (2020) The transcriptional response of pathogenic Leptospira to peroxide reveals new defenses against infection-related oxidative stress. PLoS Pathog 16(10):e1008904. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.ppat.1008904","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog"},{"issue":"1","key":"27_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41522-020-0134-1","volume":"6","author":"R Thibeaux","year":"2020","unstructured":"Thibeaux R, Soupe-Gilbert ME, Kainiu M, Girault D, Bierque E, Fernandes J et al (2020) The zoonotic pathogen Leptospira interrogans mitigates environmental stress through cyclic-di-GMP-controlled biofilm production. NPJ Biofilms Microbiomes 6(1):24. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41522-020-0134-1","journal-title":"NPJ Biofilms Microbiomes"},{"issue":"1","key":"27_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-67772-6","volume":"14","author":"EB Bettin","year":"2024","unstructured":"Bettin EB, Grassmann AA, Dellagostin OA, Gogarten JP, Caimano MJ (2024) Leptospira interrogans encodes a canonical BamA and three novel noNterm Omp85 outer membrane protein paralogs. Sci Rep 14(1):19958. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-024-67772-6","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"27_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Zavala-Alvarado C, Vincent AT, Sismeiro O, Legendre R, Varet H, Bussotti G et al (2020) The oxidative stress response and virulence of pathogenic Leptospira are controlled by the interplay of two peroxide stress regulators. bioRxiv. 2020:2020.11.06.371039. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1101\/2020.11.06.371039","DOI":"10.1101\/2020.11.06.371039"},{"issue":"12","key":"27_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0260981","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0260981","volume":"16","author":"T Phoka","year":"2021","unstructured":"Phoka T, Fule L, Da Fonseca JP, Cokelaer T, Picardeau M, Patarakul K (2021) Investigating the role of the carbon storage regulator A (CsrA) in Leptospira spp. PLoS One 16(12):e0260981. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0260981","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"27_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"e RC, Walby J, Henry RA, Auran NE (1973) Cultivation of parasitic leptospires: effect of pyruvate. Appl Microbiol 26(1):118\u2013119","DOI":"10.1128\/am.26.1.118-119.1973"}],"container-title":["Methods in Molecular Biology","Leptospira spp."],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/978-1-0716-5500-9_27","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T23:20:45Z","timestamp":1788304845000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/978-1-0716-5500-9_27"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"ISBN":["9781071654996","9781071655009"],"references-count":34,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-1-0716-5500-9_27","relation":{},"ISSN":["1064-3745","1940-6029"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1064-3745","type":"print"},{"value":"1940-6029","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2 September 2026","order":1,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ChapterHistory","label":"Chapter History"}}]}}